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The State of Necessity and the Use of Force to Protect Nationals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2016

Jean Raby
Jean Raby*
Affiliation:
L.L.B. (1986, Laval), M.Phil. (1988, Cantab.), Member of the New York Bar
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Type
Notes and Comments/Notes et commentaires
Information
Canadian Yearbook of International Law/Annuaire canadien de droit international , Volume 26 , 1989 , pp. 253 - 272
Copyright
Copyright © The Canadian Council on International Law / Conseil Canadien de Droit International, representing the Board of Editors, Canadian Yearbook of International Law / Comité de Rédaction, Annuaire Canadien de Droit International 1989

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References

1 Case Concerning Military and Paramilitary Activities in and Against Nicaragua, [1986] I.C.J. Rep. 3, 94, para. 176.

2 Ibid., 103, para. 195.

3 Ibid., 122, para. 227.

4 Ibid., 119, para. 229.

5 Nguyen, Q.D., “La légitime défense d’après la Charte des Nations-Unies,” (1948) 52 R.G.D.I.P. 223, 242.Google Scholar

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7 supra note 1, at 64, para. 115.

8 Ibid., 104, para. 195; 119, para. 230; 122, para. 237.

9 Farer, T.J., “Drawing the Right Line,” (1987) 81 Am. J. Int’lL. 112, 113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

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22 Ago, R., “Le délit international,” (1939-II) 68 R.C.A.D.I. 419, 544Google Scholar; see also supra note 17, at 39, para. 57; Guggenheim, P., Traité de droit international public, vol. 2, at 62 (Geneva, 1954)Google Scholar; supra note 11, at 510.

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24 Rousseau, supra note 21, at 92–94.

25 Oscar Chin case, P.C.I.J. Series A/B, No. 63, at 113.

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27 supra note 12, at 48, para. 30.

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29 J. Salmon, supra note 14, at 344.

30 Salmon, supra note 14, at 245.

31 supra note 12, at 48, para. 33.

32 supra note 17, at 20, para. 14; supra note 12, at 48, para. 33.

33 Salmon, supra note 14, at 347–48.

34 supra note 23, at 154, para. 43.

35 supra note 17, at 19, para. 12.

36 supra note 13, at 49, para. 32.

37 supra note 17, at 19, para. 12.

38 supra note 1 a, at 49, para. 32.

39 supra note 17, at 20, para. 15.

40 supra note 12, at 50, para. 35.

41 Ibid., 51, para. 40.

42 Schacter, O., “The Right of States to Use Armed Force,” (1984) 82 Mich. L.R. 1620, 1631.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

43 Ibid., 1637.

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51 supra note 49, at 153.

52 supra note 12, at 44, para. 23.

53 Ibid.

54 Ibid.

55 supra note 49, at 148.

56 See, inter alia, Rousseau, C., Droii international public, vol. 4, at 47 (Paris, 1980)Google Scholar; Lillich, R., “Forcible Self-Help by States to Protect Human Rights,” (1967) 53 Iowa L.R. 325, 349Google Scholar; Brownlie, I., International Law and the Use of Force by States 317 (Oxford, 1963)CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Ronzitti, op. cit. supra note 50, at 84.

57 Case Concerning United States Military and Paramilitary Activities in and Against Nicaragua, [1986] I.C.J. Rep. 3, 94, para. 176.

58 supra note 12, at 45, para. 25.

59 See the statement of the Belgian Prime Minister, Mr. Eyskens, to the Belgian Senate, on July 12, 1960, as quoted in Salmon, supra note 14, at 252; see the statements of the Belgian representative to the Security Council in U.N.S.C.O.R., 15th year, 1960, S/PV. 873, 873rd meeting, at 34, para. 18284, at 35, para. 192–93, and S/PV. 877, 877th meeting, at 30, para. 142.

60 As quoted in Sik, K. and Siekman, R., “Netherlands State Practice for the Parliamentary Year 1976,” (1978) 9 Neth. Y.I.L. 191, 234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

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