¹ Schram, S. R., Ideology and Policy in China since the Third Plenum, 1978–84 (London: Contemporary China Institute, 1984).Google Scholar The others are Teiwes, F. C., Leadership, Legitimacy and Conflict in China (London: Macmillan, 1984)CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Moody, P. R., Chinese Politics after Mao (New York: Praeger, 1983)Google Scholar; and Maxwell, N. and McFarlane, B., eds, China's Changed Road to Development (Oxford: Pergamon, 1984).Google Scholar

² The CCP's review of its post-1949 history was formulated in the Resolution on Party History since the Foundation of the PRC adopted by the 6th Plenum of the 11th Central Committee of the CCP in June 1981.

³ For example Womack, B., ed., Media and the Chinese Public (Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 1986)Google Scholar; and Fan, Li, ‘The Question of Interests in the Chinese Policy Making Process’, China Quarterly, No. 109 (03 1987), p. 64.Google Scholar

⁴ Friedman, E., ‘The Original Chinese Revolution Remains in Power’, in Cumings, B., ed., China from Mao to Deng (London: M. E. Sharpe, 1983), p. 23.Google Scholar

⁵ For example: Beauregard, P. de, Canestan, J. P., Domenach, J. L., Godement, F., Goldfiem, J. de and Joyaux, F., La Politique Asiatique de la Chine (Paris: Fondations pour les Études de Défence Nationale, 1986).Google Scholar

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⁸ For example, Sigal, L. T., ‘On the “Two Roads” and Following our Own Path: The Myth of the “Capitalist Road”’, Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs, No. 7 (1982), p. 55Google Scholar, and the responses in the same journal, No. 8.

⁹ For example: Goldman, M., China's Intellectuals (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1981)Google Scholar; and Joseph, W. A., The Critique of Ultra-Leftism in China, 1958–1981 (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1984).Google Scholar

¹⁰ Three seminal works which together reflect the major academic preoccupations ofthat period are: Barnett, A. D., Cadres, Bureaucracy and Political Power in Communist China (New York: Columbia University Press, 1967)Google Scholar; Schram, S. R., The Political Thought of Mao Tse-tung (New York: Praeger, 1963)Google Scholar; and Schurmann, H. F., Ideology and Organization in Communist China (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966).Google Scholar

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¹² For example, Chang, P., Power and Policy in China (London: Pennsylvania University Press, 1975)Google Scholar, and Liu, A. P., Political Culture and Croup Conflict in Communist China (Oxford: Clio Books, 1976).Google Scholar

¹³ For example, Solinger, D., Regional Government and Political Integration in Southwest China (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1977)Google Scholar, and White, L. T. III, ‘Leadership in Shanghai, 1955–69’, in Scalapino, R., ed., Elites in the People's Republic of China (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1972).Google Scholar

¹⁴ For example, Bennett, G., Huadong: The Story of a Chinese People's Commune (Boulder, Colorado: Westview, 1978).Google Scholar

¹⁵ For example, Brugger, W., Democracy and Organization in the Chinese Industrial Enterprise (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976).Google Scholar

¹⁶ For example, Vogel, E., Canton under Communism (New York: Harper and Row, 1971).Google Scholar

¹⁷ Surprise is clearly reflected in the pages of the China Quarterly, No. 27 (09 1966)Google Scholar, and the following issues. For example, Joffe at that time described the GPCR as not so much the ‘titanic struggle’ described by the New York Times of 26 06 1966Google Scholar as a ‘titanic riddle’, in ‘China in Mid-1966: “Cultural Revolution” or Struggle for Power?’, China Quarterly, No. 27 (09 1966), p. 123.Google Scholar

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¹⁹ This point is made forcefully by Winckler when, with not a little justice (and hindsight), he indicates the relative success of cyclical explanations. Winckler, E. A., ‘Policy Oscillations in the People's Republic of China: A Reply’, China Quarterly, No. 68 (12 1976), p. 734.Google Scholar

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²⁴ For example: Maitan, L., Party, Army and Masses in China (London: New Left Books, 1976).Google Scholar

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²⁹ In addition to the more obvious economic and statistical yearbooks, there are those of more direct relevance to political studies, as for example, the Zhongua renmin gongheguo xingzhen quhua jiance [PRC Handbook of Administrative Areas] (Beijing: Ministry of Civil Affairs), and the Zhongguo baike nianjian [The China Almanac] (Beijing: The Chinese Almanac Publishing House).

³⁰ Data for 1971, 1977 and 1980 are taken from Almanac of China's Economy, 1981 (Hong Kong: Modern Cultural Company Limited, 1982) p. 725.Google Scholar

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⁴⁸ See Schram, , Ideology and Policy in China since the Third Plenum.Google Scholar A similar argument is developed in Tsou, Tang, ‘Back from the Brink of Revolutionary-“Feudal” Totalitarianism’, in Nee, V. and Mozingo, D., eds, State and Society in Contemporary China (London: Cornell University Press, 1983), p. 53.Google Scholar

⁴⁹ For an apparent ‘outside’ account based on this perspective, see Chen, J., Inside the Cultural Revolution (London: Sheldon Press, 1975).Google Scholar

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⁵¹ Solinger, D., ed., Three Visions of Chinese Socialism (Boulder, Colorado: Westview, 1984)Google Scholar. More colourfully, Friedman has referred to these as Titoism, , Maoism, , and Stalinism, , in ‘Some Origins and Consequences of the Maoist Theory of the Socialist Transition’Google Scholar, in Selden, M. and Lippit, V., The Transition to Socialism in China, p. 159.Google Scholar

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⁵⁵ For example, Pye, L., The Dynamics of Chinese Politics (Cambridge, Mass.: Oelgeschlager, Gunn & Hain, 1981)Google Scholar; and Domes, J., Politische Soziologie der Volksrepublik China (Wiesbaden: Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, 1980).Google Scholar

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