Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T19:30:36.191Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

What, then, is Skinner's operationism?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2010

Philip N. Hineline
Philip N. Hineline
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa. 19122
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Open Peer Commentary
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 7 , Issue 4 , December 1984 , pp. 560
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1984

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, J. R. (1978) Arguments concerning representations for mental imagery. Psychological Review 85:249–77. [LCR]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Armstrong, D. M. (1971) Meaning and communication Philosophical Review 80:427–47. [JB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Austin, J. L. (1961) Philosophical papers. Clarendon Press. [PH]Google Scholar
Bates, E. (1976) Language and context: The acquisition of pragmatics. Academic Press. [RPB]Google Scholar
Bem, D. J. (1967) Self-perception: An alternative interpretation of cognitive dissonance phenomena. Psychological Review 74:183–200. [DTK, rBFS, HST]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bem, D. J. & Allen, A. (1974) On predicting some of the people some of the time: The search for cross-situational consistencies in behavior. Psychological Review 81:506183–20. [DTK]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bennett, J. (1975) Stimulus, response, meaning. American Philosophical Quarterly 9:55–88. [JB]Google Scholar
Bennett, J. (1976) Linguistic behaviour. Cambridge University Press. [JB]Google Scholar
Bergmann, G. & Spence, K. W. (1941) Operationism and theory in psychology. Psychological Review 48:1–14. [JM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Block, N. (1978) Troubles with functionalism. In: Perception and cognition: Issues in the foundations of psychology. Minnesota studies in the philosophy of science, vol. 9, ed. Savage, C. W.. University of Minnesota Press. [GG]Google Scholar
Boden, M. (1972) Purposive explanation in psychology. Harvard University Press. [JDR]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boring, E. G. (1936) Temporal perception and operationism. American Journal of Psychology 48:519–22. [JM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boring, E. G. (1945) The use of operational definitions in science. Psychological Review 52:243–45. [taBFS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bousfield, A. K. & Bousfield, W. A. (1966) Measurement of clustering and of sequential constancies in repeated free recall. Psychological Reports 19:935–42. [HST]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bower, G. H. (1972) A selective review of organizational factors in memory. In: Organization of memory, ed. Tulving, E. & Donaldson, W.. Academic Press. [HST]Google Scholar
Bridgman, P. W. (1928) The logic of modern physics. Macmillan. [RPB, JDR, taBFS]Google Scholar
Bridgman, P. W. (1945) Some general principles of operational analysis. Psychological Review 52:246–49. [taBFS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brinker, R. P. (1982) Contextual contours in the development of language. In: Children thinking through language, ed. Beveridge, M.. Edward Arnold. [RPB]Google Scholar
Bruner, J. S. (1975) The ontogenesis of speech acts. Journal of Child Language 2:1–19. [RPB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carnap, R. (1934) The unity of science. K. Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. [taBFS]Google Scholar
Catania, A. C. (1979) Learning. Prentice-Hall. [RBP]Google Scholar
Cheek, J. M. (1982) Aggregation, moderator variables, and the validity of personality tests: A peer-rating study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 43:1254–69. [DTK]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1959) A review of B. F. Skinner's Verbal Rehavior. Language 35:26–58. [RPB, JDR]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chomsky, N. (1975) Reflections on language. William Collins. [CFL]Google Scholar
Churchland, P. (1981) Eliminative materialism and propositional attitudes. Journal of Philosophy 78:67–90. [JB]Google Scholar
Churchland, P. M. & Churchland, P. S. (1981) Functionalism, qualia, and intentionality. Philosophical Topics 12:121–45. [GG)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Commons, M. L., Hermstein, R. J. & Rachlin, H. eds. (1982) Quantitative analyses of behavior, vol. 2, Matching and maximizing accounts. Ballinger, [HR]Google Scholar
Cumming, W. W. & Berryman, R. R. (1965) Stimulus generalization. In: Stimulus generalization, ed. Mostofsky, D. I.. Stanford University Press. [HST]Google Scholar
Feigl, H. (1945) Operationism and scientific method. Psychological Review 52:250–59. [RPB, taBFS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fodor, J. A. (1980) Methodological solipsism considered as a research strategy in cognitive psychology. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3:63–72. [JB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fodor, J. A., Bever, T. G. & Garrett, M. F. (1974) The psychology of language. McGraw-Hill. [JDR]Google Scholar
Grant, D. S. (1983) Rehearsal in pigion short-term memory. In: Animal cognition, ed. Roitblat, H. L., Bever, T. G. & Terrace, H. S.. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. [HST]Google Scholar
Greenfield, P. M. & Smith, J. H. (1976) The structure of communication in early language development. Academic Press. [RPB]Google Scholar
Grice, H. P. (1957) Meaning. Philosophical Review 66:377–88. [JB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harré, R. & Secord, P. F. (1972) The explanation of social behaviour. Blackwell. [CFL]Google Scholar
Harzem, P. & Miles, T. R. (1978) Conceptual issues in operant psychology. Wiley. [PH]Google Scholar
Hempel, C. G. (1965a) The concept of rationality and the logic of explanations by reasons. In: Aspects of scientific explanations. Free Press. [JDR]Google Scholar
Hempel, C. G. (1965b) Empiricist criteria of cognitive significance: Problems and changes. In: Aspects of scientific explanation. Free Press. [JDR]Google Scholar
Hempel, C. G. (1965c) A logical appraisal of operationism. In: Aspects of scientific explanation. Free Press. [JDR]Google Scholar
Herrnstein, R. J. (1977) The evolution of behaviorism. American Psychologist 32:593–603. [RPB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hinsie, L. E. & Campbell, R. J., eds. (1970) Psychiatric Dictionary. 4th ed.Oxford University Press. [PEM]Google Scholar
Hunter, W. S. (1913) The delayed reaction in animals. Behavior Monographs 2:6. [HST]Google Scholar
Jaynes, J. (1976) The origin of consciousness in the breakdown of the bicameral mind. Houghton Mifflin. [HST]Google Scholar
Kendall, P. C. & Hollon, S. D. (1979) Cognitive-behavioral interventions: Theory, research and procedures. Academic Press. (CFL]Google Scholar
Kenrick, D. T. & Dantchik, A. (1983) Interactions, idiographics, and the social psychological invasion of personality. Journal of Personality 51:286–307. [DTK]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kenrick, D. T. & Stringfield, D. O. (1980) Personality traits and the eye of the beholder: Crossing some traditional philosophical boundaries in the search for consistency in all of the people. Psychological Review 87:88–104. [DTK]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koch, S. (1964) Psychology and emerging conceptions of knowledge as unitary. In: Behaviorism and phenomenology, ed. Wann, T. W.. University of Chicago Press. [JDR]Google Scholar
Koestler, A. (1967) The ghost in the machine. Hutchinson. [CFL]Google Scholar
Kuhn, T. (1962) The structure of scientific revolutions. University of Chicago Press. [JDR]Google Scholar
Lacey, H. (1974) The scientific study of linguistic behavior: A perspective on the Skinner-Chomsky controversy. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 4:17–51. [JDR]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ledgwidge, B. (1978) Cognitive-behavior modification: A step in the wrong direction? Psychological Bulletin 85:353–75. [CFL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Locke, E. A. (1979) Behavior modification is not cognitive and other myths: A reply to Ledgwidge. Cognitive Therapy and Research 3:119–25. [CFL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lowe, C. F. (1979) Determinants of human operant behaviour. In: Advances in analysis of behaviour, vol. 1, Reinforcement and the organisation of behaviour, ed. Zeiler, M. D. & Harzem, P.. Wiley. [CFL]Google Scholar
Lowe, C. F. (1983) Radical behaviorism and human psychology. In: Animal models of human behavior, ed. Davey, G. C. L.. Wiley. [CFL, rBFS]Google Scholar
Lowe, C. F., Beasty, A. & Bentall, R. P. (1983) The role of verbal behavior in human learning: Infant performance on fixed-interval schedules. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 39:157–64. [CFL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lowe, C. F. & Higson, P. J. (1981) Self-instructional training and cognitive behaviour modification: A behavioural analysis. In: Applications of conditioning theory, ed. Davey, G. C. L.. Methuen. [CFL]Google Scholar
Luria, A. (1961) The role of speech in the regulation of normal and abnormal behavior. Liveright. [CFL]Google Scholar
Lycan, W. (1981) Form, function, and feel. Journal of Philosophy 78:24–49. [GG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacCorquodale, K. (1970) On Chomsky's review of Skinner's Verbal Behavior. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 13:83–99. [JDR]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mach, E. (1893) The science of mechanics. Open Court Publishing Company. [taBFS]Google Scholar
Mach, E. (1919) The science of mechanics. Translated by McCormack, T. J.. 4th ed.Open Court Publishing Company. [JDR]Google Scholar
Mahoney, M. J. (1977) Reflections on the cognitive-learning trend in psychotherapy. American Psychologist 32:5–13. [CFL]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Malcolm, N. (1964) Behaviorism as a philosophy of psychology. In: Behaviorism and phenomenology: Contrasting bases for modern psychology, ed. Wann, T. W.. University of Chicago Press. [GG, rBFS]Google Scholar
Mandler, G. (1967) Organization and memory. In: The psychology of learning and motivation, ed. Spence, K. W. & Spence, J. T.. Academic Press. [HST]Google Scholar
Meyer, M. (1921) The psychology of the other-one. Missouri Book Co. [GEZ]Google Scholar
Miller, G. A. (1951) Language and communication. McGraw-Hill. [JB, rBFS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ogden, C. K. & Richards, I. A. (1938) The meaning of meaning. Harcourt, Brace. [rBFS]Google Scholar
Olton, D. S. & Samuelson, R. J. (1976) Remembrance of places past: Spatial memory in rats. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes 2:97–116. [HST]Google Scholar
Palmer, S. E. (1978) Fundamental aspects of cognitive representation. In: Cognition and categorization, ed. Rosch, E. & Lloyd, B.. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. [LCR]Google Scholar
Piaget, J. (1929) The child's conception of the world. Harcourt, Brace. [HST]Google Scholar
Piaget, J. & Inhelder, B. (1969) The gaps in empiricism. In: Beyond reductionism, ed. Koestler, A. & Smythies, J. R.. Hutchinson. [RPB]Google Scholar
Place, U. T. (1981a) Skinner's Verbal behavior I – Why we need it. Behaviorism 9:1–24. [UTP]Google Scholar
Place, U. T. (1981b) Skinner's Verbal Behavior II – What is wrong with it. Behaviorism 9:131–52. [UTP]Google Scholar
Polanyi, M. (1960) Personal knowledge. University of Chicago Press. [rBFS]Google Scholar
Premack, D. (1976) Intelligence in ape and man. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. [HST]Google Scholar
Quine, W. (1960) Word and object. MIT Press. [JDR]Google Scholar
Quine, W. (1970) Methodological reflections on current linguistic theory. Synthese 27:325–29. [JDR]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ringen, J. (1977) On evaluating data concerning linguistic intuition. In: Current themes in linguistics, ed. Eckman, F.. Wiley. [JDR]Google Scholar
Ringen, J. (1980) Quine on introspection in linguistics. In: A festschrift for a native speaker, ed. Coulmas, F.. Mouton. [JDR]Google Scholar
Roberts, W. A. & Kraemer, P. J. (1982) Some observations of the effects of intertrial interval and delay on delayed matching to sample in pigeons. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes 8:342–53. [HST]Google ScholarPubMed
Roitblat, H. L. (1980) Codes and coding processes in pigeon short-term memory. Animal Learning and Behavior 8:341–51. [HST]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russell, B. (1940) An inquiry into meaning and truth. C. Allen & Unwin. [taBFS]Google Scholar
Ryle, G. (1949) The concept of mind. Hutchinson. [PH, UTP]Google Scholar
Schiffer, S. R. (1972) Meaning. Oxford University Press. [JB]Google Scholar
Scriven, M. (1956) A study of radical behaviorism. In: The foundations of science and the concepts of psychology and psychoanalysis, ed. Feigl, H. & Scriven, M.. Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, vol. 1. University of Minnesota Press. [JDR]Google Scholar
Segal, E. F. (1975) Psycholingiiistics discovers the operant: A review of Roger Brown's A first language: The early states. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 23:149–58. [RPB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shepard, R. N. (1975) Form, formation and transformation of internal representations. In: Information processing and cognition, ed. Solso, R. L.. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. [HST]Google Scholar
Shepard, R. N. & Metzler, J. (1971) Mental rotation of three-dimensional objects. Science 171:701–3. [LCR]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shimp, C. P. (1976) Short-term memory in the pigeon: Relative recency. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 25:55–61. [HST]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Skinner, B. F. (1931) The concept of the reflex in the description of behavior. Journal of General Psychology 5:427–58. [PNH, JDR, taBFS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skinner, B. F. (1935a) The generic nature of the concepts of stimulus and response. Journal of General Psychology 12:40–65. [RPB, PNH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skinner, B. F. (1935b) Two types of conditioned reflex and a pseudo-type. Journal of General Psychology 12:66–77. [PNH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skinner, B. F. (1937) Two types of conditioned reflex: A reply to Konorski and Miller. Journal of General Psychology 16:272–79. [PNH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skinner, B. F. (1938) The behavior of organisms. Appleton-Century-Crofts. [RPB, CFL, PEM, DS]Google Scholar
Skinner, B. F. (1950) Are theories of learning necessary? Psychological Review 57:193–216. [PNH, rBFS, HST]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Skinner, B. F. (1953) Science and human behavior. Macmillan. [CFL, HST]Google Scholar
Skinner, B. F. (1957) Verbal behavior. Appleton-Century-Crofts. [KRG, GC, CFL, JM, UTP, JDR]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skinner, B. F. (1959) John Broadus Watson, behaviorist. Science 129:197–98. [JDR]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Skinner, B. F. (1963) Behaviorism at fifty. Science 134:566–602. [CFL]Google Scholar
Skinner, B. F. (1969a) Contingencies of reinforcement: A theoretical analysis. Appleton-Century-Crofts. [RPB, UTP, HST, GEZ]Google Scholar
Skinner, B. F. (1969b) An operant analysis of problem solving. In: Contingencies of reinforcement: A theoretical analysis. Appleton-Century-Crofts. [PNH]Google Scholar
Skinner, B. F. (1974) About behaviorism. Alfred A. Knopf. [PH, CFL, DS, HST, CEZ]Google Scholar
Skinner, B. F. (1977a) Herrnstein and the evolution of behaviorism. American Psychologist 32:1006–12. [RPB, PNH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skinner, B. F. (1977b) Why I am not a cognitive psychologist. Behaviorism 5:1–10 [HST]Google Scholar
Skinner, B. F. (1981) Selection by consequences. Science 213:501–4. [PNH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Slater, E. & Glithero, E. (1965) A follow up of patients diagnosed as suffering from hysteria. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 9:9–13. [DTK]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sokolov, A. N. (1972) Inner speech and thought. Plenum. [CFL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevens, S. S. (1939) Psychology and the science of science. Psychological Bulletin 36:221–63. [JM, taBFS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, C. (1964) The explanation of behaviour. Humanities Press. [JDR]Google Scholar
Terrace, H. S. (1970) Towards a doctrine of radical behaviorism. Contemporary Psychology 15:531–35. [HST]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terrace, H. S. (1982) Can animals think? New Society 4:339–42. [HST]Google Scholar
Terrace, H. S. (1983a) Animal cognition. In Animal Cognition, ed. Roitblat, H. L., Bever, T. G. & Terrace, H. S.. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. [HST]Google Scholar
Terrace, H. S. (1983b) Simultaneous chaining: The problem it poses for traditional chaining theory. In: Quantitative studies in operant behavior: Acquisition, ed. Commons, M. L., Wagner, A. R. & Herrnstein, R. J.. Ballinger. [HST]Google Scholar
Vygotsky, L. (1962) Thought and language. Wiley. [CFL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watson, J. B. (1913) Psychology as the behaviorist views it. Psychological Review 20:158–77. [CFL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wells, G. (1981) Learning through interaction: Study of language development. Cambridge University Press. [RPB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitlock, F. A. (1967) The aetiology of hysteria. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 43:144–62. [DTK]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilson, T. (1978) Cognitive behavior therapy: Paradigm shift or passing phase? In: Cognitive behavior therapy: Research and application, ed. Foreyt, J. & Rathjen, D.. Plenum. [CFL]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Winokur, S. (1976) A primer of verbal behavior: An operant view. Prentice-Hall. [JDR]Google Scholar
Wittgenstein, L. (1953) Philosophical investigations. Macmillan. [KRG, PH]Google Scholar
Woodfield, A. (1976) Teleology. Cambridge University Press. [JDR]Google Scholar
Wright, L. (1976) Teleological explanations. University of California Press. [JDR]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zentall, T. (1983) Cognitive factors in conditional learning by pigeons. In: Animal cognition, ed. Roitblat, H. L., Bever, T. G. & Terrace, H. S.. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. [HST]Google Scholar
Zettle, R. D. & Hayes, S. C. (1982) Rule-governed behavior: A potential theoretical framework for cognitive behavior therapy. In: Advances in cognitive-behavioral research and therapy, vol. 1, ed. Kendall, P. C.. Academic Press. [CFL]Google Scholar
Ziff, P. (1960) Semantic analysis. Cornell University Press. [JB]Google Scholar
Ziff, P. (1970) A response to stimulus meaning. Philosophical Review 79:63–74. [JB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar