Abrams, R. & Taylor, M. A. (1978) A rating scale for emotional blunting. American Journal of Psychiatry 135:225–29. [RF]Google ScholarPubMed

Abrams, R. & Taylor, M. A.(1980) Psychopathology and the electroencephalogram. Biological Psychiatry 15:817–78. [taREH]Google ScholarPubMed

Aho, A., Hopcroft, J. & Ullman, J. (1974) The design and analysis of computer algorithms. Addison-Wesley. [taREH]Google Scholar

Al-Issa, I. (1977) Social and cultural aspects of hallucinations. Psychological Bulletin 84:570–87. [NPS, SS]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Al-Issa, I. (1978) Socio-cultural factors in hallucinations. International journal of Social Psychiatry 24:167–76. [rREH, RPB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Allen, H. A. (1984) Positive and negative symptoms and the thematic organisation of schizophrenic speech. British Journal of Psychiatry 144:611–17. [rREH, HA]Google Scholar

Allen, H. A. & Allen, D. S. (1985) Positive symptoms and the organization within and between ideas in schizophrenic speech. Psychological Medicine 15:71–80. [rREH, HA]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Allen, H. A., Halperin, J. & Friend, R. (1985) Removal and diversion tactics and the control of auditory hallucinations. Behaviour Research and Therapy 23:601–05. [rREH, HA]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Allen, J. F. & Perrault, C. R. (1980) Analyzing intention in utterances. Artificial Intelligence 15:143–78. [taREH]Google Scholar

Alpert, M. (1965) Feedback effects of audition and vocal effort on intensity of voice. Ph.D. dissertation, New York University. [MA]Google Scholar

Alpert, M. (1985) The signs and symptoms of schizophrenia. Comprehensive Psychiatry 26:103–12. [MA, RPB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Alpert, M., Angrist, B., Diamond, F. & Gershon, S., 1970. Comparison of ditran intoxication and acute alcohol psychoses. In: Origins and mechanisms of hallucinations, ed. Keup, Wolfram. Plenum Press. [MA]Google Scholar

Alpert, M. & Martz, M. J. (1977) Cognitive views of schizophrenia in light of recent studies of brain asymmetry. In: Psychopathology and brain dysfunction, ed. Shagass, C., Gershon, S. & Friedhoff, A. J.. Raven Press. [rREH, MA]Google Scholar

Alpert, M., Rubinstein, H. & Kesselman, M. (1976) Asymmetry of information processing in hallucinators and nonhallucinators. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 162:258–65. [tarREH, MA, TPB]Google Scholar

Alpert, M. & Silvers, K. N. (1970) Perceptual characteristics distinguishing hallucinations in schizophrenia and acute alcoholic psychoses. American Journal of Psychiatry 127:298–302. [rREH, MA]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

American Psychiatric Association (1980) Diagnostic and statistical manual, 3d. ed. [taREH, JJ]Google Scholar

Anderson, J. R. (1983) The architecture of cognition. Harvard University Press. [taREH]Google Scholar

Andreasen, N. C. (1979a) Thought, language and communication disorders: 1. Clinical assessment, definition of terms, and evaluation of their reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry 36:1315–21. [taREH, RF]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Andreasen, N. C. (1979b) Thought, language and communication disorders: 2. Diagnostic significance. Archives of Ceneral Psychiatry 36:1325–30. [tarREH, MH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Andreasen, N. C., Hoffman, R. & Grove, W. (1984) Language abnormalities in schizophrenia. In: New perspectives in schizophrenia, ed. Seeman, M. & Menuck, M.. Heath. [tarREH, MA, BRR, SS]Google Scholar

Andreasen, N. C. & Olsen, S. (1982) Negative versus positive schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry 39:789–94. [tarREH, RF, MH, SS]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Angrist, B., Rotrosen, J. & Gershon, S. (1980) Differential effects of amphetamine and neuroleptics on negative vs. positive symptoms in schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology 72:17–19. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Arbib, M. A. (1982) From artificial intelligence to neurolinguistics. In: Neural models of language, ed. Arbib, M. A., Caplan, D. & Marshall, J. C.. Academic Press. [taREH]Google Scholar

Arieti, S. (1974) Interpretation of schizophrenia. Basic Books. [BRR]Google Scholar

Baillarger, J. (1846) Des Hallucinations. Baillière. [PF]Google Scholar

Bates, E. (1976) Text and context: The acquisition of pragmatics. Academic Press. [rREH]Google Scholar

Bazhin, E. F., Wasserman, L. I. & Tonkonogii, I. M. (1975) Auditory hallucinations and left temporal lobe pathology. Neuropsychologia. 13:481–87. [tarREH, PF]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Beatty, J. (1982) Task-evoked pupillary responses, processing load, and the structure of processing resources. Psychological Bulletin 91:276–92. [rREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Beck, A. T. (1976) Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. International Universities Press. [HA]Google Scholar

Bem, D. J. (1967) Self-perception: An alternative interpretation of cognitive dissonance phenomena. Psychological Review 74:183–200. [taREH]Google Scholar

Benson, K., Zarcone, V. P. & Mezzich, J. (1979) A classification of schizophrenic and its subtypes with measures of sleep staging and REM sleep phasic events. Sleep Research 8:162. [rREH]Google Scholar

Bentall, R. P. (1986) The scientific status of schizophrenia: A critical evaluation. In: Current issues in clinical psychology, ed. Eisenberg, N. & Glasgow, D.. Gower Press. [rREH, RPB]Google Scholar

Bentall, R. P. & Slade, P. D. (1985a) Reality testing and auditory hallucinations: A signal detection analysis. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 24:159–69. [rREH, RPB, SS]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bentall, R. P. & Slade, P. D. (1985b) Reliability of a scale measuring disposition towards hallucination: A brief report. Personality and Individual Differences 6:527–29. [RPB]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Blashfield, R. K. (1983) The classification of psychopathology: NeoKreapelinian and quantitative approaches. Plenum Press. [RPB]Google Scholar

Bleuler, E. (1911, 1950) Dementia praecox or the group of schizophrenias. Aschaffenberg's Handbuch. International Universities Press. [taREH, PF]Google Scholar

Bleuler, E. (1934) Textbook of Psychiatry, trans. Brill, A. A.. Macmillan. [PF]Google Scholar

Bourguignon, E. (1970) Hallucinations and trance: An anthropologist's perspective. In: Origins and mechanisms of hallucinations, ed. Keup, W.. Plenum Press. [rREH, RPB]Google Scholar

Bracha, H. S., Bigelow, L. B., Cabrera, F. & Wyatt, R. (1984) Spatial location of visual hallucinations suggests dominant hemisphere temporal lobe dysfunction in schizophrenia. Presented at annual meeting of Society of Biological Psychiatry, Los Angeles. [PF]Google Scholar

Brand, M. (1984) Intending and acting: Toward a naturalized action theory. Bradford Books, MIT Press. [MB]Google Scholar

Brand, M. (in press) Intentional actions and plans. Midwest Studies in Philosophy. [MB]Google Scholar

Breier, A. & Strauss, J. (1983) Self-control in psychotic disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry 40:1141–45. [rREH, MH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Brett, E. A. & Starker, S. (1977) Auditory imagery and hallucinations. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 164:394–400. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Brockington, I. F., Kendell, R. E. & Leff, J. P. (1978) Definitions of schizophrenia: Concordance and prediction of outcome. Psychological Medicine 8:399–412. [RPB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Brockington, I. F., Kendell, R. E., Wainwright, R. S., Hillier, V. F. & Walker, J. (1979) The distinction between the affective psychoses and schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry 135:243–48. [RPB]Google Scholar

Brown, J. (1977) Mind, brain, and consciousness: The neuropsychology of cognition. Academic Press. [taREH]Google Scholar

Brown, J. (1979) Language representations in the brain. In: Neurobiology of social communication in primates, ed. Steklis, H. & Raleigh, M.. Academic Press. [taREH]Google Scholar

Brown, J. (1981) Image and object. Journal of Mental Imagery 5:26–28. [taREH]Google Scholar

Bruner, J. S. (1964) The course of cognitive growth. American Psychologist 19:1–15. [rREH, DFM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Buchsbaum, M., Ingvar, D., Kessler, R., Waters, R., Cappelletti, J., Van Kammen, D., King, C., Johnson, J., Manning, R., Flynn, R., Mann, L., Bunney, W. & Sokoloff, L. (1982) Cerebral glucography with positron tomography. Archives of General Psychiatry 39:251–59. [taREH]Google Scholar

Callaway, E. (1970) Schizophrenia and interference: An analogy with a malfunctioning computer. Archives of General Psychiatry 22:193–208. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Cegalis, J., Leen, D. & Solomon, E. (1977) Attention in schizophrenia: An analysis of selectivity in the functional visual field. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 86:470–82. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Cerny, M. (1964) Electrophysiological study of verbal hallucinations. Activitas Nervosa Superior (Praha) 6:94–95. [PF]Google ScholarPubMed

Cerny, M. (1965) On neurophysiological mechanisms in verbal hallucinations: An electrophysiological study. Activias Nervosa Superior (Prague) 7:197–98. [tarREH, PF]Google Scholar

Chaika, E. (1974) A linguist looks at “schizophrenic” language. Brain and Language 1:257–76. [tarREH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Chaika, E. (1977) Schizophrenic speech, slips of the tongue, and jargonaphasia: A reply to Fromkin and to Lecours and Vanier-Clement. Brain and Language 4:464–75. [tarREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Chaika, E. (1981) How shall a discourse be understood? Discourse Processes 4:71–88. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Chaika, E. (1982) A unified explanation for the diverse structural deviations reported for adult schizophrenics with disrupted speech. Journal of Communication Disorders 15:167–89. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Chapman, J. (1966) The early symptoms of schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry 12:225–51. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Chapman, L. & Chapman, J. (1980) Scales for rating psychotic and psychotic like experiences as continua. Schizophrenia Bulletin 6:476–80. [MH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Chapman, L. J., Edell, W. S. & Chapman, J. P. (1980) Physical anhedonia, perceptual aberration, and psychosis proneness. Schizophrenia Bulletin 6:639–53. [rREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Cohen, B., Nachmani, G. & Rosenberg, S. (1974) Referential communication disturbances in acute schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 83:1–13. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Cohen, P. R. & Perrault, C. R. (1979) Elements of a plan-based theory of speech acts. Cognitive Science 3:177–212. [taREH]Google Scholar

Cohn, N. (1970) The pursuit of the millenium. Oxford University Press. [NPS]Google Scholar

Collicut, J. R. & Hemsley, D. R. (1981) A psychophysiological investigations of auditory functioning in schizophrenia. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 20:199–204. [taREH]Google Scholar

Crick, F. & Mitchison, G. (1983) The function of dream sleep. Nature 304:111–14. [tarREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Cromwell, R. L. (1978) Attention and information processing: A formulation for understanding schizophrenia. In: The nature of schizophrenia, ed. Wynne, L. C., Cromwell, R. L. & Matthysse, S.. John Wiley. [PFG]Google Scholar

Crow, T. J. (1980) Molecular pathology of schizophrenia: More than one disease process? British Medical Journal 280:66–68. [taREH]Google Scholar

Cummings, J. L. (1985) Clinical Neuropsychiatry. Grune & Stratton. [rREH, RF]Google Scholar

Davidson, D. (1963) Actions, reasons, and causes. Journal of Philosophy 60:685–700. [MB]Google Scholar

Davidson, J. (1975) Ending structures in conversation. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Irvine. [taREH]Google Scholar

Deese, J. (1978) Thought into speech. American Scientist 66:314–21. [tarREH]Google ScholarPubMed

Deese, J. (1984) Thought into speech. Prentice-Hall. [JD]Google Scholar

Dennett, D. (1978) Two approaches to mental images. In: Brainstorms: Philosophical essays on mind and psychology. Bradford Books. [tarREH, BRR]Google Scholar

Easterbrook, J. A. (1959) The effect of emotion on cue utilization and the organization of behavior. Psychological Review 66:183–201. [PFG]Google Scholar

Eubanks, D., Faber, R., Spangher, G. & Mumford, A. (unpublished manuscript). Is there a dementiaform subtype of schizophrenia? [RF]Google Scholar

Ey, H. (1934) Hallucinations et delire, Les formes hallucinatoires de l'automatisme verbal. Alcan. [PF]Google Scholar

Eysench, M. W. (1977) Human memory: Theory, research, and individual differences. Pergamon Press. [PFG]Google Scholar

Faaborg-Anderson, K. C. (1957) Electromyographic investigation of intrinsic laryngeal muscles in humans. Acta Physiologica Scandanavica Supplement 140:41:1–148. [PF]Google Scholar

Faaborg-Anderson, K. C. & Edfeldt, A. Q. (1958) Electromyography of intrinsic and extrinsic laryngeal muscles during silent speech correlated with reading activity. Acta Otolaryngologia 49:478–82. [PF]Google Scholar

Faber, R., Abrams, R., Taylor, M., Kasprison, A., Morris, C. & Weisz, R. (1983) Comparison of schizophrenic patients with formal thought disorder and neurologically impaired patients with aphasia. American Journal of Psychiatry 140:1348–51. [tarREH, RF]Google ScholarPubMed

Faber, R. & Reichstein, M. B. (1981) Language dysfunction in schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry. 139:519–22. [taREH, RF]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Fahlman, S., Hinton, G. & Sejnowski, T. (1983) Massively parallel architectures for AI: NETL, Thistle and Boltzmann machines. In: Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Washington, D.C.. [taREH]Google Scholar

Finke, R. (1979) The functional equivalence of mental images and errors of movement. Cognitive Psychology 11:235–64. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Fish, F. J. (1962) Schizophrenia. John Wright. [taREH]Google Scholar

Flor-Henry, P. (1969) Psychosis and temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia 10:363–95. [PF]Google Scholar

Flor-Henry, P. (1976) Lateralized temporal-limbic dysfunction and psychopathology. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 280:777–97. [taREH]Google Scholar

Flor-Henry, P. (1983a) Cerebral basis of psychopathology. Wright, PSG. [PF]Google Scholar

Flor-Henry, P. (1983b) Commentary and synthesis. In: Latcrality and psychopathology, ed Flor-Henry, P. & Gruzelier, J.. Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press. [PF]Google Scholar

Foulkes, D. (1962) Dream reports from different stages of sleep. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 65:14–25. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Foulkes, D. & Fleisher, S. (1975) Mental activity in relaxed wakefulness. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 84:66–75. [tarREH, NFS]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Foulkes, D. & Scott, E. (1973) An above-zero waking baseline for the incidence of momentarily hallucinatory mentation. In: Sleep Research, ed. Chase, M. H., Stern, W. C. & Walter, P. L.. Brain Information Service/Brain Research Institute. [taREH]Google Scholar

Foulkes, D. & Vogel, G. (1965) Mental activity at sleep onset. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 4:231–43. [taREH, DFM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Frank, S. M., Rendon, M. I. & Siomopoulous, G. (1980) Language in hallucinations of adolescent schizophrenics. In: Applied Psycholinguistics and Mental Health, ed. Rieber, R. W.. Plenum Press. [taREH]Google Scholar

Freedman, B. & Chapman, L. J. (1973) Early subjective experience in schizophrenic episodes. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 82:46–54. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Freud, S. (1891, 1953) On aphasia, Trans. Stengel, E.. Imago Press. [TAH]Google Scholar

Freud, S. (1901) Psychopathology of everyday life, trans. Tyson, A.. Norton. [SS]Google Scholar

Freud, S. (1955) The ego and the id. In: The standard edition of the complete works of Sigmund Freud, vol. 19, ed. Strachey, J.. Hogarth. [rREH, DFM]Google Scholar

Frith, C. D. (1979) Consciousness, information processing and schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry 134:225–35. [taREH]Google Scholar

Garrett, M. (1975) The analysis of sentence production. In: The psychology of learning and motivation, vol. 9, ed. Bowers, G.. Academic Press. [tarREH]Google Scholar

Garrett, M. (1976) Syntactic processes in sentence production. In: New approaches to language mechanisms, ed. Walker, E. C. T. & Wales, R.. North Holland. [taREH]Google Scholar

Gazzaniga, S. M. (1970) The bisected brain. Appleton-Century-Crofts. [rREH, SS]Google Scholar

Gazzaniga, S. M. (1985) The social brain. Basic Books. [rREH]Google Scholar

Gerver, D. (1967) Linguistic rules and perception and recall of speech by schizophrenic patients. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 6:204–11. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Gjerde, P. F. (1983) Attentional capacity dysfunction and arousal in schizophrenia. Psychological Bulletin 93:57–72. [PFG]Google Scholar

Gordon, R. M. (1986) The passivity of emotions. Philosophical Review 95:371–92. [RGM]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gould, L. N. (1948) Verbal hallucinations and activity of vocal musculature: An electromyographic study. American Journal of Psychiatry 105:367–73. [tarREH, PF, JJ]Google Scholar

Gould, L. N. (1949) Auditory hallucinations and subvocal speech: Objective study in a case of schizophrenia. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 109:418–27. [PF]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gould, L. N. (1950) Verbal hallucinations as automatic speech: The reactivation of dormant speech habit. American Journal of Psychiatry 107:110. [PF]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Gruzelier, J. H. & Venables, P. H. (1972) Skin conductance orienting activity in a heterogenous sample of schizophrenics. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 155:277–87. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gur, R. E. (1978) Left hemisphere dysfunction and left hemisphere overactivation in schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 87:226–38. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Gur, R. E., Gur, R. C., Skolnick, B. E., Caroff, S., Obrist, W. D., Resnick, S. & Reivich, M. (1985) Brain function in psychiatric disorders. 3: Regional cerebral blood flow in unmedicated schizophrenics. Archives of General Psychiatry 42:329–34. [rREH, PF]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Haber, R. N. (1979) Twenty years of haunting eidetic imagery: Where is the ghost? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2:583–629. [rREH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hamilton, M. (1985) Auditory hallucinations in nonverbal quadriplegics. Psychiatry 48:382–92. [JJa]Google Scholar

Hamilton, M. (1979) Fish's clinical psychopathology. John Wright. [rREH]Google Scholar

Hamilton, M. (1985) Fish's clinical psychopathology, 2d ed.PSG. [RF]Google Scholar

Harley, T. A. (1984) A critique of top-down independent level models of speech production: Evidence from non-plan-internal speech errors. Cognitive Science 8:191–219. [rREH, TAH]Google Scholar

Harrow, M., Grossman, L., Silverstein, M. & Meltzer, H. (1982) Thought pathology in manic and schizophrenic patients. Archives of General Psychiatry 39:665–71. [rREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Harrow, M., Lanin-Kettering, I., Prosen, M. & Miller, J. (1983) Disordered thinking in schizophrenia: Intermingling and loss of set. Schizophrenia Bulletin 9:354–67. [taREH, MH]Google Scholar

Harrow, M. & Miller, J. (1980) Schizophrenic thought disorders and impaired perspective. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 89:717–27. [rREH, MH]Google Scholar

Harrow, M. & Quinlan, D. (1985) Disordered thinking and schizophrenic psychopathology. Gardner Press. [rREH, MH]Google Scholar

Harrow, M. & Silverstein, M. (1977) Psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia after the acute phase. Schizophrenia Bulletin 3:608–16. [MH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hartmann, E. (1975) Dreams and other hallucinations: An approach to the underlying mechanism. In: Hallucinations: Behavior, experience and theory, ed. Siegel, R. K. & West, L. J.. John Wiley. [taREH]Google Scholar

Harvey, N. A. (1918) Imaginary playmates. Ypsilanti: State Normal College. [JJa]Google Scholar

Harvey, P. (1983) Speech competence in manic and schizophrenic psychoses: The association between clinically rated thought disorder and cohesion and reference performance. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 92:368–77. [tarREH, MH]Google Scholar

Hayes-Roth, B. & Hayes-Roth, F. (1979) A cognitive model of planning. Cognitive Science 3:275–310. [taREH]Google Scholar

Heilbrun, A. F. (1980) Impaired recognition of self-expressed thoughts in patients with auditory hallucinations. journal of Abnormal Psychology 89:728–36. [taREH]Google Scholar

Heilbrun, A., Blum, M. & Haas, M. (1983) Cognitive vulnerability to auditory hallucination: Preferred imagery mode and spatial location of sounds. British Journal of Psychiatry 143:294–99. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hemsley, D. R. (1977) What have cognitive deficits to do with schizophrenic symptoms? British Journal of Psychiatry 130:167–73. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hemsley, D. R. (1982) Failure to establish appropriate response sets: An explanation for a range of schizophrenic phenomena? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5:599. [taREH]Google Scholar

Hemsley, D. R. & Richardson, P. H. (1980) Shadowing by context in schizophrenia. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 168:141–45. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Herbert, R. & Waltensperger, K. (1980) Schizophrasia: Case study of paranoid schizophrenic's language. Applied Psycholinguistics 1:81–93. [tarREH]Google Scholar

Hirsch, C. L. & DeWolfe, A. S. (1977) Associative interference and premorbid adjustment in schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 86:589–96. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hobbes, J. (1979) Conversation as planned behavior. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence.Tokyo. [taREH]Google Scholar

Hoffman, R. (in press). Computer simulations of neural information processing and the schizophrenia/mania dichotomy. Archives of General Psychiatry. [tarREH]Google Scholar

Hoffman, R., Hogben, G., Smith, H. & Calhoun, W. F. (1985) Message disruptions during syntactic processing in schizophrenia. Journal of Communication Disorders 18:183–202. [tarREH]Google Scholar

Hoffman, R., Kirstein, L., Stopek, S. & Cicchetti, D. (1982) Apprehending schizophrenic discourse: A structural analysis of the listener's task. Brain and Language 15:207–33. [taREH, JD]Google Scholar

Hoffman, R. & Sledge, W. (1984) A microgenetic model of paragrammatisms produced by a schizophrenic speaker. Brain and Language 21:147–73. [tarREH]Google Scholar

Hoffman, R., Stopek, S. & Andreasen, N. (1986) A discourse analysis comparing manic versus schizophrenic speech disorganization. Archives of General Psychiatry 43:831–38. [tarREH, BRR]Google Scholar

Hollender, M. & Boszormenyi-Nagi, I. (1958) Hallucinations as an ego experience. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry 80:93–97. [tarREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Holzman, P. S. & Levy, D. L. (1977) Smooth pursuit eye movements and functional psychoses: A review. Schizophrenia Bulletin 3:15–27. [taREH]Google Scholar

Hopfield, J. J., Feinstein, D. I. & Palmer, R. C. (1983) “Unlearning” has a stabilizing effect in collective memories. Nature 304:158–59. [taREH]Google Scholar

Horowitz, M. (1975) Hallucinations: An information-processing approach. In: Hallucinations: Behavior, experience and theory, ed. Siegel, R. K. & West, L. J.. John Wiley. [tarREH]Google Scholar

Horowitz, M. (1983) image formation and psychotherapy. Aronson. [DFM]Google Scholar

Inouye, T. & Shimizu, A. (1970) The electromyographic study of verbal hallucinations. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 151:415–22. [taREH, PF, JJ]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Jacobson, E. (1932) Electrophysiology of mental activities. American Journal of Psychology 44:677–94. [PF]Google Scholar

Janet, P. (1906) Major symptoms of hysteria. Macmillan. [PF]Google Scholar

Janet, P. (1936) Le language interieur dans l'hallucination psychique. Annales Medicopsychologiques 2:377–86. [PF]Google Scholar

Jaspers, K. (1963) General psychopathology, trans. Hoenig, J. & Hamilton, M. W.. University of Chicago Press. [RF]Google Scholar

Jaynes, J. (1976) The evolution of language in the late Pleistocene. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 280:312–25. [rREH, JD, JJa, TBP]Google Scholar

Jaynes, J. (1977) The origin of consciousness in the breakdown of the bicameral mind. Houghton Mifflin. [JJa]Google Scholar

Jaynes, J. (1981) The visions of William Blake. Art World 6:1–6. [JJa]Google Scholar

Johnson, F. H. (1958) Auditory hallucinations as interpreted by means of recorders. Anatomical Record 130:321. [PF]Google Scholar

Johnson, F. H. (1967) Neurophysiological disuse of inner speech as used in thinking in schizophrenia. Anatomical Record 157:366. [PF]Google Scholar

Johnson, F. H. (1978) The anatomy of hallucinations. Nelson-Hall. [RPB, PF, JJa]Google Scholar

Johnson, M. K., Raye, C. L., Foley, H. J. & Foley, M. A. (1981) Cognitive operations and decision bias in reality monitoring. American Journal of Psychology 94:37–64. [rREH, RPB]Google Scholar

Johnson, R. L. & Miller, M. D. (1965) Auditory hallucinations and intellectual deficits. Journal of Psychiatric Research 3:37–41. [rREH, MA]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Jouvet, M. (1978) Does a genetic programming of the brain occur during paradoxical sleep? In: Cerebral correlates of conscious experience, ed. Buser, P. A. & Rougel-Buser, A.. Elsevier/North Holland. [rREH]Google Scholar

Judkins, M. & Slade, P. (1981) A questionnaire study of hostility in persistent auditory hallucinations. British Journal of Medical Psychology 54:243–50. [JJu]Google Scholar

Junginger, J. & Frame, C. (1985) Self-report of the frequency and phenomenology of verbal hallucinations. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 173:149–55. [JJu]Google Scholar

Kahneman, D. (1973) Attention and effort. Prentice-Hall. [rREH]Google Scholar

Kaplan, R. J. (1983). Movement disorders. In: The clinical neurosciences, ed. Rosenberg, R. N., vol. 2, Churchill Livingston. [rREH]Google Scholar

Kass, W. (1968) The experience of spontaneous hallucination. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic 32:67–85. [tarREH]Google Scholar

Kay, S. R. (1982) Conceptual disorder in schizophrenia as a function of encoding orientation. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 170:154–63. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kay, S. R. & Singh, M. M. (1975) A developmental approach to delineate components of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 14:387–99. [taREH]Google Scholar

Kazdin, A. E. (1977) The token economy: A review and evaluation. Plenum Press. [HA]Google Scholar

Kelso, J. A. S. (1983) Concepts and issues in human motor behavior. In: Human motor behavior, ed. Kelso, J. A. S.. Erlbaum Associates [GZ]Google Scholar

Kelter, S., Cohen, R., Engel, D., List, G. & Strohner, H. (1977) The conceptual structure of aphasic and schizophrenic patients in a nonverbal sorting task. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 6:279–303. [taREH]Google Scholar

Kendell, R. E. & Brockington, I. F. (1980) The identification of disease entities and the relationship between schizophrenic and affective psychoses. British Journal of Psychiatry 137:321–24. [RPB]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kendell, R. E. & Gourlay, J. A. (1973) The clinical distinction between the affective psychoses and schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry 117:261–66. [RPB]Google Scholar

Keup, W., ed. (1970) The origins and mechanisms of hallucinations. Plenum Press. [RPB]Google Scholar

Kintsch, W. (1974) The representation of meaning in memory. Erlbaum Associates. [taREH]Google Scholar

Kintsch, W. & Van Dijk, T. A. (1978) Toward a model of text comprehension and production. Psychological Review 85:363–94. [taREH]Google Scholar

Klimes, K. (1941) “Audible thoughts” as a preliminary stage of acoustic hallucination. Archiv Fur Psychiatrie 114:358–65. [rREH]Google Scholar

Knight, R. A. & Sims-Knight, J. E. (1979) Integration of linguistic ideas in schizophrenics. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 88:191–202. [taREH]Google Scholar

Koh, S. D., Kayton, L. & Berry, R. (1973) Mnemonic organization in young nonpsychotic schizophrenics. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 81:299–310. [taREH]Google Scholar

Kolb, L. C. (1973) Modern clinical psychiatry, 8th ed.W. B. Saunders. [MA]Google Scholar

Korchin, S. (1964) Anxiety and cognition. In: Cognition: Theory, research, promise, ed. Scheerer, E.. Harper & Row. [PFG]Google Scholar

Kosslyn, S. (1981) The medium and the message in mental imagery: A theory. Psychological Review 88:46–66. [taREH]Google Scholar

Kosslyn, S. & Pomerantz, J. (1977) Imagery, propositions and the form of internal representations. Cognitive Psychology 9:52–76. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kubachi, M., Kobayashi, K., Suzuki, M., Hiramatsu, H., Yamaguchi, N., Matsuda, H., Hisada, K. & Momonoi, F. (1985) Front-temporal blood flow in schizophrenic disorders. Folia Psychiatrica et Neurologica Japonica 39:102. [rREH, PF]Google Scholar

Lewine, R., Fogg, L. & Meltzer, H. (1983) Assessment of negative and positive Symptoms in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 9:368–76. [rREH, MH]Google Scholar

Lezak, M. D. (1983) Neuropsychological assessment, 2d ed.Oxford University Press. [taREH]Google Scholar

Lhermitte, J. (1949) Comment comprendre les hallucinations. Gazette Medicale de France, Paris 56:345–51. [PF]Google Scholar

Lhermitte, J. (1951) Les hallucinations, clinique et physiopathologie. G. Doin. [PF]Google Scholar

Lindsley, O. R. (1956) Operant conditioning methods applied to research in chronic schizophrenia. Psychiatric Research Report 5:118–39. [PF]Google Scholar

Lindsley, O. R. (1960) Characteristics of the behavior of chronic psychotics as revealed by free-operant conditioning methods. Diseases of the Nervous System Monograph Supplement 21:66–78. [PF]Google Scholar

Lindsley, O. R. (1961) Direct measurement and functional definition of vocal hallucinatory symptoms in chronic psychosis. Proceedings of the Third Congress of Psychiatry. McGill University Press. [PF]Google Scholar

Lindsley, O. R. (1962) Operant conditioning methods in diagnosis. In: Psychosomatic medicine: The first Hahnemann symposium, ed. Nodine, J. H. & Moyer, J. H.. Lea and Febiger. [PF]Google Scholar

Lindsley, O. R. (1963a) Direct measurement and functional definition of vocal hallucinatory symptoms. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 136:293–97. [PF]Google Scholar

Lindsley, O. R. (1963b) Free-operant conditioning and psychotherapy, vol. 3. In: Current psychiatric therapies, ed. Masserman, J. H.. Grune and Stratton. [PF]Google Scholar

Linn, E. (1978) Verbal auditory hallucinations: Mind, self, and society. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 164:8–17. [taREH]Google Scholar

Luria, A. R. (1960) Verbal regulation of behavior. In: The central nervous system and behavior, ed. Brazierr, M. A. B.. Madison Printing Co. [PF]Google Scholar

Luria, A. R. (1961) The role of speech in the regulation of normal and abnormal behavior. Liveright. [tarREH, GZ]Google Scholar

Luria, A. R. (1968) The mind of a mnemonist. Basic Books. [rREH]Google Scholar

McGuigan, F. J. (1966) Covert oral behavior and auditory hallucinations. Psychophysiology 3:73–80. [PF, JJ]Google Scholar

McKellar, P. (1968) Experience and behaviour. Penguin Press. [RPB]Google Scholar

McKellar, P. (1972) Imagery from the standpoint of introspection. In: The function and nature of imagery, ed. Sheehan, P. W.. Academic Press. [GFR]Google Scholar

McKellar, P. (1979) Between wakefulness and sleep: Hypnagogic fantasy. In: The potential of fantasy and imagination, ed. Sheikh, A. A. & Shaffer, J. T.. Brandon House. [DFM]Google Scholar

McKellar, P. & Simpson, L. (1954) Between wakefulness and sleep: Hypnagogic imaging. British Journal of Psychology 45:266–76. [DFM]Google Scholar

Magaro, P. A. (1980) Cognition in schizophrenia and paranoia: The integration of cognitive processes. Erlbaum Associates. [BRR]Google Scholar

Maher, B. A. (1972) The language of schizophrenia: A review and interpretation. British Journal of Psychiatry 120:3–17. [taREH]Google Scholar

Maher, B. A. (1974) Delusional thinking and perceptual disorder. Journal of Individual Psychology 30:98–113. [taREH]Google Scholar

Maher, B., Manschreck, T. C. & Rucklos, M. (1980) Contextual constraint and recall of verbal material in schizophrenia: The effect of thought disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry 137:69–73. [taREH]Google Scholar

Manschreck, T. C., Maher, B. A. & Ader, D. N. (1981) Formal thought disorder, the type-token ration, and disturbed voluntary motor movement in schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry 139:7–15. [PF]Google Scholar

Marengo, J. & Harrow, M. (1985) Thought disorder: A function of schizophrenia, mania or psychosis? Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 173:35–41. [rREH, MH]Google Scholar

Margo, A., Hemsley, D. R. & Slade, P. D. (1981) The effects of varying auditory input on schizophrenic hallucinations. British Journal of Psychiatry 139:122–27. [tarREH]Google Scholar

Marks, D. F. (1983). Signal detection theory applied to imagery and states of consciousness. International Imagery Bulletin 1:39–51. [DFM]Google Scholar

Marks, D. F. (1986) The neuropsychology of imagery. In: Theories of image formation, ed. Marks, D. F.. Brandon House. [DFM]Google Scholar

Marr, D. (1982) Vision: A computational investigation into the human representation and processing of visual information. W. H. Freeman. [taREH]Google Scholar

Maudsley, H. (1886) Natural causes and supernatural seemings. Kegan Paul, Trench and Co. [PF]Google Scholar

Mayer, M., Alpert, M., Stastny, P., Perlick, D. & Empfield, M. (1985) Multiple contributions to clinical presentations of flat affect in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 11:420–26. [MA]Google Scholar

Max, L. W. (1937) An experimental study of the motor theory of consciousness. 4: Action of current responses in the deaf during awakening, kinaesthetic imagery, and abstract thinking. Journal of Comparative Psychology 24:301. [PF]Google Scholar

Meichenbaum, D. (1974) Cognitive behaviour modification. General Learning Press. [rREH, HA]Google Scholar

Meichenbaum, D. (1977) Cognitive-behavior modification: An integrative approach. Plenum Press. [rREH]Google Scholar

Miller, M. D., Johnson, R. L. & Richmond, L. H. (1965) Auditory hallucinations and descriptive language skills. Journal of Psychiatric Research 3:43–56. [taREH, MA]Google Scholar

Mintz, S. & Alpert, M. (1972) Imagery vividness, reality-testing and schizophrenic hallucinations. Journal of Abnonnal Psychology 19:310–16. [tarREH, MA, RPB]Google Scholar

Modell, A. H. (1958) The theoretical implications of hallucinatory experiences in schizophrenia. Journal of American Psychoanalytical Association 6:442–80. [PF]Google Scholar

Modell, A. H. (1960) An approach to the nature of auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry 3:259–66. [PF]Google Scholar

Modell, A. H. (1962) Hallucination in schizophrenic patients and their relation to psychic structure. In: Hallucinations, ed. West, L.. Grune and Stratton. [PF]Google Scholar

Moore, M. V. (1972) Binary communication for the severely handicapped. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 53:532–33. [JJa]Google Scholar

Morice, R. D. & Ingram, J. C. L. (1982) Language analysis in schizophrenia: Diagnostic implications. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 16:11–21. [rREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Morihisa, A., Duffy, F. H. & Wyatt, R. J. (1983) Brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM) in schizophrenic patients. Archives of General Psychiatry 40:719–28. [taREH]Google Scholar

Morris, P. E. & Hampson, P. J. (1983) Imagery and consciousness. Academic Press. [rREH]Google Scholar

Morstyn, R., Duffy, F. H. & McCarley, R. (1983a) Altered P300 topography in schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry 40:729–34. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Morstyn, R., (1983b) Altered topography of EEG spectral content in schizophrenia. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 56:263–71. [taREH]Google Scholar

Mott, R., Small, I. & Anderson, J. (1965) Comparative study of hallucinations. Archives of General Psychiatry 12:595–601. [JJu]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Murphy, H. B. M., Whitkover, E. D., Fried, J. & Ellenberger, H. (1963) Cross-cultural survey of schizophrenic symptomatology. International Journal of Social Psychiatry 9:237–49. [rREH]Google Scholar

Neale, J. M. & Oltmanns, T. F. (1980) Schizophrenia. John Wiley. [taREH]Google Scholar

Neisser, U. (1967) Cognitive psychology. Appleton-Century-Crofts. [HA]Google Scholar

Nisbett, R. E. & Wilson, T. (1977) Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes. Psychological Review 84:231–59. [taREH]Google Scholar

Nuechterlein, H. K. & Dawson, E. M. (1984) Information processing and attentional functioning in the developmental course of schizophrenic disorders. Schizophrenia Bulletin 10:160–230. [rREH]Google Scholar

Oltmanns, T. F. (1982) Criteria for evaluating hypotheses regarding information processing and schizophrenia. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5:610–11. [taREH]Google Scholar

Oppenheimer, H. (1971) Clinical psychiatry. Harper & Row. [taREH]Google Scholar

Parish, E. (1897) Hallucinations and illusions. Walter Scott. [PF]Google Scholar

Perky, C. W. (1910) An experimental study of imagination. American Journal of Psychology 21:422–52. [RPB]Google Scholar

Piaget, J. (1930) The child's conception of physical causality. Harcourt. [rREH, DFM]Google Scholar

Pines, M. (1978) Invisible playmates. Psychology Today 12:38–42. [JJa]Google Scholar

Pogue-Geile, M. & Harrow, M. (1985) Negative symptoms in schizophrenia: Their longitudinal course and prognostic importance. Schizophrenia Bulletin 11:427–39. [rREH, MH]Google Scholar

Posey, T. B. & Losch, M. E. (1983) Auditory hallucinations of hearing voices in 375 normal subjects. Imagination, Cognition, and Personality 2:99–113. [rREH, JJ, TBP]Google Scholar

Prince, M. (1909) The dissociation of a personality. Longmans. [DFM]Google Scholar

Pylyshyn, Z. (1973) What the mind's eye tells the mind's brain: A critique of mental imagery. Psychological Bulletin 80:1–24. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Pylyshyn, Z. (1980) Computation and cognition: Issues in the foundation of cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3:111–69. [taREH]Google Scholar

Pylyshyn, Z. (1981) The imagery debate: Analogue media versus tacit knowledge. Psychological Review 88:16–45. [taREH]Google Scholar

Rachman, S. (1981) Unwanted intrusive cognitions. Advances in Behavior Research and Therapy 3:89–99. [HA]Google Scholar

Ragin, A. & Oltmanns, T. (in press) Communicability and thought disorder in schizophrenics and other diagnostic groups: A followup study. British Journal of Psychiatry. [MH]Google Scholar

Reed, F. G. (1972) The psychology of anomalous experience. Hutchinson. [rREH, GFR]Google Scholar

Reilly, F., Harrow, M., Tucker, G., Quinlan, D. & Siegel, A. (1975) Looseness of associations in acute schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry 127:24–46. [taREH]Google Scholar

Rochester, S. & Martin, J. (1979) Crazy talk: A study of the discourse of schizophrenic speakers. Plenum Press. [taREH]Google Scholar

Rochester, S., Martin, J. & Thurston, S. (1977) Thought-process disorder in schizophrenia: The listener's task. Brain and Language 4:95–114. [taREH]Google Scholar

Rubens, R. L. & Lapidus, L. B. (1978) Schizophrenic patterns of arousal and stimulus barrier functioning. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 87:199–211. [taREH]Google Scholar

Rumelhart, D. & Norman, D. A. (1982) Simulating a skilled typist: A study of skilled cognitive-motor performance. Cognitive Science 6:1–32. [MB]Google Scholar

Rund, B. R. (1983) The effect of distraction on focal attention in paranoid and non-paranoid schizophrenic patients compared to normals and non-psychotic psychiatric patients. Journal of Psychiatric Research 17:241–50. [BRR]Google Scholar

Rund, B. R. (1985) Attention, communication, and schizophrenia. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 58:265–75. [BRR]Google Scholar

Rutter, D. (1979) The reconstruction of schizophrenic speech. British Journal of Psychiatry 134:356–59. [taREH]Google Scholar

Sacerdoti, E. D. (1977) A structure for plans and behavior. Elsevier. [taREH]Google Scholar

Schank, R. (1977) Rules and topics in conversation. Cognitive Science 1:421–42. [TAH]Google Scholar

Schank, R. (1983) Dynamic memory. Cambridge University Press. [taREH, MB]Google Scholar

Schank, R. & Abelson, R. (1977) Scripts, plans, goals, and understanding. Erlbaum Associates. [taREH, MB]Google Scholar

Schneider, K. (1957) Pramäre und secundäre symptome bei schizophrenie. Fortschritte der Neurologie, Psychiatrie und Ihrer Grenzgebeite 25:487–90. [taREH]Google Scholar

Schneider, S. J. & Wilson, C. R. (1983) Perceptual discrimination and reaction time in hallucinatory schizophrenics. Psychiatry Research 9:243–53. [tarREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Schreber, D. P. (1955) Memoirs of my nervous illness. Dawson. [JJa]Google Scholar

Schwartz, S. (1974) Arousal and recall: Effects of noise on two retrieval strategies. Journal of Experimental Psychology 102:896–98. [PFG]Google Scholar

Schwartz, S. (1975) Individual differences in cognition: Some relationships between personality and memory. Journal of Research in Personality 9:217–25. [PFG]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Schwartz, S. (1982) Is there a schizophrenic language? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5:579–626. [taREH, SS]Google Scholar

Schwartz, S. & Kirsner, K. (1984) Can group differences in hemispheric asymmetry be inferred from behavioral laterality indices? Brain and Cognition 3:57–71. [SS]Google Scholar

Sedman, G. (1966a) A comparative study of pseudohallucinations, imagery and true hallucinations. British Journal of Psychiatry 112:9–17. [tarREH]Google Scholar

Sedman, G. (1966b) “Inner voices”: Phenomenological and clinical aspects. British Journal of Psychiatry 112:485–90. [taREH]Google Scholar

Segal, S. J. (1970) Imagery and reality: Can they be distinguished? In: Origins and mechanisms of hallucinations, ed. Keup, W.. Plenum Press. [RPB]Google Scholar

Seitz, P. & Molholm, H. B. (1947) Relation of mental imagery to hallucinations. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry 57:469–80. [taREH]Google Scholar

Shagass, C. (1976) An electrophysiological view of schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry 11:3–30. [taREH]Google Scholar

Shakow, D. (1962) Segmental set. Archives of General Psychiatry 6:1–17. [taREH]Google Scholar

Shakow, D. (1977) Segmental set: The adaptive process in schizophrenia. American Psychologist 32:129–39. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Shimazono, Y., Katsumi, A., Sakamoto, S., Tanaka, T., Eguchi, T. & Nakamura, H. (1965) Eye movements of waking subjects with closed eyes. Archives of General Psychiatry 13:537–43. [taREH]Google Scholar

Sidgewick, H. A. (1894) Report of the census of hallucinations. Proceedings of the Society for Psychical Research 26:25–394. [RPB]Google Scholar

Siegal, R. K. & West, L. V., eds. (1975) Hallucinations: Behaviour, experience and theory. John Wiley. [RPB]Google Scholar

Silverberg-Shalev, R., Gordon, H., Bentin, S. & Aranson, A. (1981) Selective language deterioration in chronic schizophrenia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 33:547–51. [taREH]Google Scholar

Silverstein, M. I. & Harrow, M. (1982) Inter-relationships among three measures of disordered thinking in continuous word association. Psychological Reports 50:803–9. [taREH]Google Scholar

Singer, J. L. & Singer, D. C. (1984) Television, imagination and aggression. Erlbaum Associates. [JJa]Google Scholar

Slade, P. D. (1976a) An investigation of psychological factors involved with the predisposition to auditory hallucinations. Psychological Medicine 6:123–32. [taREH]Google Scholar

Slade, P. D. (1976b) Toward a theory of auditory hallucinations: An outline of an hypothetical four-factor model. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 15:415–23. [taREH, RPB]Google Scholar

Slade, P. D. & Bentall, R. P. (1986) Sensory deceptions: Towards a scientific theory of hallucinations. Croom-Helm. [RPB]Google Scholar

Slade, P. D. & Cooper, R. (1979) Some conceptual difficulties with the term ‘schizophrenia’: An alternative model. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 18:309–17. [RPB]Google Scholar

Slater, E. & Roth, M. (1969) Clinical psychiatry. Williams and Wilkins. [rREH]Google Scholar

Sokolov, A. N. (1972) Inner speech and thought. Plenum Press. [taREH]Google Scholar

Southard, E. E. (1914) American journal of insanity 71:383–403. [rREH, PF]Google Scholar

Spanos, N. P. (1983) Ergotism and the Salem witch panic: A critical analysis and an alternative conceptualization. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences 19:358–69. [NPS]Google Scholar

Spanos, N. P. (in press) Hypnosis, nonvolitional responding and multiple personality: A social psychological perspective. In: Progress in experimental personality research, ed. Maher, B., & Maher, W., Academic Press. [NPS]Google Scholar

Spanos, N. P. & Gorassini, D. R. (1984) The structure of hypnotic test suggestions and attributions of responding involuntarily. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 46:1162–72. [NPS]Google Scholar

Spanos, N. P. & Radtke, H. L. (1981) Hypnotic visual hallucinations as imaginings: A cognitive-social psychological perspective. Imagination, Cognition and Personality 1:147–70. [NPS]Google Scholar

Spohn, H. & Patterson, J. (1979) Recent studies of psychophysiology in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 5:581im[tarREH, GZ]Google Scholar

Starker, S. & Jolin, A. (1982) Imagery and hallucination in schizophrenic patients. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 170:448–51. [taREH]Google Scholar

Stevens, J. R., Bigelow, L., Denney, D., et al. (1979) Telemetered EEG-EOG during psychotic behaviors of schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry 36:251–62. [rREH, PF]Google Scholar

Stevens, J. R. & Livermore, A. (1982) Telemetered EEG in schizophrenia: Spectral analysis during abnormal behaviour episodes. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 45:385–95. [rREH, PF]Google Scholar

Strauss, J. (1969) Hallucinations and delusions as points on continua function. Archives of General Psychiatry 21:581–86. [MH]Google Scholar

Swinney, D. A. (1984) Theoretical and methodological issues in cognitive science: A psycholinguistic perspective. In: Method and tactics in cognitive science, ed. Kintsch, W., Miller, J. R. & Polson, P. G.. Erlbaum Associates. [rREH, WGL]Google Scholar

Swinney, D. A., Onifer, W., Prather, P. & Hirschkowitz, M. (1979) Semantic facilitation across sensory modalities in the processing of individual words and sentences. Memory and Cognition 7:159–65. [WGL]Google Scholar

Takahashi, R., Inaba, Y., Inanaga, K. et al. , (1981) CT scanning and the investigation of schizophrenia. Third World Congress of Biological Psychiatry, Stockholm (S 371). [rREH, PF]Google Scholar

Tenlake, A. Personal correspondence. [KAA]Google Scholar

Torrey, E. F. & Peterson, M. R. (1974) Schizophrenia and the limbic system. Lancet 2:942–46. [taREH]Google Scholar

Uchino, J., Araki, K., Tominaga, Y., Niwa, H., Nakama, I., Michitsuji, S., Ishizawa, M., Ohta, Y., Nakane, Y. & Takahashi, R. (1984) Correlation between CT findings of schizophrenics and their clinical symptoms., 2: Usinǵ discriminatory analysis and chi-square test. Folia Psychiatrica et Neurologia Japonica 38:179. [rREH, PF]Google Scholar

Underwood, G. (1979) Memory systems and conscious processes. In: Aspects of consciousness, ed. Underwood, G. & Stevens, R. G.. Academic Press. [HA]Google Scholar

Van Dijk, T. (1980) Macrostructures: An interdisciplinary study of global structures in discourse, interaction, and cognition. Erlbaum Associates. [taREH]Google Scholar

Venables, P. (1964) Input disturbances in schizophrenia. In: Progress in experimental personality research, ed. Maher, B. A.. Academic Press. [taREH]Google Scholar

Vygotsky, L. S. (1932) Thought in schizophrenia. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry 31:1063–77. [taREH]Google Scholar

Vygotsky, L. S. (1962) Thought and language. Ed. & trans. Hanfmann, E. & Vakar, G.. MIT Press. [taREH, GZ]Google Scholar

Vygotsky, L. S. (1978) Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press. [taREH, GZ]Google Scholar

Wakeling, A. (1985) Neurobiological aspects of feeding disorders. Journal of Psychiatric Research 19:191–201. [SS]Google Scholar

West, D. J. (1948) A mass observation questionnaire on hallucinations. Journal of the Society Psychical Research 34:187–96. [RPB]Google Scholar

West, L. J., ed. (1962) Hallucinations. Grune & Stratton. [RPB]Google Scholar

Wilensky, R. (1983) Planning and understanding. Addison-Wesley. [taREH]Google Scholar

Wing, J. K., Cooper, J. E. & Sartorius, N. (1974) The measurement and classification of psychiatric symptoms. Cambridge University Press. [PF]Google Scholar

Winters, K. C. & Neale, J. M. (1983) Delusions and delusional thinking in psychotics: A review of the literature. Clinical Psychology Review 3:227–53. [taREH]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Wise, R. A. (1982) Neuroleptics and operant behavior: The anhedonia hypothesis. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5:39–87. [taREH]Google Scholar

Wittgenstein, L. (1953) Philosophical investigations, trans. Anscombe, G. E. M.. Macmillan. [rREH, MB, RPB]Google Scholar

Wittgenstein, L. (1980) Remarks on the philosophy of psychology, ed. von Wright, G. H. & Nyman, H.. University of Chicago Press. [taREH]Google Scholar

Wittgenstein, L. (1982) Last writings on the philosophy of psychology, vol. 1. University of Chicago Press. [KAA]Google Scholar

World Health Organisation (1975) Schizophrenia: A multinational study. W.H.O. [RPB]Google Scholar

Wykes, T. (1980) Language and schizophrenia. Psychological Medicine 10:403–6. [taREH]Google Scholar

Yates, A. J. (1966) Data-processing levels and thought disorder in schizophrenia. Australian Journal of Psychology 18:103–17. [BRR]Google Scholar

Young, H. F., Bentall, R. P., Slade, P. D. & Dewey, M. E. (in press) The role of brief instructions and suggestibility in the elicitation of auditory and visual hallucinations in normal and psychiatric subjects. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. [RPB]Google Scholar

Zajonc, R. B. (1980). Feeling and thinking: Preferences need no inferences. American Psychologist 35:151–75. [PFG]Google Scholar

Zarlock, S. P. (1966) Social expectations, language, and schizophrenia. Journal of Humanistic Psychology 6:68–74. [taREH]Google Scholar

Zigler, E. & Phillips, L. (1961) Psychiatric diagnosis and symptomatology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 63:69–75. [SS]Google Scholar

Zivin, G., ed. (1979) The development of self-regulation through private speech. John Wiley. [taREH, GZ]Google Scholar