Adams, A. & Bullock, D. (1986) Apprenticeship in word use: Social convergence processes in learning categorically related nouns. In: The development of word meaning, ed. Kuczaj, S. A. & Barrett, M. D.. Springer-Veriag. {DB}Google Scholar

Adams, K. M., Brown, G. G. & Grant, I. (1985) Analysis of covariance as a remedy for demographic mismatch of research subject groups: Some sobering simulations. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 7: 445–62. {DVC}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Alberch, P. (1983) Mapping genes to phenotypes, or the rules that generate form. Evolution 37: 861–63. {DAC}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

American, Psychiatric Association (1980) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 3d ed. American Psychiatric Association. {PM}Google Scholar

Anastasi, A. (1958) Heredity, environment, and the question “How?” Psychological Review 65: 197–208. {JH}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Areen, J. (1985) Case material on family law. Foundation Press. {PHS}Google Scholar

Atkinson, B. G., & Walden, D. B., eds. (1985) Changes in eukaryotic gene expression in response to environmental stress. Academic Press. {aDW}Google Scholar

Baker, B. O., Hardyck, C. D. & Petrinovich, L. F. (1966) Weak measurements vs. strong statistics: An empirical critique of S. S. Stevens’s proscriptions on statistics. Educational and Psychological Measurements 26: 291–309. {DAC}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bates, D. M., & Watts, D. G. (1988) Nonlinear regression analysis and its applications. Wiley. {CG}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bateson, P. (1987) Biological approaches to the study of behavioral development. International Journal of Behavioral Development 10: 1–22. {aDW, PM}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bateson, P. & D’Udine, B. (1986) Exploration in two inbred strains of mice and their hybrids: Additive and interactive models of gene expression. Animal Behaviour 34: 1026–32. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bauer, S. J., & Sokolowski, M. B. (1985) A genetic analysis of path length and pupation height in a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster. Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 27: 334–40. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Beardsley, T. (1988) Developmental dialectics. Scientific American 259(Nov.):40–41. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bebbington, P. E., Brugha, T., MacCarthy, B., Potter, J., Sturt, E., Wykes, T., Katz, R. & McGuffin, P. (1988) The Camberwell collaborative depression study. 1. Depressed probands: Adversity and the form of depression. British Journal of Psychiatry 152: 754–65. {PM}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bebbington, P. E., Hurry, J., Tennant, C., Sturat, E. & Wing, J. K. (1981) Epidemiology of mental disorders in Camberwell. Psychological Medicine 11: 561–79. {PM}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bellward, K. & Dauncey, M. J. (1988) Behavioural energy regulation in lean and genetically obese (ob/oh) mice. Physiology and Behavior 42: 433–38. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Benkel, B. F., & Hickey, D. A. (1987) A Drosophila gene is subject to glucose repression. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 84: 1337–39. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Berger, J. O., & Berry, D. A. (1988) Statistical analysis and the illusion of objectivity. American Scientist 76: 159–65. {rDW}Google Scholar

Bignami, G. & Bovet, D. (1965) Experience de selection par rapport a une reaction conditionnee d’evitement chez le rat. Comptes Rendus de I’Academie de Science 260: 1239–44. {H-PL}Google Scholar

Billings-Gagliardi, S. & Wolf, M. K. (1988) Shiverer*jimpy double mutant mice. IV. Five combinations of allelic mutations produce three morphological phenotypes. Brain Research 455: 271–82. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Blau, H. M., Pavlath, G. K., Hardeman, E. C., Chiu, C-P., Silberstein, L., Webster, S. G., Miller, S. C. & Webster, C. (1985) Plasticity of the differential state. Science 230: 758–66. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bolles, R. C. (1988) Why you should avoid statistics. Biological Psychiatry 23: 79–85. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Boneau, C. A. (1960) The effect of violations of assumptions underlying the T test. Psychological Bulletin 57: 49–64. {DAC}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bookstein, F. L. (1987) Describing a craniofacial anomaly: Finite elements and the biometrics of landmark locations. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 74: 495–509. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bouchard, T. J., & McGue, M. (1981) Familial studies of intelligence: A review. Science 212: 1055–58. Tabulation sheets and lists of “Papers included” and “Papers excluded” (unpublished). {RMD}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bovet, D., Bovet-Nitti, F. & Oliverio, A. (1969) Genetic aspects of memory and learning in mice. Science 163: 139–49. {H-PL}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bowers, K. E. (1973) Situationism in psychology: A critique. Psychological Review 80: 307–36. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Box, G. E. P. (1953) Non-normality and tests on variance. Biometrika 40: 318–35. {{DAC}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1954) Some theorems on quadratic forms applied in the study of analysis of variance problems. I. Effect of inequality of variance in the one-way classification. Annals of Mathematical Statistics 25: 290–302. {DAC}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Box, G. E. P., & Cox, D. R. (1964) An analysis of transformations. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B 26: 211–43. {aDW}Google Scholar

Box, G. E. P., Hunter, W. G. & Hunter, J. S. (1978) Statistics for Experimenters. John Wiley. {CG}Google Scholar

Broadhurst, P. L., Fulker, D. W. & Wilcock, J. (1974) Behavioral genetics. Annual Review of Psychology 25: 389–415. {JH}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Brockington, I. F., Kendell, R. E. & Leff, J. P. (1978) Definitions of schizophrenia: Concordance and prediction of outcome. Psychological Medicine 8: 387–98. {PM}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Brush, F. R., Baron, S., Froehlich, J. C, Ison, J. R., Pellegrino, L. J., Phillips Sakellaris, P. C. & Williams, V. N. (1985) Genetic differences in avoidance learning by Rattus norvegicus: Escape/avoidance responding, sensitivity to electric shock, discrimination learning, and open-field behavior. Journal of Comparative Psychology 99: 60–73. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bullock, D. (1987) Socializing the theory of intellectual development. In: Meaning and the growth of understanding, ed. Chapman, M. & Dixon, R. A.. Springer-Verlag. {DB}Google Scholar

Bulman-Fleming, B. & Wahlsten, D. (1988) Effects of a hybrid maternal environment on brain growth and corpus collosum defects of inbred BALB/c mice: A study using ovarian grafting. Experimental Neurology 99: 636–46. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Byerley, W., Mellon, C, O’Connell, P., Laloul, J.-M., Nakamura, Y., Leppert, M. & White, R. (1989) Mapping genes for manic-depression and schizophrenia with DNA markers. TINS 12: 46–48. {H-PL}Google ScholarPubMed

Capron, C. & Duyme, M. (1989). Assessment of effects of socio-economic status on IQ in a full cross-fostering study. Nature 340: 552–54. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Carlier, M. & Nosten, M. (1987) Interaction between genotype and pre- or postnatal maternal environments: Examples from behaviors observed in inbred strains of mice. In: Functional teratogenesis functional effects on the offspring after parental drug exposure, ed. Fujii, T. & Adams, P. M.. Teikyo University Press. {aDW, MC}Google Scholar

Carlier, ML, Nosten-Bertrand, M. & Michard-Vahnee, C. (in press) The separation of genetic from maternal effects. In: Techniques for the genetic analysis of brain and behavior: Focus on the mouse, ed. D. Goldowitz, D. Wahlsten & R. Wimer. Elsevier. {MC}Google Scholar

Carlier, M. & Roubertoux, P. L. (1986) Le developpement des comportements: Effet des interactions entre le genotype et l’environment maternel. Confrontations Psychiatriques 27: 63–88. {MC}Google Scholar

Carlier, M., Roubertoux, P. L. & Cohen-Salmon, C. (1983) Early development in mice I. Genotype and postnatal maternal effects. Physiology and Behavior 30: 837–44. {MC}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Carroll, R. J., & Ruppert, D. (1988) Transformation and weighting in regression. Chapman & Hall. {CG}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Carroll, S. B., Winslow, G. M., Schupbach, T. & Scott, M. P.I Maternal control of Drosophila segmentation gene expression. Nature 323: 278–80. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Carter, C. O. (1977) Letter. Nature 266: 279. {RMD}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Castro, C. A., & Rudy, J. W. (1989) Early-life malnutrition impairs the performance of both young and adult rats on visual discrimination learning tasks. Developmental Psychobiology 22: 15–28. {DAC}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. (1974) The role of plasticity in biological and cultural evolution. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 231: 43–59. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Cavalli-Sforza, L. L., & Feldman, M. W. (1973) Cultural versus biological inheritance: Phenotypic transmission from parents to children (A theory of the effect of parental phenotypes on children’s phenotypes). American Journal of Human Genetics 25: 618–37. {aDW}Google ScholarPubMed

Chauvin, R. (1977) Ethology: The biological study of animal behavior, translation. International Universities Press. {DAC}Google Scholar

Cheverad, J. (1984) Quantitative genetics and developmental constraints on evolution by selection. Journal of Theoretical Biology 110: 155–72. {JMC}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Cheverud, J. (1988). The evolution of genetic correlation and developmental constraints. In: Population genetics and evolution, ed. Jong, G. de. Springer-Verlag. {JMC}Google Scholar

Cohen, J. (1962) The statistical power of abnormal-social psychological research: A review. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 65: 145–53. {SEM}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

(1977) Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, revised edition. Academic Press. {aDW, SEM}Google Scholar

(1978) Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, 2d ed. Erlbaum. {rDW}Google Scholar

Cohen, J. & Cohen, P. (1975) Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. Wiley. {RMD}Google Scholar

(1983) Applied multiple regression: Correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences, 2d. ed. Erlbaum. {RP}Google Scholar

Cole, W. A., & Trasler, D. G. (1980) Gene-teratogen interaction in insulin-induced mouse exencephaly. Teratology 22: 125–39. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Coleman, D. L. (1981) Inherited obesity-diabetes syndromes in the mouse. In: Mammalian Genetics and Cancer, ed. Russell, E. S. & Schull, E.. Alan R. Liss. {rDW}Google Scholar

Collins, R L. (1979) Selective breeding for the degree of functional lateralization in mice. Behavior Genetics 9: 443–44. {H-PL}Google Scholar

Cooper, R. M., & Zubek, J. P. (1958) Effects of enriched and restricte d early environments on the learning ability of brigh t and dull rats. Canadian Journal of Psychology 12: 159–64. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Crabbe, J. C, Deutsch, C. M., Tarn, B. R. & Young, E. R. (1988) Environmental variables differentially affect ethanol-stimulated activity in selectively bred mouse lines. Psychopharmacology 95: 103–08. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Crabbe, J. C, Rigter, H. & Kerbusch, S. (1982) Analysis of behavioural responses to an ACTH analog in CXB/By recombinant inbred mice. Behavioural Brain Research 4: 289–314. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Cronbach, L. J., & Snow, R. E. (1975) Aptitudes and instructional methods: A handbook for research on interactions. Irvington. {DKD}Google Scholar

(1977) Aptitudes and instructional methods: A handbook for research on interactions. Irvington. {SEM}Google Scholar

Crouse, J. & Trusheim, D. (1988) The case against the SAT. University of Chicago Press. {PHS}Google Scholar

Crusio, W. E. (in press) Quantitative genetics. In: Techniques for the genetic analysis of brain and behavior: Focus on the mouse, ed. D. Goldowitz, D. Wahlsten & R. E. Wimer. Elsevier. {aDW, WEC}Google Scholar

Crusio, W. E., Schwegler, H. & van Abeelen, J. H. F. (1989) Behavioural responses to novelty and structural variation of the hippocampus in mice. II. Multivariate genetic analysis. Behavioural Brain Research 32: 81–88. {WEC}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Darlington, R. B. (1968) Multiple regression in psychological research and practice. Psychological Bulletin 69: 161–82. {RMD}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Davidson, E. H. (1987) Understanding embryonic development: A contemporary view. American Zoologist 27: 581–91. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Davison, M. L., & Sharma, A. R. (1988) Parametric statistics and levels of measurement. Psychological Bulletin 104: 137–44. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Debray, Q., Caillard, V. & Stewart, J. (1979) Schizophrenia: A study of genetic models. Human Heredity 29: 27–36. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

DeFries, J. C. (1979) Comment. Theoretical advances in behavior genetics, ed. Royce, J. R. & Mos, L. P.. Sijthoff & Noordhoff. {RP}Google Scholar

DeFries, J. C., & Plomin, R. (1978) Behavioral genetics. Annual Review of Psychology 29: 473–515. {JH}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

DeFries, J. C, Wilson, J. R. & McCleam, G. E. (1970) Open-field behavior in mice: Selection response and situational generality. Behavior Genetics 1(3):195–211. {H-PL}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Denenberg, V. H. (1977) Interactional effects in early experience research. In: Genetics, environment and intelligence, ed. Oliverio, A.. Elsevier/North Holland Biomedica! Press. {aDW}Google Scholar

Detterman, D. K. (1989) The future of intelligence research. Intelligence 13(3) 199–204. {DKD}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Dodson, S. (1989) Predator-induced reaction norms. BioScience 39: 447–52. {AJVN}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Donaldson, T. S. (1968) Robustness of the F-test to errors of both kinds and the correlation between the numerator and denominator of the F-ratio. Journal of the American Statistical Association 63: 660–76. {DAC}Google Scholar

Donovick, P. J., & Burright, R. G. (1984) Roots to the future: Gene-environment coaction and individual vulnerability to neural insult. In: Early brain damage, vol. 2, Neurobiology and behavior, ed. Finger, S. & Almli, C. R.. Academic Press. {rDW}Google Scholar

Dunn, O. J., & Clark, V. A. (1974) Applied Statistics: Analysis of variance and regression. Wiley. {aDW}Google Scholar

Easter, S. S. Jr., Purves, D., Rakic, P. & Spitzer, N. C. (1985) The changing view of neural specificity. Science 230: 507–11. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Eaves, L. J., Last, K., Martin, N. G. & Jinks, J. L. (1977) A progressive approach to noe-additivity and genotype-environmental covariance in the analysis of human differences. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology 30: 1–42. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Edwards, A. L. (1979) Multiple regression and the analysis of variance. Freeman. {aDW}Google Scholar

(1985) Experimental design in psychological research. Harper & Row. {DAC}Google Scholar

Emerson, J. D., & Hoaglin, D. C. (1983) Analysis of two-way tables by medians, In: Understanding robust and exploratory data analysis. Wiley. {CG}Google Scholar

Emerson, J. D., & Stoto, M. A. (1983) Transforming data, In: Understanding robust and exploratory data analysis. Wiley. {CG}Google Scholar

Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L. (1972) Genotype-environment interaction s and the variability of behavior. In: Genetics, environment, and behavior, ed. Ehrman, L., Omenn, G. S. & Caspari, E.. Academic Press. {arDW}Google Scholar

Eysenck, H. J. (1973) The measurement of intelligence. Williams and Willdns. {PHS}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ewens, W. J. (1979) Mathematical population genetics. Springer. {RMD}Google Scholar

Ezekiel, M. & Fox, K. A. (1959) Methods of correlation and regression analysis, 3d ed. Wiley. {GMH}Google Scholar

Falconer, D. (1981) Introduction to quantitative genetics. Longman Press. {JMC, CJG, rDW}Google Scholar

Fancher, R. E. (1985) The intelligence men: Makers of the IQ controversy. Norton. {aDW}Google Scholar

Farber, S. L. (1981) Identical twins reared apart. Basic Books. {RMD}Google Scholar

Farmer, A. E., McGuffin, P. & Gottesman, I. I. (1987) Scrutinising the validity of the definition. Archives of General Psychiatry 44: 634–41. {PM}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Feingold, A. (1988) Cognitive gender differences are disappearing. American Psychologist 43: 95–103. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Finlay, B. M., Wikler, K. C. & Sengelaub, D. R. (1987) Regressive events in brain development and scenarios for vertebrate brain evolution. Brain, Behavior and Evolution 30: 102–17. {H-PL}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Fisher, R. (1918) The correlation between relatives on the supposition of Mendelian inheritance. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 52: 399–433. {JMC}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Fisher, R. A. (1930) The genetical theory of natural selection. Clarendon Press. {JFC}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1951) Limit s to intensive production in animals. British Agricultural Bulletin 4: 217–18. {JH}Google Scholar

(1958) The genetical theory of natural selection, 2d ed.Dover. {CJG}Google Scholar

Fisher, R. A., & Mackenzie, W. A. (1923) Studies in crop variation. II. The manurial responses of different potato varieties. Journal of Agricultural Science 13: 311–20. {aDW, RMD, OK}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Flechsig, P. (1920) Anatomie des menschlichen Gehirns und Ruckenmarks auf myelogenetischer Grundage. Bd. 1, I Teil. Georg Thiem. {H-PL}Google Scholar

Flynn, J. R. (1987) Massive IQ gains in 14 nations: What IQ tests really measure. Psychological Bulletin 101: 343–62. {PHS}Google Scholar

Fox, J. (1984) Linear statistical models and related methods, with applications to social research. Wiley. {CG}Google Scholar

Freeman, G. H. (1973) Statistical methods for the analysis of genotype-environment interactions. Heredity 31: 339–54. {aDW, RMD}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

French, J. W. (1951) The description of aptitud e and achievement tests in terms of rotated factors. Psychometric monographs, No. 5. University of Chicago Press. {PHS}Google Scholar

Frigeri, L. G., Wolff, G. L. & Teguh, C. (1988) Differential responses of yellow A^vy/A and agouti Ala (BALB/c X VY) ^¥1 hybrid mice to the same diets: Glucose tolerance, weight gain, and adipocyte cellularity. International Journal of Obesity 12: 305–20. {rDW}Google Scholar

Fulker, D. W. (1970) Maternal buffering of rodent genotype responses to stress: A complex genotype-environment interaction. Behavior Genetics 1: 119–124. {GMH}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Fuller, J. L. (1960) Behavior genetics. Annual Review of Psychology 11: 41–70. {JH}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1979) Comment. In: Theoretical advances in behavior genetics, ed. Royce, J. R. & Mos, L. P.. Sijthoff & Noordhoff. {NDH}Google Scholar

Fuller, J. L., & Thompson, W. R. (1978) Foundations of behavior genetics. Mosby. {aDW}Google Scholar

Futuyma, D. J. (1986) Evolutionary biology. Sinauer Associates, Inc. {DAC}Google ScholarPubMed

Gaito, J. (1980) Measuremen t scales and statistics: Resurgence of an old misconception. Psychological Bulletin 87: 564–67. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gardinier, M. V., & Macklin, W. B. (1988) Myelin proteolipid protein gene expression in jimpy and jimpy ^msd mice. Journal of Neurochemistry 51: 360–69. {rDW}Google ScholarPubMed

Garner, D. M., & Garfinkel, P. E. (1979). The eating attitude test: An index of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa. Psychological Medicine 9: 273–80. {PM}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Gerhart, J. C. (1982) The cellular basis of morphogenetic change. Group report. In: Evolution and development, ed. Bonner, J. T.. Springer-Verlag. {aDW}Google Scholar

Geweke, J. F., & Singleton, K. J. (1980) Interpreting the likelihood ratio test in factor models when sample size is small. Journal of the American Statistical Association 75: 133–37. {PHS}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ginsburg, B. E. (1967) Genetic parameters in behavioral research. In: Behavior-genetic analysis, ed. Hirsch, J.. McGraw-Hill. {rDW}Google Scholar

Ginsburg, B. & Allee, W. C. (1942) Some effects of conditioning on social dominance and subordination in inbred strains of mice. Physiological Zoology 15: 485–506. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Glashow, S. (1988) Tangled in superstring: Some thoughts on the predicamen t physics is in. The Sciences May/June:22–25. {HN}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gleick, J. (1987) Chaos. Viking Press. {rDW}Google Scholar

Goldberger, A. S. (1973) Structural equation models: An overview. In: Structural equation models in the social sciences, ed. Goldberger, A. S. & Duncan, O. D.. Seminar Press. {GMH}Google Scholar

(1978) The nonresolution of IQ inheritance by path analysis. American Journal of Human Genetics 39: 442–45. {rDW}Google Scholar

Gollin, E. S. (1965) A developmental approach to learning and cognition. In: Advances in child development and behavior, vol. 2, ed. Lipsitt, L. P. & Spiker, C. C.. Academic Press. {DAC}Google Scholar

(1985) Ontogeny, phylogeny, and causality. In: The comparative development of adaptive skills: Evolutionary implications, ed. Gollin, E. S.. Erlbaum. {DAC}Google Scholar

Goodall, G. & Guastavino, J.-M. (1986) The neurological mutant: Scope and limitations as a tool for the genetic analysis of behaviour. In: Genetic approaches to behaviour, ed. Medioni, J. & Vaysse, G.. I.E.G. {aDW}Google Scholar

Goodlett, C. R., Gilliam, D. M. & West, J. R. (1987) Differential susceptibility of long-sleep (LS) and short-sleep (SS) mice to brain weight reduction following prenatal alcohol exposure. Poster presented at the Behavior Genetics Association annual meeting. Minneapolis, June 25. {rDW}Google Scholar

Gottesman, I. I., & Shields, J. (1982) Schizophrenia: The epigenetic puzzle. Cambridge University Press. {PM}Google Scholar

Gould, S. J. (1981) The mismeasure of man. Norton. {CG}Google Scholar

Graf, S. A. (1987) The rover/sitter Drosophila foraging polymorphism as a function of larval development and food availability. Paper presented at the Behavior Genetics Association annual meeting, Minneapolis, June 25. {rDW}Google Scholar

Grebogi, C., Ott, E. & Yorke, J. A. (1987) Chaos, strange attractors, and fractal basin boundaries in nonlinear dynamics. Science 238: 632–38. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Greene, E. (1989) A diet-induced developmental polymorphism in a caterpillar. Science 243: 643–46. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gregorious, H.-R., & Namkoong, G. (1987) Resolving the dilemmas of interaction, separability, and additivity. Mathematical Biosciences 85: 51–69. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Grosser, M. (1979) The discovery of Neptune. Dover. {rDW}Google Scholar

Gupta, A. P., & Lewontin, R. C. (1982) A study of reaction norms in natural populations of Drosophila pseudo obscure. Evolution 36: 934–38. {DAC}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Guastavino, J.-M. (1988) Ethogenèse de la souris mutante staggerer, facteurs epigenetiques et recuperations fonctionelles. Thèse de doctoral d’État des Sciences, presenteé a L’Université Paris-Nord. {rDW}Google Scholar

Guttman, L. (1986) The irrelevance of factor analysis for the study of group differences. Submitted to Behavioral and Brain Sciences. {PHS}Google Scholar

Gutzke, W. H. N., & Crews, D. (1988) Embryonic temperatur e determines adult sexuality in a reptile. Nature 332: 832–34. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Haavelmo, T. (1943) The statistical implications of a system of simultaneous equations. Econometrica 11: 1–12. {GMH}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1944) The probability approach in econometrics. Econometrica 12, supplement. {GMH}Google Scholar

Haldane, J. B. S. (1946) The interaction of nature and nurture. Annals of Eugenics 13: 197–205. {JH}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hamad, S. (1989) Publication bias: What is its magnitude and nature? Talk delivered at the First International Congress on Peer Review in Biomedical Publication. Chicago, May 10/12, 1989. {PHS}Google Scholar

Harrington, G. M. (1988) Two forms of minority-group test bias as psychometric artifacts with an animal model (Rattus norvegicus). Journal of Comparative Psychology 102: 400–7. {JH}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hays, W. L. (1988) Statistics. 4th ed. Holt, Rinehart & Winston. {aDW}Google Scholar

Heath, A. C, Berg, K., Eaves, L. J.., Solaas, M. H., Corey, L. A., Sundet, J., Magnus, P. & Nance, W. E. (1985) Educational policy and the heritability of educational attainment. Nature 314: 734–36. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hegmann, J. P., & Possidente, B. (1981) Estimating geneti c correlations from inbred strains. Behavior Genetics 11: 103–114. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Heikkila, J. J., Browder, L. W., Gedamu, L., Nickeils, R. W. & Schultz, G. A. (1986) Heat-shock gene expression in animal embryonic systems. Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 28: 1093–1105. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Henderson, N. D. (1967) Prior treatment effects on open field behaviour of mice: A genetic analysis. Animal Behaviour 15: 364–76. {RP}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

(1968) The confounding effects of genetic variables in early experience research: Can we ignore them? Developmental Psychohiology 1: 146–52. {NDH}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1970) Genetic influences on the behavior of mice can be obscured by laboratory rearing. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 73: 505–11. {RP}Google Scholar

(1972) Relative effects of early rearing environment on discrimination learning in house mice. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 79: 243–53. {RP}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1979a) Adaptive significance of animal behavior: The role of gene-environment interaction. In: Theoretical advances in behavior genetics, ed. Royce, J. R. & Mos, L. P.. Sijthoff & Noordhoff. {aDW}Google Scholar

(1979b) Reply to comments. In: Theoretical advances in behavior genetics, ed. Royce, J. R. & Mos, L. P.. Sijthoff & Noordhoff. {NDH}Google Scholar

(1982) Human behavior genetics. Annual Review of Psychology 33: 403–40. {arDW, JH, PM}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1986) Predicting relationships between psychological constructs and genetic characters: An analysis of changing genetic influences on activity in mice. Behavior Genetics 16: 201–20. {NDH, RP}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Henry, K. R. (1986) Audiogenic seizures in relation to genetically and experimentally produced cochlear pathology. In: Perspectives in behavior genetics, ed. Fuller, J. L. & Simmel, E. C.. Erlbaum. {aDW}Google Scholar

Heth, C. D., Pierce, W. D., Belke, T. W. & Hensch, S. A. (1989) The effect of logarithmic transformation on estimating the parameters of the generalized matching law. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 52: 65–76. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hewitt, J. K., Eaves, L. J., Neale, M. C. & Meyer, J. M. (1988) Resolving causes of developmental continuity of “tracking.” I. Longitudinal twin studies during growth. Behavior Genetics 18: 133–51. {NDH}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hill, W. G. (1970) Design of experiments to estimate heritability by regression of offspring on selected parents. Biometrics 26: 565–71. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hirsch, J. (1981) To “unfrock the charlatans.” Sage Race Relations Abstracts 6(2):1–65. {JH, PSH, rDW}Google Scholar

(1970) Behavior-genetic analysis and its biosocial consequences. Seminars in Psychiatry 2: 89–105. {JH}Google Scholar

Ho, M.-W., & Fox, S. W., eds. (1988) Evolutionary processes and metaphors. Wiley. {rDW}Google Scholar

Hoaglin, D. C, Hosteller, F. & Tukey, J. W. ed. (1983) Understanding robust and exploratory data analysis. Wiley. {CG}Google Scholar

(1985) Exploring data tables, trends, and shapes. Wiley. {CG}Google Scholar

Hogben, L. (1939) Nature and nurture. W. W. Norton & Co., Inc. (Originally published 1933.) {JH}Google Scholar

(1951) The formal logic of the nature-nurture issue, Ada Genetica et Statistica Medica 2: 101–40. {JH}Google Scholar

Holland, A. J., Sicotte, N. & Treasure, J. (1988) Anorexia nervosa: Evidence for a genetic basis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 32: 561–71. {PM}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Horn, J. M., Loehlin, J. C. & Willerman, L. (1979) Intellectual resemblance among adoptive and biological relatives: The Texas adoption project. Behavior Genetics 9: 177–207. {RMD}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hull, C. L. (1945) The place of innate individual and species differences in a natural-science theory of behavior. Psychological Review 52: 55–60. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Huxley, J. (1932) Problems of Relative Growth. Dover Press. {JMC}Google Scholar

Hyde, J. S. (1973) Genetic homeostasis and behavior: Analysis, data, and theory. Behavior Genetics 3: 233–45. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

(1981) How large are cognitive gender differences? American Psychologist 36: 892–901. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ingham, P. W. (1988) The molecular genetics of embryonic pattern formation in Drosophila. Nature 335: 25–34. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Jacquard, A. (1983) Heritability: One word, three concepts. Biometrics 39: 465–77. {RMD}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Jencks, C. N., Smith, M., Acland, H., Bane, M. J., Cohen, D., Gintis, H., Heyns, B. & Michelson, S. (1972) Inequality. Harper & Row. {RMD}Google Scholar

Jensen, A. R. (1980) Precis of bias and mental testing, with commentary. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3: 325–71. {CG}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Jinks, J. L., & Broadhurst, P. L. (1974) How to analyse the inheritance of behaviour in animals: The biometrical approach. In: The genetics of behavior, ed. van Abeelen, J. H. F.. North-Holland. {aDW}Google Scholar

Jinks, J. L., & Fulker, D. W. (1970) A comparison of th e biometrical genetical, MAVA, and classical approaches to the analysis of human behavior. Psychological Bulletin 73: 311–49. {aDW, NDH, JH, PHS}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Judd, C. M., & McClelland, G. H. (1989) Data analysis: A model-comparison approach. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. {SEM}Google Scholar

Kamin, L. J. (1974) The science and politics of IQ. Erlbaum. {RMD, PHS}Google Scholar

Katz, M. J. (1982) Ontogenetic mechanisms: The middle ground of evolution. In: Evolution and development, ed. Bonner, T. J.. Springer. {H-PL}Google Scholar

Katz, M. J., & Lasek, R. J. (1978) Evolution of the nervous system: Role of ontogenetic mechanisms in the evolution of matching populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 75: 1349–52. {H-PL}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Keightley, P. D. (1989) Models of quantitative variation of flux in metabolic pathways. Genetics 121: 869–976. {JFC}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kempthome, O. (1952) The design and analysis of experiments. Wiley. {aDW, OK}Google Scholar

(1957) An introduction to genetic statistics. Wiley. Reprinted 1969. Iowa State University Press. {OK}Google Scholar

(1978) Logical, epistemological and statistical aspects of nature-nurture data interpretation. Biometrics 34: 1–23. {OK}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kendell, R. E. (1982) The choice of diagnostic criteria for biological research. Archives of General Psychiatry 39: 1334–39. {PM}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kendler, K. S., & Eaves, L. J. (1986) Models for the joint effect of genotype and environment on liability to psychiatric illness. American Journal of Psychiatry 143: 279–89. {aDW}Google ScholarPubMed

Kennedy, J. L., Giuffra, L. A., Moises, H. W., Cavalli-Sforza, L. L., Pakstis, A. J., Kidd, J. R., Castiglione, C. M., Sjogren, B., Wetterberg, L. & Kidd, K. K. (1988) Evidence against linkage of schizophrenia to markers on chromosome 5 in a northern Swedish pedigree. Nature 336: 167–70. {H-PL}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kenny, D. A. (1987) Statistics for the social and behavioral sciences. Little, Brown. {SEM}Google Scholar

Kerner, A.-L., & Carson, J. H. (1986) Shiverer*jimpy double mutant mice. I. Biochemical evidence for reciprocal intergenic suppression. Brain Research 374: 45–53. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kevles, D. J. (1985) In the name of eugenics. Knopf. {aDW}Google Scholar

Killian, A. M. (1989) Playing dice with the solar system. Sky and Telescope 78 (Aug.): 136–40. {rDW}Google Scholar

Kinsley, C. & Svare, B. (1987) Genotype modulates prenatal stress effects on aggression in male and female mice. Behavioral and Neural Biology 47: 138–150. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Klein, D. C., & Yuwiler, A. (1973) P-adrenergic regulation of indole metabolism in the pineal gland. In: Frontiers in catecholamine research, ed. Usdin, E. & Snyder, S. H.. Pergamon Press. {aDW}Google Scholar

Koele, P. (1982) Calculating power in analysis of variance. Psychological Bulletin 92: 513–16. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kraemer, H. C., & Thiemann, S. (1987) How many subjects? Statistical power analysis in research. Sage. {aDW}Google Scholar

Kurnit, D. M., Layton, W. M. & Matthysse, S. (1987) Genetics, chance, and morphogenesis. American Journal of Human Genetics 41: 979–95. {rDW}Google ScholarPubMed

Kvålseth, T. O. (1985) Cautionary note about R². American Statistician 39: 279–85. {aDW}Google Scholar

Lachenbruch, P. A. (1988) A note on sample size computation s for testing interactions. Statistics in Medicine 7: 467–69. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Lamoreux, M. L., & Pendergast, P. (1987) Genetic controls over melanocyte differentiation: Interaction of agouti-locus and albino-locus genetic defects. The Journal of Experimental Zoology 243: 71–79. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Lande, R. (1976) Natural selection and random genetic drift in phenotypic evolution. Evolution 30: 314–34. {JMC}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

(1979) Quantitative genetic analysis of multivariate evolution, applied to brain: Body size allometry. Evolution 33: 402–17. {JMC}Google Scholar

Lassalle, J. M. (1986) Les interactions entre génotype et environment. Psychologic Françhise 31: 205–211. {aDW}Google Scholar

Lathrope, G. M., Lalouel, J. M. & Jacquard, A. (1984) Path analysis of family resemblance and gene-environment interaction. Biometrics 40: 611–625. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Layzer, D. (1974) Heritability analyses of IQ scores: Science or numerology? Science 183: 1259–66. {RMD}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Leahy, A. M. (1935) Nature-nurture and intelligence. Genetic Psychology Monographs 17(4):236–307. {RMD}Google Scholar

Lemke, G. (1988) Unwrapping the genes for myelin. Neuron 1: 535–43. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Le Roy, H. L. (1960a) Statistische methoden der populationsgenetik. Birkhauser. {RMD}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1960b) The interpretation of calculated heritability coefficients with regard to gene and environmental effects as well as to genotype-environment interactions. In: Biometrical genetics, ed. Kempthorne, O.. Pergamon. {RMD}Google Scholar

Levin, J. R. (1975) Determining sample size for planned and post hoc analysis of variance comparisons. Journal of Educational Measurement 12: 99–108. {SEM}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Levins, R. & Lewontin, R. (1985) The dialectical biologist. Harvard University Press. {aDW}Google Scholar

Lewontin, R. (1974) The analysis of variance and the analysis of causes. American Journal of Human Genetics 26: 400–411. {aDW, DAC}Google ScholarPubMed

(1982) Organism and environment. In: Learning, development, and culture, ed. Plotkin, H. C.. Wiley. {rDW}Google Scholar

Lichtenstein, G. (1977) Fund backs controversial study of ’racial betterment’. The New York Times, December 11, p. 1. {rDW}Google Scholar

Lindzey, G., Loehlin, J., Manosevitz, M. & Thiessen, D. (1971) Behavioral genetics. Annual Review of Psychology 22: 39–94. {JH}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Lipp, H.-P. (1979) Brain complexity enhances speed of behavioral evolution. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2: 42. {H-PL}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1989) Non-mental aspects of encephalisation: Th e forebrain as a playground of mammalian evolution. Human Evolution. {H-PL}Google Scholar

Lipp, H.-P., & Schwegler, H. (1982) Hippocampal mossy fibers and avoidance learning. In: Genetics of the Brain, ed. Lieblich, I.. Elsevier. {H-PL}Google Scholar

Lipp, H.-P., Schwegler, H., Crusio, W. E., Wolfer, D. P., Heimrich, B., Driscoll, P. & Leisinger-Trigona, M.-C. (1989) Using genetically defined rodent strains for the identification of hippocampal traits relevant for two-way avoidance learning: A noninvasive approach. Experientia 45: 845–59. {H-PL}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Lipp, H.-P, Schwegler, H., Heimrich, B. & Driscoli, P. (1988) Infrapyramidal mossy fibers and two-way avoidance learning: Developmental modification of hippocampai circuitry and adult behavior of rats and mice. The Journal of Neuroscience 8: 1905–21. {H-PL}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Loehlin, J. C, Willerman, L. & Horn, J. M. (1988) Human behavior genetics. Annual Review of Psychology 39: 101–33. {JH-rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Loevinger, J. (1943) On the proportional contributions of differences in nature and in nurture in differences in intelligence. Psychological Bulletin 40(10):725–56. {JH}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Lubin, A. (1961) The interpretation of significant interaction. Educational and Psychological Measurement 21: 807–817. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Lyon, M., Barr, C. E., Cannon, T. D., Mednick, S. A. & Shore, D. (1989) Fetal neural development and schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 15: 149–60. {H-PL}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Mackintosh, N. J. (1974) The psychology of animal learning. Academic Press. {aDW}Google Scholar

Maddox, J. (1984) Genetics and hereditable IQ. Nature 309: 579. {JH}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Magnusson, D. & Allen, V. L. (1983) An interactional perspective for human development. In: Human development: An international perspective, ed. Magnusson, D. & Allen, V. L.. Academic Press. {aDW}Google Scholar

Mandel, J. (1961) Non-additivity in two-way analysis of variance. American Statistical Association Journal 56: 878–88. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Marler, M. R. (1980) Likelihood ratio tests of hypotheses: Comments on Pitz’s article and some alternative procedures. Psychological Bulletin 87: 568–74. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Martin, N. G.Boomsma, D. I., Neale, M. C. (1989) Foreword. Special issue: Twin methodology using LISREL. Behavior Genetics 19: 5–7. {JH}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Martin, N. G., Eaves, L. J., Kearsey, M. J. & Davies, P. (1978) The power of the classical twin study. Heredity 40: 97–116. {NDH}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Masur, J. & Benedito, M. A. C. (1974) Genetic selection of winner and loser rats in a competitive situation. Nature 249: 284. {H-PL}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Mather, K. & Jinks, J. L. (1982) Biometrical genetics: The study of continuous variation. Chapman & Hall. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Maxwell, S. E., & Delaney, H. D. (1989) Designing experiments and analyzing data: A model comparison’s perspective. Wadsworth. {SEM}Google Scholar

May, R. W. (1960) Genetics and subversion. Nation, May 14, 420–2. {rDW}Google Scholar

McClearn, G. E., & Meredith, W. (1966) Behavioral genetics. Annual Review of Psychology 17: 515–20. {JH}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

McGue, M., Gottesman, I. I. & Rao, D. C. (1983) The transmission of schizophrenia under a multifactorial threshold model. American Journal of Human Genetics 35: 1161–78. {H-PL}Google Scholar

(1985) Resolving genetic models for the transmission of schizophrenia. Genetic Epidemiology 2: 99–110. {PM}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

McGuffin, P., Farmer, A. E., Gottesman, I. I., Murray, R. M. & Reveley, A. M. (1984) Twin concordance for operationally defined schizophrenia: Confirmation of familiality and heritability. Archives of General Psychiatry 4: 1541–45. {PM}Google Scholar

McGuffin, P., Katz, R. & Aldrich, J. (1986) Past and present state examination: The assessment of “lifetime ever” psychopathology. Psychological Medicine 16: 461–65. {PM}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

McGuffin, P., Katz, R. & Bebbington, P. (1988) The Camberwell collaborative depression study III. Depression and adversity in the relatives of depressed probands. British Journal of Psychiatry 152: 775–82. {PM}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

McGuire, T. R., & Hirsch, J. (1977) General intelligence (g) and heritability (H ², h²). In: The structuring of experience, ed. Uzgiris, I. C. & Weizmann, F.. Plenum. {aDW, JH}Google Scholar

Meehl, Paul E. (1978) Theoretical risks and tabular asterisks: Sir Karl, Sir Ronald, and the slow progress of soft psychology. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 46: 806–34. {JH}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Moisset, B. (1977) Factors contributing to the modulation of norepinephrin e uptake by synaptosomes from mouse brain cortex. Brain Research 121: 113–20. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Moran, P. A. P. (1968) An introduction to probability theory. Clarendon Press. {JFC}Google Scholar

Nanney, D. L. (1986) Eugenics and human heredity. The Journal of Heredity 77: 481–82. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Nave, K.-A., Bloom, F. E. & Milner, R. J. (1987) A single nucleotide difference in the gene for myelin proteolipid protein defines the jimpy mutation in mouse. Journal of Neurochemistry 49: 1873–77. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Newman, H. H., Freeman, F. N. & Holzinger, K. J. (1937) Twins: A study of heredity and environment. University of Chicago Press. {RMD, PHS}Google Scholar

Neyman, J. (1935) Comments on Mr. Yates’ paper. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Supplement 2: 235–41. {aDW, OK}Google Scholar

Nordskog, A. W. (1977) Success and failure of quantitative genetic theory in poultry. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Quantitative Genetics, ed. Pollak, E., Kempthorne, O. & Bailey, T. B. Jr. Iowa State University Press. {rDW}Google Scholar

Norton, D. W. (1952) An empirical investigation of some effects of non-normality and heterogeneity of the F-distribution. Doctoral dissertation, State University of Iowa. {DAC}Google Scholar

Nosten, M. (1989) Early development in mice VI. Additive and interactive effects of offspring genotype and maternal environments. Physiology and Behavior 45: 955–61. {MC}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Nosten, M. & Roubertoux, P. L. (1988) Uterine and cytoplasmi c effects on pup eyelid opening in two inbred strains of mice. Physiology and Behavior 43: 167–71. {MC}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Nyborg, H. (1977) The rod-and-frame test and the field dependence dimension: Some methodological, conceptual, and developmental considerations. Dansk Psykologisk Forlag. {HN}Google Scholar

(1983) Spatial ability in men and women: Review and new theory. Advances in Behavior Research and Therapy (Monograph Series) 5(whole no. 2):89–140. {HN}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1984) Performance and intelligence in hormonally-different groups. In: Sex differences in the brain: The relation between structure and function, ed. De Vries, G. J., de Bruin, J. P. C., Uylings, H. B. M. & Corner, M. A.. Progress in Brain Research, vol. 61. Elsevier Biomedical Press. {HN}Google Scholar

(1987) Individual differences or different individuals? That is the question. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10: 34–35. {HN}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1988) Mathematics, sex hormones, and brain function. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 11: 206–7. {HN}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1989) Sex hormones, brain development, and spatio-perceptual strategies in women with Turner’s syndrome and in school girls. In: Sex chromosome abnormalities and behavior: Psychological studies, ed. Bender, B. & Berch, D.. Westview Press. {HN}Google Scholar

(submitted a) Sex, body, mind, and society: A physicological approach. {HN}Google Scholar

(submitted b) Nonlinear harmonization of body, brain, and intellectual development: A model, a theory, and a research program. {HN}Google Scholar

Nyborg, H. & Boeggild, C. (1989) Origin of individual and sex differences in body and ability. Paper presented at the fourth meeting of the International Society for the Study of Individual Differences. Federal Republic of Germany, June 22–25. {HN}Google Scholar

Oliverio, A., Eleftheriou, B. E. & Bailey, D. W. (1973) Exploratory activity: Genetic analysis of its modification by scopolamine and amphetamine. Physiology and Behavior 10: 893–99. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Oyama, S. (1985) The ontogeny of information. Cambridge University Press. {aDW, DB}Google Scholar

(1988) Reply to Robert Plomin’s review of The ontogeny of information. Developmental Psychohiology 21: 97–100. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Palmer, A. R., & Strobeck, C. (1986) Fluctuating asymmetry: Measurement, analysis, patterns. Annual Review of Ecology and systematics 17: 391–421. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Parsons, P. A. (1988) Behavior, stress and variability. Behavior Genetics 18: 293–308. {NDH}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Pearson, K. A. (1930) Tables for statisticians and biometricians. Cambridge University Press. {GMH}Google Scholar

Peeler, D. F. (1986) Circadian variations in activity of neuroanatomically distinct recombinant inbred mice as a function of genetic and measurement variables. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 12: 1069. {rDW}Google Scholar

Peeler, D. F., & Nowakowski, R. S. (1987) Active avoidance performance in genetically defined mice. Behavioral and Neural Biology 48: 83–89. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Perkins, J. M., & Jinks, J. L. (1973) The assessment and specificity of environmental and genotype-environmental components of variability. Heredity 30: 111–126. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Peters, D. P., & Ceci, S. J. (1982) Peer review practices of psychological journals: The fate of articles, submitted again. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5: 187–255. {PHS}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Phillips, K., Fulker, D. W. & Rose, R. J. (1987) Path analysis of seven fear factors in adult twin and sibling pairs and their parents. Genetic Epidemiology 4: 345–55. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Pike, W. L. (1978) Short-term instruction, test-wiseness, and the Scholastic Aptitude Test. College Entrance Examination Board. {PHS}Google Scholar

Platt, S. A., & Sanislow, C. A. III, (1988) The norm-of-reaction: Definition and misinterpretation of animal research. Journal of Comparative Psychology 102: 254–61. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Plomin, R. (1983) Developmental behavior genetics. Child Development 54: 253–59. {RMD}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1986) Development, genetics and psychology. Erlbaum. {aDW, DKD, RL}Google Scholar

(1988) Reply to Susan Oyama’s review of Development, genetics and Psychology. Development Psychobiology 21: 107–12. {aDW, RL}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Plomin, R. & Daniels, D. (1987) Why are children in the same family so different from one another? Behavioral Brain Sciences 10: 1–60. {WEC, rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Plomin, R. & DeFries, J. C. (1983) The Colorado adoption project. Child Development 54: 276–89. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Plomin, R., DeFries, J. C. & Fulker, D. W. (1988) Nature and nurture during infancy and early childhood. Cambridge University Press. {RL}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Plomin, R., DeFries, J. C. & Loehlin, J. C. (1977) Genotype-environment interaction and correlation in the analysis of human behavior. Psychological Bulletin 84: 309–22. {aDW, RMD, JH, RL}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Plomin, R., DeFries, J. C. & McClearn, G. E. (1980) Behavioral genetics, a primer. Freeman. {aDW, WEC, RL}Google Scholar

Plomin, R., Loehlin, J. C. & DeFries, J. C. (1985) Genetic and environmental components of “environmental” influences. Developmental Psychology 21: 391–402. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Poston, T. & Stewart, I. (1978) Catastrophe theory and its applications. Pitman Publishing, Ltd. {FLB}Google Scholar

Powers, L. (1950) Determining scales and the use of transformations in studies of weight per locule of tomato fruit. Biometrics 6: 145–63. {GMH}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

(1955) Components of variance method and partitioning method of genetic analysis applied to weight per fruit of tomato hybrid and parental population. Bulletin 1131 of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. {GMH}Google Scholar

Press, W. H., Flannery, B. P., Teukolsky, S. A. & Vetterling, W. T. (1988) Numerical recipes in C. Cambridge University Press. {rDW}Google Scholar

Pritchard, D. J. (1986) Foundations of developmental genetics. Taylor & Francis. {aDW, HN}Google Scholar

Provine, W. (1971) The origins of theoretical population genetics. University of Chicago Press. {JMC}Google Scholar

Reid, J. B., & Murfet, I C. (1977) Flowering in Pisum: The effect of light quality on the genotype If e Sn Hr. Journal of Experimental Botany 28: 1357–64. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Reik, W., Collide, A., Norris, M. L., Barton, S. C. & Surani, A. (1987) Genomic imprinting determine s methylation of parental alleles in transgenic mice. Nature 328: 248–51. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Ricker, J. P., & Hirsch, J. (1988) Reversal of genetic homeostasis in laboratory populations of Drosophila melanogaster under long-term selection for geotaxis and estimates of gene correlates: Evolution of behavior-genetic systems. Journal of Comparative Psychology 102: 203–14. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Riska, B. (1986) Some models for development, growth, and morphometric correlation. Evolution 40: 1303–11. {JMC}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Roberts, D. W. A., & Larson, R. I. (1985) Vernalization and photoperiodic responses of selected chromosome substitution lines derived from Rescue, Cadet, and Cypress wheats. Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 27: 586–91. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rosenthal, R. & Rosnow, R. L. (1985) Contrast analysis: Focused comparisons in the analysis of variance. Cambridge University Press. {SEM}Google Scholar

Rotton, J. & Schonemann, P. H. (1978) Power tables for the analysis of variance. Educational and Psychological Measurement 38: 213–29. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rouanet, H., Lepline, D. & Holender, D. (1978) Model acceptability and the use of Bayes-fiducial methods for validating models. In Attention and Performance VII, ed. Requin, J.. Erlbaum. {MC}Google Scholar

Rouanet, H., Lecoutre, B. (1983) Specific inference in ANOVA: From significance tests to Bayesian procedures. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology 36: 252–68. {MC}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Roubertoux, P. L. (1981) Valeur explicative du concept d’interaction en analyse genetique. Les Niveaux d’Explication en Psychologic. Colloque CNRS. {MC}Google Scholar

Roubertoux, P. L., Nosten-Bertrand, M. & Carlier, M. (in press) Additive and interactive effects between genotype and environment: Concepts and facts. Advances in the Study of Behavior. {MC}Google Scholar

Roux, C. Z. (1984) Treatment x unit interactions in the completely randomized and randomized block designs, In: Experimental design, statistical models, and genetic statistics, ed. Hinkelmann, K.. Marcel Dekker. {aDW}Google Scholar

Rowe, D. C. (1987) Resolving the person-situation debate. American Psychologist 42: 218–27. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rutherford, J., Katz, R. & McGuffin, P. (in preparation ) Genes, environment, and attitudes to eating. {PM}Google Scholar

Salsburg, D. S. (1985) The religion of statistics as practiced in medical journals. The American Statistician 39: 220–23. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Sapienza, C, Peterson, A. C, Rossant, J. & Balling, R. (1987) Degree of methylation of transgenes is dependent on gamete of origin. Nature 328: 251–54. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Satinder, K. P., & Sterling, J. W. (1983) Differential effects of pre- and/or post-natal d-amphetamine on avoidance response in genetically selected lines of rats. Neurobehavioral Toxicology and Teratology 5: 315–20. {rDW}Google ScholarPubMed

Scarr, S. & Weinberg, R. A. (1976) IQ test performance of black children adopted by white families. American Psychologist 31: 726–39. {RMD}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Scharloo, W. (1989) Developmental and physiological aspects of reaction norm. BioScience 39: 465–71. {AJVN}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Scheffe, H. (1959) The analysis of variance. Wiley. {aDW, PHS}Google Scholar

Schiff, M., Duyme, M., Dumaret, A., Stewart, J., Tomkiewicz, S. & Feingold, J. (1978) Intellectual status of working-class children adopted early into upper middle class families. Science 200: 1503–4. {RMD}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Schlichting, C. D. (1989) Phenotypic integration and environmental change. BioScience 39: 460–64. {AJVN}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Schmalhausen, I. I. (1949) Factors of evolution. Blakiston. Reprinted 1986 by University of Chicago Press. {aDW}Google Scholar

Schneider, K. (1959) Clinical psychopathology. Translated by Hamilton, M. W.. Grune and Stratton. {PM}Google Scholar

Schonemann, P. H. (1981) Power as a function of communality in factor analysis. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 17: 57–60. {PHS}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1987) Letter to J. Hirsch, Novembe r 30, 1987. In J. Hirsch papers, University of Illinois Archives, No. 15/19/22. {JH}Google Scholar

(1989a) New questions about old heritability estimates. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 27:175–78. {PHS}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1989b) Some new results on the Spearman hypothesis artifact. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society. {PHS}Google Scholar

Schulsinger, F., Parnas, J., Mednick, S., Teasdale, T. W. & Schulsinger, H. (1987) Heredity-environment interaction and schizophrenia. Journal of Psychiatric Research 21: 431–36. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Scott, J. P. (1942) Genetic differences in the social behavior of inbred strains of mice. The Journal of Heredity 33: 11–15. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Sedlmeier, P. & Gigerenzer, G. (1989) Do studies of statistical power have an effect on the power of studies? Psychological Bulletin 105: 309–16. {SEM}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Severe, N. C., & Zelen, M. (1960) Normal approximation to the chi-square and non-central F probability functions. Biometrika 47: 411–16. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Shields, J. (1960) Monozygotic twins brought up apart and brought up together. Oxford University Press. {PHS}Google Scholar

Shockley, W. (1987) Jensen’s data on Spearman’s hypothesis: No artifact. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10: 512. {PHS}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Simmel, E. C., & Eleftheriou, B. E. (1977) Multivariate and behavior genetic analysis of avoidance of complex visual stimuli and activity in recombinant inbred strains of mice. Behavior Genetics 7: 239–50. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Skodak, M. & Skeels, H. M. (1949) A final followup study of one hundred adopted children. Journal of Genetic Psychology 75: 85–125. {RMD}Google Scholar

Slack, W. V., & Porter, D. (1980) The Scholastic Aptitude Test: A critical appraisal. Harvard Educational Review 50: 154–75. {PHS}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Slatkin, M. (1987) Quantitative genetics of heterochrony. Evolution 41: 799–811. {JMC}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Smotherman, W. P., & Robinson, S. R. (1988) Behavior of rat fetuses following chemical or tactile stimulation. Behavioral Neuroscience 102: 24–34. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Snedecor, G. W., & Cochran, W. G. (1980) Statistical methods. Iowa State University Press. {CG}Google Scholar

(1967) Statistical methods. Iowa Stat e University Press. {PHS}Google Scholar

Soper, H. V., Cicchetti, D. V., Satz, P., Light, R. & Orsini, D. L. (1988) Null hypothesis disrespect in neuropsychology: Dangers of alpha and beta errors. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 10: 255–70. {DVC}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Stearns, S. C. (1989) The evolutionary significance of phenotypic plasticity. BioScience 39: 436–446. {AJV N}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Stent, G. S. (1981) Strength and weakness of the genetic approach to the development of the nervous system. Annual Review of Neuroscience 4: 163–94. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Stein, G. J. (1988) Biological science and the roots of Nazism. American Scientist 76: 50–58. {rDW}Google Scholar

Tang, P. C. (1938) The power function of the analysis of variance tests with tables and illustrations of their use. Statistical Research Memoirs 2: 126–57. {aDW}Google Scholar

Taylor, E. E., & Condra, C. (1978) Genetic and environmental interaction in Drosphila pseudoobscura. Journal of Heredity 69: 63–64. {RP}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Taylor, H. F. (1980) The IQ game. Rutgers University Press. {rDW}Google Scholar

Tienari, P., Sorri, A., Lahti, I., Naarala, M., Wahlberg, K.-E., Moring, J., Pohjola, J. & Wynne, L. C. (1987) Genetic and psychosocial factors in schizophrenia: The Finnish adoptive family study. Schizophrenia Bulletin 13: 477–84. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Tiku, M. L. (1966) A note on approximating to the noncentral F distribution. Biometrika 53: 606–10. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1971) Power function of the F-test under non-normal situations. Journal of the American Statistical Association 66: 913–16. {DAC}Google Scholar

Townsend, J. T., & Ashby, F. G. (1984) Measurement scales and statistics: The misconception misconceived. Psychological Bulletin 96: 394–401. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Traxler, R. H. (1976) A snag in the history of factorial experiments. In: On the history of statistics and probability, ed. Owen, D. B.. Marcel Dekker. {aDW, DVC}Google Scholar

Tukey, J. W. (1957) On the comparative anatomy of transformations. Annals of Mathematical Statistics 28: 602–32. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Van Abeelen, J. H. F., Van der Kroon, P. H. & Bekkers, M. F. (1973) Mice selected for rearing behavior: Some physiological variables. Behavior Genetics 3(1):85–90. {H-PL}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Van Noordwijk, A. J. (1989) Reaction norms in genetical ecology. BioScience 39: 453–59. {AJVN}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Van Oortmerssen, G. A. & Bakker, T. C. (1981) Artificial selection for short and long attack latencies in wild Mus musculus domesticus. Behavior Genetics 11(2):115–26. {H-PL}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Vardimon, L., Fox, L. L., Degenstein, L. & Moscona, A. A. (1988) Cell contacts are required for induction by cortisol of glutamine synthetase gene transcription in the retina. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science U.S.A. 85: 5981–85. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Vetta, A. (1981) Appendix. In: J. Hirsch, To “unfrock the charlatans.” Sage Race Relations Abstracts 6: 35–39. {aDW, PHS}Google Scholar

Via, S. (1984a) The quantitativ e genetics of polyphagy in an insect herbivore. I. Genotype-environment interaction in larval performance on different host plant species. Evolution 38: 881–95. {CJG}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1984b) The quantitative genetics of polyphagy in an insect herbivore. II. Genetic correlations in larval performance within and among host plants. Evolution 38: 896–905. {CJG}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Via, S. & Lande, R. (1985) Genotype-environment interaction and the evolution of phenotypic plasticity. Evolution 39: 505–22. {aDW, JMC, CJG}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Wachs, T. D. (1983) The use and abuse of environment in behavior-genetic research. Child Development 54: 396–407. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Wahlsten, D. (1978) Behavioral genetics and animal learning. In: Psychopharmacology of aversively motivated behavior, ed. Anisman, H. & Bignami, G.. Plenum. {rDW}Google Scholar

(1979) A critique of the concepts of heritability and heredity in behavioral genetics. In: Theoretical advances in behavior genetics, ed. Royce, J. R. & Mos, L. P.. Sijthoff & Noordhoff. {aDW, NDH}Google Scholar

(1983) Maternal effects on mouse brain weight. Developmental Brain Research 9: 216–21. {rDW}Google Scholar

(1987a) Insensitivity of analysis of variance to heredity-environmen t interaction. Paper presented at the Behavior Genetics Association annual meeting, Minneapolis, June 27. {rDW}Google Scholar

(1987b) Three sources of individual differences. Paper presented at the Canadian Psychological Association annual meeting, Vancouver, June. {rDW}Google Scholar

(1989a) Genetic and developmental defects of the mouse corpus callosum. Experientia. 45: 828–38. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1989b) Sample size and power to detect a linear contrast, with application to interaction in a 2 × 2 design. Unpublished manuscript. {rDW}Google Scholar

Wainwright, P. (1980) Relative effects of maternal and pup heredity on postnatal mouse development. Developmental Psychobiology 13: 493–98. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ward, R. (1985) Genetic polymorphisms and additive genetic models. Behavior Genetics 15: 537–48. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Wilson, L. M., & Sinha, H. L. (1985) Thermal preference behavior of genetically obese (obioh) and genetically lean (+/?) mice. Physiology and Behavior 35: 545–58. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Wimer, R. E., & Wimer, C. C. (1982) A biometrical-genetic analysis of granule cell number in the area dentata of house mice. Developmental Brain Research 2: 129–40. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Winer, B. J. (1971) Statistical principles in experimental design, 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill. {aDW}Google Scholar

Winslow, G. M., Carroll, S. B. & Scott, M. P. (1988) Maternal-effect genes that alter the fate map of the Drosophila blastoderm embryo. Developmental Biology 129: 72–83. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Wittgenstein, L. (1953) Philosophical investigations. Macmillan. {DB}Google Scholar

Wright, S. (1921) Correlation and causation. Journal of Agricultural Research 20: 557–85. {aDW}Google Scholar

(1934) The method of path coefficients. Annals of Mathematical Statistics 5: 161–215. {GMH}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(1978) The relation of livestock breeding to theories of evolution. Journal of Animal Science 46: 1192–1200. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Yates, F. (1935) Complex experiments. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Supplement 2: 181–223. {aDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Yeakley, J. M., Janavs, J. L. & Reiness, C. G. (1987) Muscle activity pattern regulates postnatal development of acetylcholinesterase molecular forms in normal mice and mice with motor endplate disease. The Journal of Neuroscience 7: 4084–94. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Zacharko, R. M., Lalonde, G. T., Kasian, M. & Anisman, H. (1987) Strain -specific effects of inescapable shock on intercranial self-stimulation from the nucleus accumbens. Brain Research 426: 164–68. {rDW}CrossRefGoogle Scholar