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C. H. B. Quennell (1872–1935): Architecture, History and the Quest for the Modern
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 April 2016
Extract
Charles Quennell embodied many of the possibilities and contradictions of British architecture in the first decades of the twentieth century. He is a little-known figure today, but one who deserves further consideration, not only for his own remarkably interesting and varied career but also because of the light he sheds on some of the less explored aspects of architecture in the 1895–1935 period. Throughout his life he combined a strong interest in history with a search for efficiency and design appropriate for the modern world. Both of these preoccupations were widespread among his generation although, apart from a few notable exceptions, rarely can they be found combined to as great a degree as in Quennell. For example, in 1914 he was a keen exponent of standardization and at work on large romantic houses in Hampstead Garden Suburb. By 1918 he had designed what have been called the first modern houses in the country and had just published the first of the bestselling books in the series co-authored with his wife, A History of Everyday Things in England. In 1930 he was writing a contemporary tract The Good New Days and he built a neo-Palladian villa. He has been little studied to date, the main accounts being Alastair Service’s of his work in Hampstead, a Masters thesis by Nick Collins focused on issues of building conservation, and Graham Thurgood’s article on his 1920s work in Essex.
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References
Notes
1 Gould, Jeremy, ‘Modern Houses in Britain, 1919–1939’, Architectural History Monograph, 1 (1977), p. 8.Google Scholar
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40 It was on this estate at Courtenay Avenue that a proposal for an egg-shaped house by Ron Arad to replace a Quennell house was turned down by Haringey Council in 1997, although controversially backed by English Heritage. Arad commented: ‘The street is revolting — a parody of a wealthy American suburb. Architecturally it is a joke; what are they trying to protect?’ (Building Design, 17 December 1997, p. 4).
41 Muthesius, The English House, pp. 71–74.
42 He returned to the theme again, see ‘Preparing for Peace. V — The Building Trade and Land Tenure’, The Architects’ and Builders’ Journal, 13 March 1918, pp. 112–13.
43 For reports of the conference, see Journal of the Royal Institute of British Architects, 17 (1909–10), pp. 773–97; Town Planning Review, 1:3 (1910), pp. 178–97. For transcriptions of the papers and details of the accompanying exhibition, see Town Planning Conference, London 10–15 October 1910, Transactions, RIBA (London, 1910).
44 Obituary, Journal of the Royal Institute of British Architects, 21 December 1935, p. 212.
45 Town Planning Review, 1:3 (1910), pp. 180–81.
46 Peter Quennell thought that his father had resigned from the Council in 1915 on a point of principal and laments his removal at a singularly ill-fated time (P. Quennell, The Marble Foot, p. 50). He writes that he consulted the Council’s minutes, but there is an entry that points to a more prosaic truth. This was simply that his father, and a number of other members, were no longer eligible to serve, having completed a full term (RIBA Council Minutes, 29 March 1915).
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64 Ibid., pp. 70–71. Carrington joined the DIA in 1925.
65 It did not contain any works by Adolf Loos, who was the sworn enemy of these groups, although he is mentioned in the introductory essay by Levetus. See Levetus, A. S., ‘Austrian Architecture and Decoration’, Studio Yearbook (1910), p. 219.Google Scholar
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69 James Bettley has established that the house was later occupied by Valentine Crittall, who sold it in 1928 to move to Silver End.
70 Crittall, F. H., Fifty Years of Work and Play (London, 1934).Google Scholar
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72 Modern Building Record, 3 (1912), pp. 300–02. The contractor was George Hart.
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77 The other essays are ‘Architectural Furniture’, ‘Fireplaces’, ‘Kitchens and Sculleries’, ‘The Bathroom’ and ‘Hard Courts for Lawn Tennis’.
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99 ‘Standardization and the Eighteenth Century’, Architectural Review, 43 (June 1918), ‘Notes of the Month’, p. xx.
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106 For more on Batsfords, see A Batsford Century 1843–1943, ed. Hector Bolitho (London, 1943).
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116 Quennells, Everyday Things, 1733–1851, 3 (1933), 1961 edn, Preface.
117 Ibid., pp. 5–6.
118 Quennells, Everyday Things, 2, Preface, p. xi.
119 The Times, 22 November 1929, p. 15; see also his Obituaries in The Times, The Builder, and The Architects’ Journal (for details see n. 7).]
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160 I am grateful once again to James Bettley for informing me of the existence of this terrace.
161 Similar smaller houses can be found on the Denewood Estate, Highgate, which look significantly less Palladian where they retain their red brickwork unadulterated.
162 Carrington, Industrial Design, p. 121.
163 Pevsner, Nikolaus, Buildings of England: Essex (London, 1965), p. 52 Google Scholar. He does not mention Aymas Connell’s High and Over, of 1926.
164 Quennell designed at least one other house in the road although there is some confusion as to which one. Cherry and Pevsner in Buildings of England. London 4: North, p. 229, has it as number 13, but as this is of the late 1930s it rules out Quennell’s direct involvement (he died in 1935). A more likely candidate is number 14, cited by Alastair Service in Victorian and Edwardian Hampstead, p. 38. This is an earlier red brick essay on the small studio house and makes an interesting comparison with number 18.
165 For example in C. H. B. Quennnell, ‘British Domestic Architecture’, Quennell categorized Palladio’s two great sins as: 1. standardization which led to a lack of spontaneity 2. use of stucco in imitation of stone (p. 6). The beginnings of a renewed interest in Palladio can be traced in publications such as Bannister Fletcher’s Andrea Palladio: his Life and Works (London, 1902) or Reginald Blomfield’s essay ‘Andrea Palladio’ in his Studies in Architecture (London, 1905). However, Blomfield is highly critical of Palladio and especially of his legacy in England. His review of Bannister Fletcher’s book is interesting for his thoughts on Palladio’s relevance for contemporary architecture: Architectural Review, 13 (April 1903), pp. 126–39. For Fletcher’s response, see Architectural Review, 13 (May 1903), p. 326.
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168 Other works which rely on similar visual comparisons include Summerson, John and Williams-Ellis, Clough, Architecture Here and Now (London, 1934), and Bertram, Anthony, Design (London, 1938).Google Scholar
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