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XLIII. An Account of the Body of King Edward the First, as it appeared on opening his Tomb in the Year 1774. By Sir Joseph Ayloffe, Bart. V.P.S.A. and F.R.S.

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 July 2012

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Extract

The royal warrants repeatedly issued by King Edward the Third, and his two immediate successors, directed to the treasurer and chamberlains of their exchequer, De cera renovanda circa corpus regis Edwardi primi; and the total silence of all our historians, and public records, as to a similar attention having been paid to the corpse of any other of our deceased momarchs; are circumstances, that not only indicate the high veneration in which King Edward the First was held during a long series of years after his decease; but when considered, together with the strong injunctions under which, it is said, that king in his last moments laid his son, to send his heart to the Holy Land, attended by 140 knights, and to carry his remains along with the army until Scotland was reduced to obedience, gave rise to an opinion, that upon his decease a more than ordinary care was taken to preserve his body from putrefaction; and that, in subsequent times, the utmost endeavours were used for preventing its decay.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1775

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References

page 377 note a Funeral Monuments, p. 462.

page 377 note b Hist. of England, Vol. I. p. 385.

page 377 note c Hist. and Antiq. of the Abbey Church of St. Peter, Westminster, Vol. II. p. 31.

page 377 note d In three letters read at the Society of Antiquaries on the 25th of January, and 1st of February, 1770.

page 378 note e Now bishop of Rochester.

page 382 note f Walsingham, in his account of the coronation of Richard II, mentions, that the king was invested with a stole;—primo tunica Sti Edwardi, et post, ejusdem Dalmaticâ, projecta circa collum ejus stola.

In the coronation ceremonies of Henry VII, and VIII, the armylls are described to be made in the form of a stole wodyn with gold, set with precious stones.

Henry VI. is said to have been arrayed, at the time of his coronation, as a bishop that should sing Mass, with a dalmatic like a tunic, and a stole about his neck. Ms. W. Y. in the College of Arms.

The investing with a white stole, in modum crucis in pectore, is particularly mentioned in several foreign ceremonials. Goldastus in the Constitutiones Imperiales, vol. I. p. 95. speaking of Maximilian king of the Romans, says, induebatur cum sandaliis, et stola alba in modum crucis in pectore; and other ceremonials, printed in Martene, have the same words.

page 383 note g Several of the gentlemen present at opening the coffin thought them to be real seed pearls; but all of them, being exactly of the same size, hue, and shape, militate against that opinion.

page 385 note h P. 120.

page 386 note j Genealog, Hist. p. 127.

page 386 note k Langtoft's Chron. v. II. p. 341.

page 389 note l Lib. iv. 66.

page 389 note m Anglo-Norman Antiquities, p. 53.

page 389 note n Chiffletii Anastasis Childerici regis.

page 390 note o Monach. de Engolesm. in vitâ c. 24.

page 390 note p Chron. Novaliciense, N° 32.

page 390 note q From the information of Edward King, esq;

page 391 note r Keepe's Antiquities of Westminster-abbey, vol. II. Appendix.

page 391 note s Antiquites de Normandie.—At the same time, a picture of the royal remains, in the condition they then appeared; was painted on board by an eminent painter of the place, and hung on the wall of that abbey-church, opposite to William's monument, where it remained until the rioters, under the admiral Chastillion, plundered the abbey; at which time the picture fell into the hands of Peter Hode, gaoler of Caen, and one of the rioters, who converted one part thereof into a table, and used the other as a cupboard-door. These being discovered four years after, and reclaimed by Mons. de Bras, an officer of the town, remained in his possession till his death; since which event it is unknown what is become of them *.

page 391 note t It is called L'Abbaye aux Dames, and was founded by the dutchess. Matilda about the same time that the duke began to erect that of St. Stephen in the same city *.

page 391 note u On the ring's being taken off from her finger, it was given to the then lady abbess madam Anna a Montmorency by whom it was presented to her father the Baron de Conti, constable of France, when he attended Charles the IXth to Caen in the year 1563 *.

page 391 note w Rapin.

page 391 note * Les Reserches et Antiquites de la Province DeNeustrie.

page 392 note x M. Paris, p. 141.

page 392 note y Ib. p. 151.

page 392 note z Wharton's Anglia Sacra. II. p. 382.

page 393 note a Rymer's Foed. Tom. VIII. p. 75.

page 393 note b Titles of Honor, Part I. Chron. viii. p. 151, &c.

page 394 note c Bibliotheca Patrum, Tom. VIII. p. 467, 468.

page 394 note d Registrum de Evesham in Bib. Harleiana.

page 394 note e Amongst the records in the Tower of London.

page 394 note f In the archives of Westminster-abbey.

page 394 note g Laurentii Bochelli Decretorium ecclesiae Gallicanae.

page 394 note h Antwerpiae, 1627.

page 394 note i Walsingham's Hist. Ang. p. 196.

page 396 note k Chronicon Thomae de la More, Thomas Wikes, M. Westm. W. Hemingford, Thomas Walsingharm, &c.

page 397 note l Walsingham's Hist. Ang. p. 95. Hemingford, Wikes.

page 397 note m Rot. Claus. 1 Edw. Il. m. 19. dorso.

page 397 note n Continuatio Annalium Triveti.

page 397 note o Walsingham ibid. Hemingford, Langtoft's Chronicle, vol. II. p. 342.

page 398 note p Rot. Claus. 1 Edw. II. m. 17. dorso.

page 398 note q Walsingham, Hemingford, Langtoft.

page 398 note r See Rymer's Foedera under those reigns.

page 399 note s Rot. Claus. p. 1. m. 6.

page 399 note t Liberat. m. 6.

page 399 note u Rot. Claus. p. 1. m. 3.

page 399 note w Liberat. m. 5.

page 399 note x Claus. p. 2. m. 26.

page 399 note y Claus. p. 1. m. 5.

page 399 note z Claus. p. 1. m. 6.

page 399 note a Liberat. m. 1.

page 399 note b Liberat. m. 5.

page 399 note c Claus. m. 17.

page 399 note d Liberat. m. 3.

page 399 note e Pat. p. 1. m. 31.

page 399 note f Claus. m. 1.

page 399 note g Claus. p. 1. m. 29.

page 399 note h Claus. m. 51.

page 399 note i Claus. m. 33.

page 399 note k Claus. m. 46. Clauf. m. 4.

page 399 note l Claus.

page 399 note m Funeral Monuments, p. 463.

page 401 note n I. ad fin. Strab. xv.

page 401 note o Gervasius Cantuariensis, published in the Decem Scriptores, p. 1339. Brompton, p. 1023. Polychron, B. vii. p. 282.

page 401 note p Walsingham.

page 401 note q Dugdale's Baronage, tom. II. p. 7, 8. ex Walsingham Ypodig. Neust.

page 401 note r Dart's Westminster, vol. II. p. 28.

page 401 note s Miscellaneous pieces at the end of Leland's Collectanea, vol. V. p. 374. 2d edit.

page 402 note t Ceremonial of the funeral of Mary queen of England, MS. in the library of the College of Arms.

page 402 note u In the account of the treasurer of the chambers, from 10 Oct. 1759, to 25 Oct. 1760, are the following articles:

John Ranby, esq; one of his majesty's principal and serjeant surgeons, as a reward for opening and embalming his late majesty's body, 112l. 8s. 9d.

Cæsar Hawkins, esq; for the like, 112l. 8s. 9d.

John Andrews, surgeon of his majesty's houshold, for assisting his majesty's serjeant-surgeons in opening and embalming his late majesty's body, 55l. 15s. 6d.

Thomas Graham, apothecary to his majesty, for a fine double cerecloth, with a large quantity of very rich perfumed aromatic powders, &c. for embalming his late majesty's royal body, 152l.

page 402 note w Appendix to the Supplement to Somner's Canterbury, p. 39.

page 402 note x See Weever's Funeral Monuments; and Casimir, De incorruptis cadaveribus humatis, printed in Historia et Commentationes academiae electtoralis scientiarum et elegantiarum literarum Theodoro-Palatinae, Vol. II. p. 309, &c.—Greenhill's Art of Embalming, &c.

page 403 note y Ovid.

page 403 note z Juvenal.

page 403 note a Suet.J. Caes. c. 83.

page 406 note a Hollinshed's Chron. p. 213.

page 407 note b Tabularium Celsiniacense, a Girardo Constante, cited by Carpentier.

page 407 note c Monast. Angl. tom. II. p. 40.

page 407 note d Vita S. Gervini, inter acta Benedictinorum. saec. 6. pars II. p. 321.

page 407 note e Tab. Sti Autberti, cited by Carpentier.

page 407 note f Constitutiones W. de Bleys, in Wilkins's Councils, vol. I. p. 624., Carpentier's Supplement, art. Cera Paschalis.

page 408 note g Gunton's History of Peterborough, in the Life of Abbot Benedict.

page 408 note h Ibid. in the Life of Adam de Boothbie.

page 408 note i Ecton's Thesaurus Rerum Ecclesiasticarum, p. 87.

page 409 note k West's Antiquities of the Abbey of St. Mary at Furness, App. N° XL.

page 409 note l Register of the town of Kingston upon Hull, temp. Edward III.

page 409 note m Ibid.

page 409 note n Test. of Sir John Delves, knt. in Register Wytlesey, in Lambeth library.

page 409 note o Test. of Sir William Morley, knt. Register Sudbury, p. 101. b. ibid.

page 409 note p Pat. 10 Hen. IV. p. 1. m. 7. Dugdale's St. Paul's, p. 37.

page 409 note q Test. D. Barth. de Burwarske, mil. in Regist. Wytlesey, in Lambeth library, f. 98.

page 410 note r Test. Roberti comitis Suffolk, ibid. f. 111. b.

page 410 note s Test. W. Pauli, clerici, ibid. f. 120. b.

page 410 note t Test, Richardi comitis Arundel, in Regist. Sudbury, f. 97, Lambeth library.

page 410 note u Test, Edwardi III. regis Angl. ibid. f. 97, b.

page 410 note w De Exequiis et Sepultura Ymeris abbatis B. Marie Hellumi in urbe Rothomago, an. 1304. M. S. in bib. Cotton Domitian. A. IX. 15.

page 410 note x Test. J. de Nevil, dom. de Raby. Madox Form. Angl. p. 129.

page 410 note y Test. W. de Laveli. ibid.

page 410 note z Register-book of the town of Kingston upon Hull, f. 85.

page 410 note a ibid. f. 87.

page 410 note b ibid. f. 96.

page 410 note c ibid. f. 98.

page 410 note d Consuetudines ecclesiae Herefordensis, MS. p. 21.

page 411 note c Test. de Margaret de Courtenay countesse de Devonshire, in Book Rous, MS. in the College of Arms.