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Excavations at Winchester 1965: Fourth Interim Report1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2011

Extract

In 1965 the Winchester Excavations Committee was again joined by the University of North Carolina and Duke University in excavations on five sites in the city. The work lasted eleven weeks from the latter part of June to the beginning of September and an average of 130 people took part, slightly under £10,000 being spent. Special thanks are due to the U.N.C.—Duke Committee, under the chairmanship of Professor F. T. de Vyver and including Professors Hall, Holcomb, Holmes, and Schnorrenberg, for their efforts which ensured the successful continuation of the Anglo-American co-operation. The heavy burden of administration was again carried by the City of Winchester, to whose Town Clerk, Mr. R. H. McCall, a special debt is owed, and the Hampshire County Council, particularly the Supplies Officer, Mr. R. E. V. Fardell. Through the good offices of the Army, Bushfield Camp was again made available and the Ministry of Public Building and Works gave great help in this connexion. All arrangements concerning volunteers were made by Mrs. J. Gosling, to whom particular thanks are due, and my own administrative work has been handled throughout by Mrs. M. Channer, to whom I am greatly indebted. Financial assistance from the following bodies is most gratefully acknowledged: the University of North Carolina, Duke University, the University of Exeter, the Old Dominion Foundation, the Ministry of Public Building and Works, the Hampshire County Council, the City of Winchester, the British Academy, the Society of Antiquaries, the British Museum, and many private donors. Additional funds were received in site collections and from the sale of publications, the whole of which, including guided tours of the sites, was organized by Mr. F. C. Mallett, Assistant Secretary of the Excavations Committee. The many problems of financial administration were again handled by Mr. W. D. Rider, City Treasurer, and his staff, particularly Mr. G. P. Grey.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1966

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References

page 310 note 1 Antiq. Journ. xlv (1965), 231–3.Google Scholar

page 310 note 2 Ibid. 234–5.

page 312 note 1 Winchester Quarterly Record, vi, 164 (29 January 1860)Google Scholar; cf. ibid. ii, 190 (5 August 1852); iii, 24 (February 1853), 171–2 (23 November 1853), 197–8 (2 February 1854).

page 312 note 2 Antiq. Journ. xlv (1965), 232, pl. LXVII.Google Scholar

page 313 note 1 Ibid. xiv (1965), 240–3. For work in 1963 see ibid. xliv (1964), 194–6.

page 313 note 2 Ibid. xlv (1965), pl. LXXXII.

page 313 note 3 Cf. ibid. 242.

page 313 note 4 The postholes on the south side of the street (ibid. xliv (1964), 195) had been mostly removed by medieval pits, but were present along the street edge where it was preserved and were chalk-packed like those on the north, though rather smaller.

page 313 note 5 Antiq. Journ. xliv (1964), 196202; xlv (1965), 243–9.Google Scholar

page 313 note 6 Friarsgate is a new east–west street running across the site of House I.

page 313 note 7 Antiq. Journ. xlv (1965), 245.Google Scholar

page 316 note 1 Ibid. xliv (1964), 199.

page 316 note 2 Barbara Carpenter Turner, Churches of Medieval Winchester (1957), pp. 2021, pl. iv. See note 3, on p. 317.Google Scholar

page 316 note 3 Ibid.; Winchester City Archives, Ledger Book II, pp. 44, 78b.

page 316 note 4 Winchester City Archives, Tarrage Roll, 1416, with amendments of 1604, ff. 20–21.

page 317 note 1 I am grateful to Mr. Derek Keene for this information.

page 317 note 2 Barbara Carpenter Turner, Churches of Medieval Winchester (1957), p. 21.Google Scholar

page 317 note 3 Winchester City Archives, Boswell's trustees to Mary Vaughan, 21 December 1804.

page 318 note 1 Winchester City Archives, Ledger Book II, p. 44.

page 318 note 2 Winchester City Archives, First Book of Ordinances, typed transcript, p. 266, 26 September 1594; Tarrage Roll, 1416 (1604), f. 20.

page 318 note 3 Antiq. Journ. xlv (1965), 247–9.Google Scholar

page 319 note 1 Ibid. 245–6. A. W. Pike and Martin Biddle, ‘Parasite Eggs from Medieval Winchester’, Antiquity, xl (1966) forthcoming.

page 319 note 2 Antiq. Journ. xliv (1964), 202–11Google Scholar; ibid. xlv (1965), 249–58.

page 320 note 1 Arch. Journ. cxix (1962), 153.Google Scholar

page 320 note 2 Boon, G. C., Roman Silchester (1957), pp. 135–6.Google Scholar

page 320 note 3 Antiq. Journ. xliv (1964), fig. 6.Google Scholar

page 320 note 4 Ibid. xlv (1965), 251.

page 320 note 5 Ibid. xliv (1964), 206.

page 321 note 1 Ibid. xlv (1965), 251.

page 321 note 2 The plan, pl. LXV, shows some slight differences from the plan of the 1964 excavations (Antiq. Journ. xlv (1965), fig. 5).Google Scholar These are due to the further excavation undertaken in 1965 in the 1964 area; to a growing understanding of the significance of certain features of the robbing, previously recorded but not understood; and to a theodolite survey of the north side of the present cathedral by Mr. D. H. Hill which has corrected an error in the siting of Trench III of 1962.

page 321 note 3 For this floor see ibid. xliv (1964), 207, pl. LVIII, level 7; and xlv (1965), 254, pl. LXXVIII b.

page 321 note 4 Ibid. xliv (1964), 208, pl. LII; and xlv (1965), 254. The suggestion that this was the foundation of the altar of the seventh-century church must now be abandoned.

page 322 note 1 Antiq. Journ. xlv (1965), 254.Google Scholar

page 322 note 2 Winchester Cathedral in the Tenth Century’, Arch. Journ. cxiv (1957), 2868.Google Scholar Hereafter referred to as ‘Quirk 1957’.

page 322 note 3 Quirk 1957, 38–41.

page 322 note 4 Arch. Journ. cxix (1962), 163.Google Scholar

page 322 note 5 Quirk 1957, 40.

page 323 note 1 Ibid. 44–59.

page 324 note 1 Quirk 1957, 59.

page 324 note 2 Ibid. 59–62.

page 324 note 3 Ibid. 29.

page 324 note 4 Ibid. 61.

page 324 note 5 Ibid. 59–61.

page 325 note 1 Quirk 1957, 48–56.

page 325 note 2 Grodecki, L., L'Architecture ottonienne (1958), pp. 54–5, 158–9.Google Scholar

page 325 note 3 Quirk 1957, 59–61.

page 325 note 4 Ibid. 61–63.

page 325 note 5 I am grateful to Miss Elisabeth Barty for her work on this inscription and to Professor C. L. Wrenn, Miss Dorothy Whitelock, and Sir Frank Stenton for their comments.

page 325 note 6 Annales … de Wintonia: Annales Monastici, (ed. Luard, H. R., Series, Rolls, 1865), ii, pp. 3738.Google Scholar

page 325 note 7 Foundry Trade Journal, 21 October 1965, pp. 537–41.Google Scholar

page 325 note 8 Antiq. Journ. xlv (1965), 254–5.Google Scholar

page 325 note 9 For previous work on the New Minster see Arch. Journ. cxix (1962), 158–72;Google ScholarAntiq. Journ. xliv (1964), 210–11;Google Scholar ibid. xlv (1965), 257–8. For the documentary evidence see R. N.Quirk, , ‘WinChester New Minster and its Tenth-century Tower’, J.B.A.A., 3rd ser. xxiv (1961), 1654.Google Scholar

page 326 note 1 Antiq. Journ. xliv (1964), 212–14; ibid. xlv (1965), 258–60.Google Scholar

page 326 note 2 I am most grateful to Mr. Ian Fisher of Christ Church, Oxford, for his work on these rolls and for kindly making his transcript available to me; also to Mr. Derek Keene of Oriel College, Oxford, for helping Mr. Fisher with microfilming the relevant sections and to Mrs. Eleanor Cottrill, Hampshire County Archivist, for placing the rolls in her charge at their disposal.

page 327 note 1 Cf. Wilson, D. M., Anglo-Saxon Ornamental Metalwork 700–1100 (1964), pp. 147–8, no. 39, pl. XXII. I am grateful to Mr. C. E. Blunt and Mr. R. H. M. Dolley for identifying the coin and discussing the brooch.Google Scholar

page 327 note 2 Antiq. Journ. xlv (1965), 258–60.Google Scholar

page 327 note 3 Ibid. 260.

page 327 note 4 Annales … de Wintonia, Annales Monastici (ed. Luard, H. R., Series, Rolls, 1865) ii, p. 51.Google Scholar

page 328 note 1 Bishop's Pipe Roll, 159426, mm. 36d–37 (1424).

page 328 note 2 Bishop's Pipe Roll, 159431, m. 19.

page 329 note 1 Dr. F. C. Anderson of the Geological Survey and Museum kindly identified the stone.

page 329 note 2 SirStenton, Frank (ed.), The Bayeux Tapestry (1957), pls. 1, 9, 10, 18, 33, 48, 50, 52.Google Scholar

page 329 note 3 Ibid. pp. 60–63, where Sir James Mann showed that the mail shirts in the Tapestry, though given the appearance of having trousers, must as here have had divided skirts.

page 329 note 4 Ibid. p. 62; though Sir James suggested cuffs to soften the roughness of the mail, so much of the arm is sometimes shown covered in this way that an undershirt seems to have been intended (pls. 27, 64, 66, 67, 69).

page 329 note 5 Ibid. pp. 65–66.

page 330 note 1 Due to the damage to the man's face this is rather obscured on the photograph, but his lips, with the animal's tongue passing between them, can be seen quite clearly on the stone.

page 330 note 2 Since the slab was found in the demolition rubble of the Old Minster, dated 1093–4, it cannot have come from the New Minster (see below, p. 332, note 1) which was not demolished before 1110.

page 330 note 3 I am very grateful to Dr. R. I. Page of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, for drawing my attention to the saga, but the responsibility for the interpretation of the sculpture in terms of the saga is entirely my own.

page 330 note 4 Finch, R. G. (ed.), The Saga of the Volsungs (Nelson's Icelandic Texts, 1965), pp. 78.Google Scholar

page 331 note 1 Ibid. p. ix.

page 331 note 2 Ibid. p. xii.

page 331 note 3 Ibid. p. xiii with further references. Cf. e.g., Collingwood, W. G., Northumbrian Crosses of the Pre-Norman Age (1927), p. 160, fig. 191, from Halton, Lanes.Google Scholar

page 331 note 4 Chadwick, H. M., The Origin of the English Nation (1924), pp. 278–83.Google Scholar

page 331 note 5 Ibid. pp. 275–6. West Saxon genealogies in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, s.a. 855, in William of Malmesbury and in Aethelweard, ibid. pp. 252–6.

page 332 note 1 Quirk, R. N., ‘Winchester New Minster and its Tenth-Century Tower’, J.B.A.A., 3rd ser., xxiv (1961), 1654.Google Scholar