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The Ephesus excavations 1863–1874, in the light of the Ottoman legislation on antiquities

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2013

Izabella Donkow
Izabella Donkow
Affiliation:
Stockholm University
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Abstract

The article discusses the introduction of Ottoman legislation on antiquities and its implication for the Ephesus excavations of 1863–1874, led by John Turtle Wood on behalf of the British Museum. It is argued that instrumental in the termination of the archaeological works at the site was the Ottoman law on antiquities of 1874, which was about to be promulgated and the recurrent difficulties in obtaining renewal of a firman, necessary for any archaeological endeavours undertaken by foreigners. Attention is drawn to the close relationship between the rise of the Imperial Museum in Istanbul, the promulgation and implementation of the Ottoman legislation on antiquities and their effect on circumscribing the archaeological activities of foreign nations. Growing contemporary Ottoman interest in antiquities, reflecting an increased awareness of their role in the re-definition of the identity of the country, laying claim to participation in European culture, is briefly touched upon.

Özet

Bu makalede tarihi eserlerle ilgili Osmanlı yasalarının ilk ortaya çıkışı ve bu yasaların British Museum adına John Turtle Wood tarafından 1863–1874 tarihlerinde yürütülen Efes kazıları ile ilgili uygulamalari tartışılmaktadır. Bölgedeki arkeolojik çalışmaların sona ermesinin arkasındaki nedenin uygulamaya konulmak üzere olan 1874 tarihli Tarihi Eserlerle ilgili Osmanlı Kanunu ve yabancıların herhangi bir arkeolojik çalışma yapmaları için gerekli olan ferman yenileme işlemindeki zorluklar olduǧu iddia edilmektedir. İstanbul'daki Padişahlık Müzesi'nin önem kazanması, tarihi eserlerle ilgili Osmanlı yasalarının duyurulması ve uygulanması ve bunlann yabancı milletlerin arkeolojik çalışmalarının kısıtlanmasına olan etkileri arasındaki yakın ilişkiye dikkat çekilmektedir. Söz konusu donemde Osmanlı İmparatorluǧu'nun tarihi eserlere karşı artan ilgisinin ülke kimliǧinin yeniden tanımlanmasında tarihi eserlerin ne kadar önemli olduǧu konusunda giderek artan bir bilinçlenmeyi yansıttıǧına ve bunun altında yatan Avrupa kültürü içinde yer alma iddiasına kısaca deǧinilmiştir.

Type
Research Article
Information
Anatolian Studies , Volume 54 , December 2004 , pp. 109 - 117
Copyright
Copyright © The British Institute at Ankara 2004

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References

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