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Zygosity Diagnosis of Twins by Questionnaire for Twins’ Mothers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 September 2016

S. Ooki ,
K. Yamada  and
A. Asaka
S. Ooki*
Affiliation:
Department of Health Sciences, Yamanashi Medical University
K. Yamada
Affiliation:
Department of Nursing, Sapporo Medical College, Japan
A. Asaka
Affiliation:
Department of Health Sciences, Yamanashi Medical University
*
Department of Health Sciences, Yamanashi Medical University, Tamaho, Yamanashi, 409-38Japan

Abstract

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Subjects were 74 twin pairs, 61 MZs and 13 same-sexed DZs who entered the High School affiliated with Tokyo University, Japan. Their mothers also participated. The twins’ zygosity was previously identified by many genetic markers. This study aimed at clarifying the effectiveness of zygosity diagnosis by questionnaires distributed to twins’ mothers. The questionnaire consisted of three questions concerning the degree of similarity of twins at one year of age; whether they were confused, and if so, by whom. It was slightly modified from that reported earlier by Ooki et al [11] for twins themselves. According to the degree of similarity of the twins, points were allotted thus: from 1 to 3 points for answers to questions (1) and (2) and from 1 to 4 points for answers to questions (3). The sum of the points was calculated, then ranged from 3 to 10. Zygosity was determined by the sum of these points. If the sum was 3-6, the twin pairs were considered MZ and if the sum was 7-10 DZ. It was revealed that more than 90% of twins were identified correctly as MZ or DZ by applying this cutting point and this result was in accordance with that obtained by use of discriminant function analysis. Moreover, the accuracy of the mothers’ responses was nearly the same as that obtained by the questionnaire for twins themselves. It was concluded, therefore, that the information from twins’ mothers is as correct as that from twins themselves. This questionnaire is simple, practical and especially useful when twins are still too young to participate personally.

Keywords

Zygosity diagnosisQuestionnaireTwins’ mothers
Type
Research Article
Information
Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research , Volume 42 , Issue 1 , 1993 , pp. 17 - 22
Copyright
Copyright © The International Society for Twin Studies 1993

References

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