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1 - Introduction: the twilight of Mughal Bengal

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 October 2009

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Summary

In a public letter of 25 November 1791 the government of Lord Cornwallis reported from Calcutta to the Directors of the East India Company in London,

We are much concerned to advise you of the decease of the Nabob Mahomed Reza Khan…

His honourable character, his regard to the English for a long period of time, and the services he had rendered in Bengal are testified upon the records of this Government and well known to the Company in England. His public and private worth equally made him an object of esteem, and they entitle his memory to respect.

Such was the obituary notice of a man who had been a vital part of Bengal's history for over thirty years and witness to its history for nearly half a century. He had observed the irremediable decline of two empires, that of the Safavids in the land of his birth, Iran, and that of the Mughals in India, the land of his adoption. He had participated in the events which led to the eclipse of the Nawabs and to the rise of the English East India Company in Bengal. He had been the agent of the Company, the defender of the Nizamat, and had been a leading figure throughout what may be called the Anglo-Mughal phase in Bengal's history. That phase was brought to an end on 1 January 1791 with Cornwallis's abolition of the office of Naib Nazim and the final transfer of the Sadar Nizamat Adalat. Nine months later, having worked almost to the end upon cases which had been awaiting his decision before Cornwallis's regulations were passed, Reza Khan died.

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The Transition in Bengal, 1756–75
A Study of Saiyid Muhammad Reza Khan
, pp. 1 - 16
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1969

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