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Chapter 28 - Neuroimaging of treatment response in narcolepsy

from Section 5 - Neuroimaging of sleep disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2013

By
Thien Thanh Dang-Vu
Edited by
Eric Nofzinger ,
Pierre Maquet  and
Michael J. Thorpy
Eric Nofzinger
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh
Pierre Maquet
Affiliation:
Université de Liège, Belgium
Michael J. Thorpy
Affiliation:
Sleep-Wake Disorders Center, Montefiore Medical Center, New York
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Summary

This chapter reviews the neuroimaging findings devoted to the effects of treatment in narcolepsy. These studies involved functional neuroimaging methods such as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The majority of them focused on modafinil, with also early reports on amphetamines and methylphenidate. In narcoleptic patients single-dose treatment effects were also studied with fMRI. PET and SPECT were used to investigate brain activity changes induced by a prolonged administration of modafinil in narcoleptic patients. An 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET study evaluated brain glucose metabolism (CMRglu) during baseline wakefulness in eight patients and eight controls before and after two weeks of treatment with modafinil. Decreased CMRglu was observed in the brainstem, hypothalamus, thalamus, and mesiotemporal areas in narcoleptics compared to controls, both before and after treatment.

Keywords

sleep deprivationneuroeconomic studiespsychomotor vigilancesleep-deprived brainneural modelssocial valuationmonetary rewardbehavioral studieseconomic decision-making
Type
Chapter
Information
Neuroimaging of Sleep and Sleep Disorders , pp. 228 - 230
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2013

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