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2 - Singers and their Arias

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 March 2023

Ian Woodfield
Affiliation:
Queen's University Belfast
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Summary

It is a fair assumption that Mozart expected to be in contact with his singers during the process of aria composition. In a famous passage concerning a piece he was composing for the singer Anton Raaff, he wrote:

I asked him to tell me candidly if he did not like his aria or if it did not suit his voice, adding that I would alter it if he wished or even compose another one. ‘God forbid’, he said, ‘the aria must remain just as it is, for nothing could be finer. But please shorten it a little, for I am no longer able to sustain my notes.’ ‘Most gladly’, I replied, ‘as much as you like. I made it a little long on purpose, for it is always easy to cut down, but not so easy to lengthen.’ … When I took leave of him he thanked me most cordially, while I assured him that I would arrange the aria in such a way that it would give him pleasure to sing it. For I like an aria to fit a singer as perfectly as a well-made suit of clothes.

In his letters Mozart made detailed appraisals of several of his singers, and it is clear that he studied carefully the strengths, weaknesses and vocal characteristics of anyone for whom he wrote. In Raaff 's case, he noted with approval several positive features, such as his impressive diction and good breath control.

In order to ensure that the singer was happy with what he had written, Mozart’s usual practice was to run through an aria with its performer before committing himself to a conclusion, leaving open the possibility of lengthening or abbreviating the piece. In several arias in Così, there is in fact a break in the ink colour of the particella shortly before the end of the singer's material. Conceptually, such a draft would be more open-ended than, for example, an aria particella which merely lacked its final orchestral ritornello. After glancing through the draft or trying it out with the composer accompanying at the keyboard, a troublesome singer might reject the proposed aria entirely, in which case Mozart would be left with several sheets of paper, lightly scored but unusable.

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Chapter
Information
Mozart's Così fan tutte
A Compositional History
, pp. 42 - 56
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Print publication year: 2008

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  • Singers and their Arias
  • Ian Woodfield, Queen's University Belfast
  • Book: Mozart's <i>Così fan tutte</i>
  • Online publication: 10 March 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781846156632.005
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  • Singers and their Arias
  • Ian Woodfield, Queen's University Belfast
  • Book: Mozart's <i>Così fan tutte</i>
  • Online publication: 10 March 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781846156632.005
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Singers and their Arias
  • Ian Woodfield, Queen's University Belfast
  • Book: Mozart's <i>Così fan tutte</i>
  • Online publication: 10 March 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781846156632.005
Available formats
×