This chapter argues for the need to have a third founding, or re-founding, of the discipline, that moves IR decisively out of its West-centrism, and onto more truly global foundations. The widening and deepening of IR needs to continue in order to match the widening and deepening of globalisation and the move towards a world of deep pluralism. There is a proliferation of interests and ideas from Global South scholars as well as their non-mainstream Western counterparts on how to redefine and broaden IR, leading to debates such as ‘Non-Western’ or ‘post-Western’ IR, and ‘Global IR’. We sketch out some of these debates, including the pathways they propose and similarities and differences among them. We also examine some of the features of Global IR, and the research themes and strategies that might lead its realisation, and the challenges these efforts face.