Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- List of plates
- Preface to third edition
- Preface to second edition
- Preface to first edition
- Acknowledgements
- Abbreviations
- Introduction
- 1 The Charter and its history
- 2 Government and society in the twelfth century
- 3 Privilege and liberties
- 4 Custom and law
- 5 Justice and jurisdiction
- 6 Crisis and civil war
- 7 Quasi Pax
- 8 The quality of the Great Charter
- 9 The achievement of 1215
- 10 From distraint to war
- 11 The re-issues and the beginning of the myth
- Appendices
- 1 The meeting at Bury St Edmunds, 1214
- 2 Notification of Thomas count of Perche, February 1215
- 3 Triplex forma pacis
- 4 The ‘unknown’ charter
- 5 The Articles of the Barons
- 6 Magna Carta, 1215
- 7 Translations of the Charters
- 8 The Twenty-Five barons of Magna Carta, 1215
- 9 The date of the London treaty
- 10 The Oxford Council, 16–23 July 1215
- 11 Select documents illustrative of the history of Magna Carta, 1215
- 12 Magna Carta, 1225
- 13 Charter of the Forest, 1225
- 14 Liberties and perpetuity
- References
- Index
- Plate section
8 - The Twenty-Five barons of Magna Carta, 1215
from Appendices
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 July 2015
- Frontmatter
- Dedication
- Contents
- List of plates
- Preface to third edition
- Preface to second edition
- Preface to first edition
- Acknowledgements
- Abbreviations
- Introduction
- 1 The Charter and its history
- 2 Government and society in the twelfth century
- 3 Privilege and liberties
- 4 Custom and law
- 5 Justice and jurisdiction
- 6 Crisis and civil war
- 7 Quasi Pax
- 8 The quality of the Great Charter
- 9 The achievement of 1215
- 10 From distraint to war
- 11 The re-issues and the beginning of the myth
- Appendices
- 1 The meeting at Bury St Edmunds, 1214
- 2 Notification of Thomas count of Perche, February 1215
- 3 Triplex forma pacis
- 4 The ‘unknown’ charter
- 5 The Articles of the Barons
- 6 Magna Carta, 1215
- 7 Translations of the Charters
- 8 The Twenty-Five barons of Magna Carta, 1215
- 9 The date of the London treaty
- 10 The Oxford Council, 16–23 July 1215
- 11 Select documents illustrative of the history of Magna Carta, 1215
- 12 Magna Carta, 1225
- 13 Charter of the Forest, 1225
- 14 Liberties and perpetuity
- References
- Index
- Plate section
Summary
Three lists of the Twenty-Five barons have been known since Blackstone's day: one in the Chronica Majora of Matthew Paris, one in his Liber Additamentorum, and one in a marginal annotation in a late thirteenthcentury collection of law tracts and statutes. The first two are identical and are based on the same source. The third is the best of the three. It has Rogerus de Mumbezon correctly where Matthew Paris erred into the form Rogerus de Munbrai.
The Twenty-Five were Richard, earl of Clare, William de Fors, count of Aumale, Geoffrey de Mandeville, earl of Gloucester, Saer de Quincy, earl of Winchester, Henry de Bohun, earl of Hereford, Roger Bigod, earl of Norfolk, Robert de Vere, earl of Oxford, William Marshal junior, Robert fitz Walter, Gilbert de Clare, Eustace de Vescy, Hugh Bigod, William de Mowbray, the Mayor of London, William de Lanvallei, Robert de Ros, John de Lacy, constable of Chester, Richard de Percy, John fitz Robert, William Malet, Geoffrey de Say, Roger de Montbegon, William of Huntingfield, Richard de Munfichet and William d'Aubigné of Belvoir.
A fourth list which was discovered by Cheney (1968) in a Reading Abbey MS in Lambeth Palace Library can now be added. This is printed below. Like the St Albans versions this list names Roger de Mowbray in error for Roger de Montbegon. It also names the earl of Arundel mistakenly for the count of Aumale.
The list is unique evidence in that it includes quotas of knights against all Twenty-Five except the Mayor of London. These are not feudal quotas, although in a few cases they approximate to them or to the number of knights enfeoffed. It is more likely that they are estimates of the numbers each could bring to bear, if necessary, to enforce the Charter; and it should be borne in mind that in 1215 many knights of uncertain feudal dependence or loyalty are likely to have attached themselves to particular baronial leaders.
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- Information
- Magna Carta , pp. 402 - 404Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2015