Abrego, L. J. (2011). Legal Consciousness of Undocumented Latinos: Fear and Stigma as Barriers to Claims-Making for First- and 1.5-Generation Immigrants. Law & Society Review, 45(2), 337–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Agarwal, S., Pan, J., and Qian, W.. (2019). Age of Decision: Pension Savings Withdrawal and Consumption and Debt Response. Management Science, 66(1), 43–69.Google Scholar

Alberti, G., Bessa, I., Hardy, K., Trappmann, V., and Umney, C.. (2018). In, Against and Beyond Precarity: Work in Insecure Times. Work, Employment and Society, 32(3), 447–57.Google Scholar

Albiston, C. R. (2005). Bargaining in the Shadow of Social Institutions: Competing Discourses and Social Change in Workplace Mobilization of Civil Rights. Law & Society Review, 39(1), 11–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Arnold, D. (2013). Social Margins and Precarious Work in Vietnam. American Behavioral Scientist, 57(4), 468–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bal, C. (2015). Dealing with Deportability: Deportation Laws and the Political Personhood of Temporary Migrant Workers in Singapore. Asian Journal of Law and Society, 2(2), 267–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Balcaite, I. (2019). Networks of Resilience: Legal Precarity and Transborder Citizenship among the Karen from Myanmar in Thailand. Trans-Regional and -National Studies of Southeast Asia, 7(1), 63–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Báo Bảo hiểm Xã hội. (2016). “Nở rộ” tình trạng mua, bán sổ BHXH tại Đà Nẵng: NLĐ chịu thiệt vì “bán lúa non”! [“Booming” of buying and selling social insurance books in Da Nang: Employees are disadvantaged for “selling ripe rice”]. Available at: http://baobaohiemxahoi.vn/vi/tin-chi-tiet-no-ro-tinh-trang-mua-ban-so-bhxh-tai-da-nang-nld-chiu-thiet-vi-ban-lua-non-b0f69b51.aspx (Accessed June 27, 2020).Google Scholar

Báo Điện Tử, VOV. (2020). Nhận bảo hiểm xã hội một lần do dịch Covid-19: Cân nhắc các lợi ích! [Getting social insurance lump sum due to COVID-19 pandemic: Carefully considering the benefits!] Available at: https://vov.vn/tin-24h/nhan-bao-hiem-xa-hoi-mot-lan-do-dich-covid19-can-nhac-cac-loi-ich-1036929.vov (Accessed June 27, 2020).Google Scholar

Barken, R. (2019). “Old Age” as a Social Location: Theorizing Institutional Processes, Cultural Expectations, and Interactional Practices. Sociology Compass, 13(4), 1–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Barthelmes, L. (2018). Dealing with Uncertainty: Itinerant Street Vendors and Local Officials in Hanoi. In Endres, K. W. and Leshkowich, A. M., eds., Traders in Motion: Identities and Contestations in the Vietnamese Marketplace. Ithaca, NY: Southeast Asia Program Publications, pp. 129–40.Google Scholar

Benedikter, S. and Nguyen, L. T. P.. (2018). Obsessive Planning in Transitional Vietnam: Understanding Rampant State Planning and Prospects of Reform. Journal of Vietnamese Studies, 13(4), 1–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Beshears, J., Choi, J. J., Hurwitz, J., Laibson, D., and Madrian, B. C.. (2015). Liquidity in Retirement Savings Systems: An International Comparison. American Economic Review, 105(5), 420–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Boittin, M. L. (2013). New Perspectives from the Oldest Profession: Abuse and the Legal Consciousness of Sex Workers in China. Law & Society Review, 47(2), 245–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bourdieu, P. (1998). Acts of Resistance: Against the Tyranny of the Market. New York: The New Press.Google Scholar

Buckley, J. (2022). Formalising and Informalising Labour in Vietnam. Journal of Contemporary Asia. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1080/00472336.2021.2016244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Bui, N. S. and Nicholson, P.. (2017). Activism and Popular Constitutionalism in Contemporary Vietnam. Law & Social Inquiry, 42(3), 677–710.Google Scholar

Bui, T. B. L. (2016). Regulatory Interaction in Court-Based Resolution of Inheritance Disputes in Vietnam. PhD dissertation, Monash University, Melbourne.Google Scholar

Bui, T. H. (2014). Deconstructing the “Socialist” Rule of Law in Vietnam: The Changing Discourse on Human Rights in Vietnam’s Constitutional Reform Process. Contemporary Southeast Asia, 36(1), 77–100.Google Scholar

Butler, J. (2009). Performativity, Precarity and Sexual Politics. Revista de Antropologia Iberoamericana, 4(3), i–xiii.Google Scholar

Canefe, N. (2018). Invisible Lives: Gender, Dispossession, and Precarity amongst Syrian Refugee Women in the Middle East. Refuge, 34(1), 39–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Central Committee of the CPV (Communist Party of Vietnam). (2008). Resolution 20-NQ/TW at the 6th National Convention on Continuing to Develop Vietnamese Working Class in the Modernization and Industrialization Era. Hà Nội.Google Scholar

CPV (Communist Party of Vietnam). (2011). Political Program for National Construction in the Transitional Period to Socialism (Revised).Google Scholar

Chatterjee, P. (2004). The Politics of the Governed: Reflections on Popular Politics in Most of the World. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar

Chaudhry, P. (2016). Government Munificence and the Struggle to Be Poor: Politics, Power, and the Local State in Vietnam’s Northwest Borderlands. PhD dissertation, Australian National University, Canberra.Google Scholar

Choi, N. (2016). Metro Manila through the Gentrification Lens: Disparities in Urban Planning and Displacement Risks. Urban Studies, 53(3), 577–92.Google Scholar

Chu, L. H. (2018). The Quest for Research on Social Class in Contemporary Vietnam. Journal of Vietnamese Studies, 13(1), 42–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Chua, L. J. and Engel, D. M. (2019). Legal Consciousness Reconsidered. Annual Review of Law and Social Science, 15, 335–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Colic-Peisker, V., Ong, R., and Wood, G.. (2015). Asset Poverty, Precarious Housing and Ontological Security in Older Age: An Australian Case Study. International Journal of Housing Policy, 15(2), 167–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Communist Party of Vietnam. (2011). Political Program for National Construction in the Transitional Period to Socialism (Revised).Google Scholar

Cruikshank, M. (2013). Learning to Be Old: Gender, Culture, and Aging, 3rd ed. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar

Cruz-Del Rosario, T. and Rigg, J.. (2019). Living in an Age of Precarity in 21st Century Asia. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 49(4), 517–27.Google Scholar

Dân Trí. (2014). Rà lại quy định ‘phạt cho tồn tại” công trình xây sai phép [Reviewing regulation of “fine for survival” toward illegally built establishments]. https://dantri.com.vn/dien-dan/ra-lai-quy-dinh-phat-cho-ton-tai-cong-trinh-xay-sai-phep-1395180378.htm (Accessed July 5, 2020).Google Scholar

Dân Trí. (2017). Số người lao động lĩnh BHXH một lần đang tăng nhanh [The numbers of employees receiving social insurance lump sum are rising fast]. Available at: https://dantri.com.vn/viec-lam/so-nguoi-lao-dong-linh-bhxh-mot-lan-dang-tang-nhanh-20170611211642632.htm (Accessed June 27, 2020).Google Scholar

Dân Trí. (2018). Tháng 7/2018: Hơn 9.300 người hưởng lương hưu và trợ cấp BHXH [July/2018: More than 9300 people entitled to pension and social insurance allowance]. Available at: https://dantri.com.vn/viec-lam/thang-7-2018-hon-9300-nguoi-huong-luong-huu-va-tro-cap-bhxh-20180731144618358.htm (Accessed July 5, 2020).Google Scholar

Das, V. and Poole, D.. (2004). State and Its Margins: Comparative Ethnographies. In Das, V. and Poole, D., eds., Anthropology in the Margins of the State. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, pp. 3–34.Google Scholar

Dasgupta, P. (1988). Trust as a Commodity. In Gambetta, D., ed., Trust: Making and Breaking Cooperative Relations. Oxford & Massachusetts: Basil Blackwell, pp. 49–72.Google Scholar

Do, H. H. (2016). The Dynamics of Legal Transplantation: Regulating Industrial Conflicts in Post-Đổi Mới Vietnam. PhD dissertation, University of Melbourne.Google Scholar

Do, H. H. (2018). Strike Settlement in Transitional Vietnam and the Persistence of Socialist and Marxist-Leninist Influences. In Hualing, F., Gillespie, J., Nicholson, P., and Partlett, W., eds., Socialist Law in Socialist East Asia. Cambridge & New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 288–316.Google Scholar

Edelman, L. B. (1992). Legal Ambiguity and Symbolic Structures: Organizational Mediation of Civil Rights Law. American Journal of Sociology, 97(6), 1531–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ellickson, R. C. (1991). Order without Law: How Neighbours Settle Disputes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Embassy of Denmark, World Bank, and Embassy of Sweden. (2011). Recognizing and Reducing Corruption Risks in Land Management in Vietnam. Hà Nội: National Political Publishing House – Su That.Google Scholar

Endres, K. W. (2014). Making Law: Small-Scale Trade and Corrupt Exceptions at the Vietnam–China Border. American Anthropologist, 116(3), 611–25.Google Scholar

Endres, K. W. (2018). Making the Marketplace: Traders, Cadres, and Bureaucratic Documents in Lào Cai City. In Endres, K. W. and Leshkowich, A. M., eds., Traders in Motion: Identities and Contestations in the Vietnamese Marketplace. Ithaca, NY, & London: Southeast Asia Program Publications, pp. 27–40.Google Scholar

Engel, D. M. and Engel, J. S.. (2010). Tort, Custom, and Karma: Globalization and Legal Consciousness in Thailand. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar

Engel, D. M. and Munger, F. W.. (2003). Rights of Inclusion: Law and Identity in the Life Stories of Americans with Disabilities. Chicago: Chicago University Press.Google Scholar

Ewick, P. and Silbey, S.. (1992). Conformity, Contestation and Resistance: An Account of Legal Consciousness. New England Law Review, 26, 731–49.Google Scholar

Ewick, P. and Silbey, S.. (1998). The Common Place of Law: Stories from Everyday Life. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Ewick, P. and Silbey, S.. (2003). Narrating Social Structure: Stories of Resistance to Legal Authority. American Journal of Sociology, 108(6), 1328–72.Google Scholar

Fforde, A. and de Vylder, S.. (1996). From Plan to Market: The Economic Transition in Vietnam. Oxford & New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Ford, M. and Lyons, L.. (2020). The Illegal as Mundane. Indonesia and the Malay World, 48(140), 24–39.Google Scholar

Gainsborough, M. (2009). Privatisation as State Advance: Private Indirect Government in Vietnam. New Political Economy, 14(2), 257–74.Google Scholar

Gallagher, M. E. (2006). Mobilizing the Law in China: “Informed Disenchantment” and the Development of Legal Consciousness. Law & Society Review, 40(4), 783–816.Google Scholar

Galligan, D. J. (2003). Legal Failure: Law and Social Norms in Post-Communist Europe. In Galligan, D. J. and Kurkchiyan, M., eds., Law and Informal Practices: The Post-Communist Experience. New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 1–26.Google Scholar

General Statistics Office. (2019). Result of the Viet Nam Household Living Standards Survey 2018. Hà Nội: Statistical Publishing House.Google Scholar

General Statistics Office. (2021). Số doanh nghiệp đang hoạt động có kết quả sản xuất kinh doanh tại thời điểm 31/12 hàng năm phân theo loại hình doanh nghiệp [Number of operating enterprises with revenues at 31 December each year according to the types of enterprises]. Available at: www.gso.gov.vn/px-web-2/?pxid=V0506&theme=Doanh nghiệp (Accessed December 17, 2021).Google Scholar

Giang, T. L. (2004). Hệ thống hưu trí Việt Nam: Hiện trạng và những thách thức trong điều kiện dân số già hóa [Pension system in Vietnam: Current situation and challenges in the context of aging population]. Diễn đàn Phát triển Việt Nam. Available at: www3.grips.ac.jp/~21coe/share_docs/VDFDP2V.pdf (Accessed August 23, 2019).Google Scholar

Gilleard, C. and Higgs, P.. (2020). Precarity and the Assumption of Rising Insecurity in Later Life: A Critique. Ageing & Society, 40(9), 1849–66.Google Scholar

Gillespie, J. (2008). Localizing Global Rules: Public Participation in Lawmaking in Vietnam. Law & Social Inquiry, 33(3), 673–707.Google Scholar

Gillespie, J. (2011). Exploring the Limits of the Judicialization of Urban Land Disputes in Vietnam. Law & Society Review, 45(2), 241–75.Google Scholar

Gillespie, J. (2014). Social Consensus and the Meta-Regulation of Land-Taking Disputes in Vietnam. Journal of Vietnamese Studies, 9(3), 91–124.Google Scholar

Gillespie, J. (2015). Localizing Global Competition Law in Vietnam: A Bottom-Up Perspective. International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 64(4), 935–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Gillespie, J. (2018). The Role of Emotion in Land Regulation: An Empirical Study of Online Advocacy in Authoritarian Asia. Law & Society Review, 52(1), 106–39.Google Scholar

Gilliom, J. (2001). Overseers of the Poor: Surveillance, Resistance, and the Limits of Privacy. Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Gordon, R. W. (1984). Critical Legal Histories. Stanford Law Review, 36 (1/2), 57–125.Google Scholar

Government of Vietnam. (1997). Decree of the Government No. 3-CP on 6 January 1997 on the Establishment of Thu Duc District, District 2, District 7, District 9, District 12 and of Wards under New Districts – Ho Chi Minh City. Hà Nội.Google Scholar

Government of Vietnam. (2007). Decree 180/2007/NĐ-CP on Detailed Regulations and Guided Implementation of Some Articles of the Law on Construction on Handling Violations of Urban Construction Order. Hà Nội.Google Scholar

Government of Vietnam. (2013). Decree 121/2013/NĐ-CP on Regulations of Administrative Sanctions Relating to Construction Activities; Real Estate Business; Exploitation, Production and Trading of Construction Materials; Infrastructure Management; and Management of Housing and Office Development. Hà Nội.Google Scholar

Government of Vietnam. (2017). Decree 139/2017/NĐ-CP on Regulations of Administrative Sanctions Relating to Construction Investment Activities; Exploitation, Production and Trading of Minerals Used for Construction Materials; Production and Trading off Construction Materials; Infrastructure Management; Real Estate Business; and Management of Housing and Office Development and Use. Hà Nội.Google Scholar

Government of Vietnam. (2018). Decree 146/2018/NĐ-CP on Detailed Regulations and Guidance on the Implementation of Some Articles of Law on Health Insurance. Hà Nội.Google Scholar

Grenier, A., Phillipson, C., Rudman, D. L., Hatzifilalithis, S., Kobayashi, K., and Marier, P.. (2017). Precarity in Late Life: Understanding New Forms of Risk and Insecurity. Journal of Aging Studies, 43, 9–14.Google Scholar

Griffiths, M. (2019). Networks of Reciprocity: Precarity and Community Social Organisations in Rural Myanmar. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 49(4), 602–25.Google Scholar

Hammersley, M. and Atkinson, P.. (2007). Ethnography: Principles in Practice, 3rd ed. London & New York: Routledge.Google Scholar

Harms, E. (2013a). Eviction Time in the New Saigon: Temporalities of Displacement in the Rubble of Development. Cultural Anthropology, 28(2), 344–68.Google Scholar

Harms, E. (2013b). Social Demolition: Creative Destruction and the Production of Value in Vietnamese Land Clearance. In Tai, H.-T. H. and Sidel, M., eds., State, Society and the Market in Contemporary Vietnam: Property, Power and Values. London & New York: Routledge, pp. 55–68.Google Scholar

He, X. F. (2004). The Stickiness of Legal Collusion: A Difficulty of Legal Enforcement. International Journal of the Sociology of Law, 32(2), 103–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

He, X. F. (2005). Why Do They Not Comply with the Law? Illegality and Semi-Legality among Rural-Urban Migrant Entrepreneurs in Beijing. Law & Society Review, 39(3), 527–62.Google Scholar

He, X. F., Wang, L., and Su, Y.. (2013). Above the Roof, Beneath the Law: Perceived Justice behind Disruptive Tactics of Migrant Wage Claimants in China. Law & Society Review, 47(4), 703–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hendley, K. (2011a). Resolving Problems among Neighbors in Post-Soviet Russia: Uncovering the Norms of the Pod”ezd. Law & Social Inquiry, 36(2), 388–418.Google Scholar

Hendley, K. (2011b). Varieties of Legal Dualism: Making Sense of the Role of Law in Contemporary Russia. Wisconsin International Law Journal, 29(2), 233–62.Google Scholar

Hendley, K. (2017). Everyday Law in Russia. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar

Hernández, D. (2010). “I’m Gonna Call My Lawyer”: Shifting Legal Consciousness at the Intersection of Inequality. Studies in Law, Politics, and Society, 51, 95–121.Google Scholar

Herod, A. and Lambert, R.. (2016). Neoliberalism, Precarious Work and Remaking the Geography of Global Capitalism. In Lambert, R. and Herod, A., eds., Neoliberal Capitalism and Precarious Work: Ethnographies of Accommodation and Resistance. Cheltenham & Northampton: Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 1–41.Google Scholar

Hertogh, M. (2018). Nobody’s Law: Legal Consciousness and Legal Alienation in Everyday Life. London: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hoang, L. A. (2016). Moral Dilemmas of Transnational Migration: Vietnamese Women in Taiwan. Gender and Society, 30(6), 890–911.Google Scholar

Hoffmann, E. A. (2005). Dispute Resolution in a Worker Cooperative: Formal Procedures and Procedural Justice. Law & Society Review, 39(1), 51–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Hull, K. E. (2003). The Cultural Power of Law and the Cultural Enactment of Legality: The Case of Same-Sex Marriage, Law & Social Inquiry, 28(3), 629–57.Google Scholar

Jackson, R. (2015). From Challenge to Opportunity: Wave 2 of the East Asia Retirement Survey. Presented at International Media Roundtable, Hong Kong. Available at: www.globalaginginstitute.org/assets/client-assets/common/downloads/presentations/2015-0904-International-Media-Roundtable%20.pdf (Accessed July 26, 2022).Google Scholar

Jandl, T. (2014). State versus State: The Principal-Agent Problem in Vietnam’s Decentralizing Economic Reforms. In , J. D. London, ed., Politics in Contemporary Vietnam: Party, State, and Authority Relations. London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 64–83.Google Scholar

Jeffrey, C. (2002). Caste, Class, and Clientelism: A Political Economy of Everyday Corruption in Rural North India. Economic Geography, 78(1), 21–41.Google Scholar

Kalleberg, A. L. (2008). Precarious Work, Insecure Workers: Employment Relations in Transition. American Sociological Review, 74(1), 1–22.Google Scholar

Kalleberg, A. L. and Hewison, K.. (2013). Precarious Work and the Challenge for Asia. American Behavioral Scientist, 57(3), 271–88.Google Scholar

Kalleberg, A. L., Hewison, K., and Shin, K.-Y.. (2022). Precarious Asia: Global Capitalism and Work in Japan, South Korea, and Indonesia. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar

Karadjis, M (2011). State Enterprise Workers: “Masters” or “Commodities”? In Chan, A., ed., Labour in Vietnam. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, pp. 46–90.Google Scholar

Kerkvliet, B. J. T. (2001). An Approach for Analyzing State–Society Relations in Vietnam. Sojourn: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia, 16(2), 238–78.Google Scholar

Kerkvliet, B. J. T. (2005). The Power of Everyday Politics: How Vietnamese Peasants Transformed National Policy. Ithaca, NY, & London: Cornell University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kerkvliet, B. J. T. (2014). Protests over Land in Vietnam: Rightful Resistance and More. Journal of Vietnamese Studies, 9(3), 19–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kerkvliet, B. J. T. (2019). Speaking Out in Vietnam: Public Political Criticism in a Communist Party-Ruled Nation. Ithaca, NY, & London: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar

Kerkvliet, M. T. and Le, S. V.. (1997). Life Stories of Retired Factory Workers in Hanoi. Paper presented at the Bi-Annual EUROVIET Conference III, Amsterdam.Google Scholar

Kim, A. M. (2015). Sidewalk City: Remapping Public Space in Ho Chi Minh City. Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Koh, D. W. H. (2001). Negotiating the Socialist State in Vietnam through Local Administrators: The Case of Karaoke Shops. Sojourn: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia, 16(2), 279–305.Google Scholar

Koh, D. W. H. (2006). Wards of Hanoi. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Kurkchiyan, M. (2003). The Illegitimacy of Law in Post-Soviet Societies. In Galligan, D. J. and Kurkchiyan, M., eds., Law and Informal Practices: The Post-Communist Experience. New York: Oxford University Press. Available at: https://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199259366.001.0001/acprof-9780199259366-chapter-2 (Accessed July 14, 2022).Google Scholar

Kuyucu, T. (2014). Law, Property and Ambiguity: The Uses and Abuses of Legal Ambiguity in Remaking Istanbul’ s Informal Settlements. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 38(2), 609–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Labbé, D. (2011). Urban Destruction and Land Disputes in Periurban Hanoi during the Late-Socialist Period. Pacific Affairs, 84(3), 435–54.Google Scholar

Lain, D., Airey, L., Loretto, W., and Vickerstaff, S.. (2019). Understanding Older Worker Precarity: The Intersecting Domains of Jobs, Households and the Welfare State. Ageing & Society, 39(10), 2219–41.Google Scholar

Lam, M. C. (2019). “Extremely Rightful” Resistance: Land Appropriation and Rural Agitation in Contemporary Vietnam. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 49(3), 343–64.Google Scholar

Lao Động. (2013). “Ăn non” bảo hiểm xã hội [“Eating ripe” social insurance]. Available at: http://tamlongvang.laodong.com.vn/cong-doan/an-non-bao-hiem-xa-hoi-157009.bld (Accessed July 23, 2022).Google Scholar

Lao Động. (2014). Chủ tịch Tổng LĐLĐVN Đặng Ngọc Tùng: Lương tối thiểu vùng I năm 2015 cần đạt 3,4 triệu đồng/người/tháng [The Chairman of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour Dang Ngoc Tung: Minimum wage for Region I in 2015 needs to reach 3.4 million dong per person a month]. Available at: http://tamlongvang.laodong.com.vn/cong-doan/chu-tich-tong-ldldvn-dang-ngoc-tung-luong-toi-thieu-vung-i-nam-2015-can-dat-34-trieu-dongnguoithang-229651.bld (Accessed July 23, 2022).Google Scholar

Lao Động. (2015). Gần 90.000 công nhân đình công vì “không được hưởng BHXH một lần” [90000 workers went on strike because “not entitled to receive lump sum social insurance”]. Available at: https://laodong.vn/cong-doan/gan-90000-cong-nhan-dinh-cong-vi-khong-duoc-huong-bhxh-mot-lan-309860.bld (Accessed November 13, 2018).Google Scholar

Lao Động. (2016a). Bảo hiểm xã hội Việt Nam: Nhiều doanh nghiệp chiếm dụng tiền BHXH của NLĐ [Social insurance in Vietnam: Many enterprises appropriate employees’ social insurance money]. Available at: http://tamlongvang.laodong.com.vn/cong-doan/bao-hiem-xa-hoi-viet-nam-nhieu-doanh-nghiep-chiem-dung-tien-bhxh-cua-nld-604798.bld (Accessed July 23, 2022).Google Scholar

Lao Động. (2016b). Mạnh tay với doanh nghiệp chây ỳ nợ bảo hiểm xã hội [Be hard on enterprises persisting with social insurance debts]. Available at: https://laodong.vn/cong-doan/manh-tay-voi-doanh-nghiep-tray-y-no-bao-hiem-xa-hoi-540023.bld (Accessed April 10, 2019).Google Scholar

Lao Động. (2016c). Nợ đọng bảo hiểm xã hội trên 13.100 tỷ đồng [Social insurance debts amount to more than 13,100 billion dong]. Available at: http://tamlongvang.laodong.com.vn/tin-tuc-viec-lam/no-dong-bao-hiem-xa-hoi-tren-13100-ty-dong-620028.bld (Accessed July 23, 2022).Google Scholar

Lao Động. (2017). Vì sao lương hưu đối với giáo viên mầm non thấp [Why are kindergarten teachers’ pensions so low?]. Available at: https://laodong.vn/cong-doan/vi-sao-luong-huu-doi-voi-giao-vien-mam-non-thap-573564.ldo (Accessed December 20, 2018).Google Scholar

Lao Động. (2018a). Cty KL Texwell Vina nợ BHXH, BHYT, BHTN hơn 17,5 tỉ đồng [Texwell Vina owed social insurance, health insurance and unemployment insurance of more than 17.5 billion dong]. Available at: https://laodong.vn/cong-doan/cty-kl-texwell-vina-no-bhxh-bhyt-bhtn-hon-175-ti-dong-593463.ldo (Accessed November 8, 2018).Google Scholar

Lao Động. (2018b). Hơn 300 NLĐ bị nợ bảo hiểm 3,7 tỉ đồng, LĐLĐ tỉnh Long An khởi kiện doanh nghiệp [More than 300 employees were owed insurance of 3.7 billion dong, provincial union in Long An province took the enterprise to court]. Available at: https://laodong.vn/cong-doan/hon-300-nld-bi-no-bao-hiem-37-ti-dong-ldld-tinh-long-an-khoi-kien-doanh-nghiep-623981.ldo (Accessed April 10, 2019).Google Scholar

Lao Động. (2018c). Lĩnh BHXH một lần: Lợi trước mắt, thiệt lâu dài [Getting lump sum from social insurance: Short-term gain, long-term disadvantage]. Available at: https://laodong.vn/cong-doan/linh-bhxh-mot-lan-loi-truoc-mat-thiet-lau-dai-606555.ldo (Accessed October 31, 2018).Google Scholar

Lao Động. (2019a). 75 hồ sơ công đoàn khởi kiện DN nợ đọng BHXH đã được Tòa án thụ lý [75 lawsuits lodged by the unions against enterprises owing social insurance were processed by the court]. Available at: https://laodong.vn/cong-doan/75-ho-so-cong-doan-khoi-kien-dn-no-dong-bhxh-da-duoc-toa-an-thu-ly-658404.ldo (Accessed April 10, 2019).Google Scholar

Lao Động. (2019b). Mua bán, cầm cố sổ BHXH: Coi chừng mất tiền, mất quyền lợi [Trading and mortgaging social insurance books: Beware of losing money and rights and interests]. Available at: https://laodong.vn/cong-doan/mua-ban-cam-co-so-bhxh-coi-chung-mat-tien-mat-quyen-loi-747326.ldo (Accessed June 27, 2020).Google Scholar

Lao Động. (2020). Bán sổ bảo hiểm xã hội là tạo gánh nặng cho tương lai [Selling social insurance books means creating a burden for the future]. Available at: https://laodong.vn/cong-doan/ban-so-bao-hiem-xa-hoi-la-tao-ganh-nang-cho-tuong-lai-797163.ldo (Accessed June 27, 2020).Google Scholar

Lao Động Đồng Nai. (2016). Có nên ‘ăn non’ bảo hiểm xã hội? [Should social insurance be “eaten ripe”?] Available at: http://laodongdongnai.vn/Ban-doc/Tu-thu-ban-doc/0E345D/co-nen-an-non-bao-hiem-xa-hoi.aspx (Accessed October 31, 2018).Google Scholar

Le, T. (2016). Interpreting the Constitutional Debate Over Land Ownership in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (2012–2013). Asian Journal of Comparative Law, 11(2), 287–307.Google Scholar

Ledeneva, A. V. (2006). How Russia Really Works: The Informal Practices That Shaped Post-Soviet Politics and Business. Ithaca, NY, & London: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar

Lee, C. K. (2019). China’s Precariats. Globalizations, 16(2), 137–54.Google Scholar

Lee, C. K. and Kofman, Y.. (2012). The Politics of Precarity: Views Beyond the United States. Work and Occupations, 39(4), 388–408.Google Scholar

Leshkowich, A. M. (2008). Wandering Ghosts of Late Socialism: Conflict, Metaphor, and Memory in a Southern Vietnamese Marketplace. The Journal of Asian Studies, 67(1), 5–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Levine, K. and Mellema, V.. (2001). Strategizing the Street: How Law Matters in the Lives of Women in the Street-Level Drug Economy. Law & Social Inquiry, 26(1), 169–207.Google Scholar

Lim, D. (2011). Export and FDI-Driven Industrialization: Strategy and Employment in Vietnam. Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs and International Labour Organization, Hà Nội.Google Scholar

Liu, Q. (2018). Legal Consciousness of the Leftover Woman: Law and Qing in Chinese Family Relations. Asian Journal of Law and Society, 5(1), 7–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Liu, S. (2015). Law’s Social Forms: A Powerless Approach to the Sociology of Law. Law & Social Inquiry, 40(1), 1–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Locke, C., Nguyen, H. T. N., and Nguyen, T. T. T.. (2012). Struggling to Sustain Marriages and Build Families Mobile Husbands/Wives and Mothers/Fathers in Hà Nội and Hồ Chí Minh City. Journal of Vietnamese Studies, 7(4), 63–91.Google Scholar

London, J. D. (2014). Welfare Regimes in China and Vietnam. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 44(1), 84–107.Google Scholar

Lorey, I. (2015). State of Insecurity: Government of the Precarious. London: Verso.Google Scholar

Malarney, S. K. (1997). Culture, Virtue, and Political Transformation in Contemporary Northern Viet Nam. The Journal of Asian Studies, 56(4), 899–920.Google Scholar

Marshall, A.-M. (2003). Injustice Frames, Legality, and the Everyday Construction of Sexual Harassment. Law & Social Inquiry, 28(3), 659–89.Google Scholar

Masquelier, C. (2019). Bourdieu, Foucault and the Politics of Precarity. Distinktion: Journal of Social Theory, 20(2), 135–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Missbach, A. (2016). Perilous Waters: People Smuggling, Fishermen, and Hyper- Precarious Livelihoods on Rote Island, Eastern Indonesia. Pacific Affairs, 89(4), 749–70.Google Scholar

Munck, R. (2013). The Precariat: A View from the South. Third World Quarterly, 34(5), 747–62.Google Scholar

Neilson, B. and Rossiter, N.. (2005). From Precarity to Precariousness and Back Again: Labour, Life and Unstable Networks. The Fibreculture Journal, 5. Available at: https://five.fibreculturejournal.org/fcj-022-from-precarity-to-precariousness-and-back-again-labour-life-and-unstable-networks/ (Accessed May 31, 2022).Google Scholar

Người Lao Động. (2002). Chiếm dụng BHXH của người lao động: Phải truy tố! [Appropriating employees’ social insurance: Must be prosecuted!]. Available at: https://nld.com.vn/quyen-va-nghia-vu/chiem-dung-bhxh-cua-nguoi-lao-dong-phai-truy-to-70636.htm (Accessed November 13, 2018).Google Scholar

Người Lao Động. (2017a). Cám cảnh lương hưu giáo viên! [Pity for teachers’ pension!], Available at: https://nld.com.vn/thoi-su/cam-canh-luong-huu-giao-vien-20171105212007237.htm (Accessed December 20, 2018).Google Scholar

Người Lao Động. (2017b). Cần cân nhắc hưởng BHXH một lần [Getting lump sum from social insurance should be carefully considered]. Available at: https://nld.com.vn/cong-doan/can-nhac-huong-bhxh-mot-lan-20170830104008121.htm (Accessed October 31, 2018).Google Scholar

Người Lao Động. (2017c). Chưa quá 40 … đã cho là già? [Not yet being over 40 … but considered old?]. Available at: https://nld.com.vn/cong-doan/chua-qua-40-da-cho-la-gia-20170601133632549.htm (Accessed October 31, 2018).Google Scholar

Người Lao Động. (2017d). Đại biểu QH lên tiếng về cô giáo nhận lương hưu 1,3 triệu đồng [Delegates of the National Assembly raised their voices about the kindergarten teachers’ pension of 1.3 million dong]. Available at: https://nld.com.vn/thoi-su/dai-bieu-qh-len-tieng-ve-co-giao-nhan-luong-huu-13-trieu-dong-20171031173424098.htm (Accessed December 20, 2018).Google Scholar

Người Lao Động. (2017e). Hối tiếc vì không có lương hưu [Regret for not having pension]. Available at: https://nld.com.vn/cong-doan/hoi-tiec-vi-khong-co-luong-huu-20170705070607568.htm (Accessed October 31, 2018).Google Scholar

Người Lao Động. (2017f). Lao động lớn tuổi: đằng sau họ là gánh nặng gia đình [Older employees shoulder family burden]. Available at: https://nld.com.vn/cong-doan/lao-dong-lon-tuoi-dang-sau-ho-la-ganh-nang-gia-dinh-20170605152447917.htm (Accessed November 13, 2018).Google Scholar

Người Lao Động. (2017g). Quyết liệt xử lý nợ BHXH tại các doanh nghiệp giải thể, phá sản [Be tough on resolving social insurance debts by businesses that are dismantled or go bankrupt]. Available at: https://nld.com.vn/cong-doan/quyet-liet-xu-ly-no-bhxh-tai-cac-doanh-nghiep-giai-the-pha-san-20170911105750345.htm (Accessed November 8, 2018).Google Scholar

Người Lao Động. (2017h). Sự thật “bôi trơn” giám định để về hưu non [The truth about the “lubrication” of the health check for early retirement]. Available at: https://nld.com.vn/an-ninh-trat-tu/su-that-boi-tron-giam-dinh-de-ve-huu-non-20170416091713779.htm (Accessed December 20, 2018).Google Scholar

Người Lao Động. (2017i). Vì sao NLĐ thích nhận trợ cấp BHXH một lần? [Why do employees tend to get the lump sum from social insurance?]. Available at: https://nld.com.vn/cong-doan/vi-sao-nld-thich-nhan-tro-cap-bhxh-mot-lan-20170826112928034.htm (Accessed October 31, 2018).Google Scholar

Người Lao Động. (2018). Chủ doanh nghiệp bỏ trốn: Thấy nút thắt mà không gỡ [Business owner running away: It’s hard to “untie the knot”]. Available at: https://nld.com.vn/thoi-su/thay-nut-that-ma-khong-go-20181111205715313.htm (Accessed April 10, 2019).Google Scholar

Người Lao Động. (2019). Tùy tiện xử lý nhà xây không phép [Randomly tackling houses built without permit]. Available at: https://nld.com.vn/thoi-su/tuy-tien-xu-ly-nha-xay-khong-phep-20190319203106072.htm (Accessed July 30, 2020).Google Scholar

Người Lao Động. (2020). Cảnh giác với mánh khóe thu mua sổ bảo hiểm [Be wary of the tricks of collecting and selling social insurance books]. Available at: https://nld.com.vn/cong-doan/canh-giac-voi-manh-khoe-thu-mua-so-bao-hiem-20200409210832857.htm (Accessed June 27, 2020).Google Scholar

Nguyen, D. (2018). FDI Firms Help Boost Vietnam’s Trade Surplus High. VnExpress. Available at: https://e.vnexpress.net/news/business/data-speaks/fdi-firms-help-boost-vietnam-s-trade-surplus-high-3839569.html (Accessed May 31, 2022).Google Scholar

Nguyen, H. H. (2016). Political Dynamics of Grassroots Democracy in Vietnam. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar

Nguyen, T. (2013). Grading Regulators: The Impact of Global and Local Indicators on Vietnam’s Business Governance. New York University Law Review, 88(6), 2254–86.Google Scholar

Nguyen, T. P. (2017a). Legal Consciousness and Workers’ Resistance in Đồng Nai Province, Vietnam. Asian Journal of Comparative Law, 12(2), 311–33.Google Scholar

Nguyen, T. P. (2017b). Workplace (In)Justice, Law and Labour Resistance in Vietnam. PhD dissertation, Australian National University.Google Scholar

Nguyen, T. P. (2018). Labour Law and (In)justice in Workers’ Letters in Vietnam. Asian Journal of Law and Society, 5(1), 29–47.Google Scholar

Nguyen, T. P. (2019). Workplace Justice: Rights and Labour Resistance in Vietnam. Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Nguyen, T. P. (2021a). Addressing Gender Discrimination in Vietnam’s Light Manufacturing Industry: What Role for Labor Law? Asian Journal of Social Science, 50(1), 44–52.Google Scholar

Nguyen, T. P. (2021b). Unfulfilled Justice: Law and Morality in the Resolution of Workers’ Protests at Texwell Vina in Vietnam. Journal of Vietnamese Studies, 16(2), 30–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Nguyen, T. V., Le, N. T. B., Dinh, H. L. H., and Pham, H. T. L.. (2020). Do Entrepreneurial Firms Suffer More from Bribery? An Empirical Study of Businesses in Vietnam. Post-Communist Economies, 32(7), 877–903.Google Scholar

Nguyễn, H. D. (2010). Hệ thống chính sách an sinh xã hội ở Việt Nam: Thực trạng và định hướng phát triển [Social security policies and system in Vietnam: Current situation and directions for development]. Tạp chí Khoa học ĐHQGHN, Kinh tế và Kinh doanh, 26, 118–28.Google Scholar

Nicholson, P. (2010). Access to Justice in Vietnam: State Supply – Private Distrust. In Gillespie, J. and Chen, A. H. Y., eds., Legal Reforms in China and Vietnam: A Comparison of Asian Communist Regimes. Oxford & New York: Routledge, pp. 188–216.Google Scholar

Nielsen, L. B. (2000). Situating Legal Consciousness: Experiences and Attitudes of Ordinary Citizens about Law and Street Harassment. Law & Society Review, 34, 1055–90.Google Scholar

Nys, I., Stevens, Y., and Forman, J.. (2017). Early Access to Occupational Pension Plans. European Journal of Social Security, 19(2), 186–206.Google Scholar

O’Brien, K. and Li, L.. (2006). Rightful Resistance in Rural China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Oxfam. (2015). Brief Report: Legal and Practice Barriers for Migrant Workers in the Access to Social Protection. Labor Rights Program of Oxfam in Vietnam.Google Scholar

Painter, M. (2008). From Command Economy to Hollow State? Decentralisation in Vietnam and China. The Australian Journal of Public Administration, 67(1), 79–88.Google Scholar

Pang, I. (2019). The Legal Construction of Precarity: Lessons from the Construction Sectors in Beijing and Delhi. Critical Sociology, 45(4/5), 549–64.Google Scholar

Paret, M. and Gleeson, S.. (2016). Precarity and Agency through a Migration Lens. Citizenship Studies, 20(3/4), 277–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Parry, J. (2018). Introduction: Precarity, Class, and the Neoliberal Subject. In Hann, C. and Parry, J., eds., Industrial Labor on the Margins of Capitalism: Precarity, Class, and the Neoliberal Subject. New York & Oxford: Berghahn Books, pp. 1–38.Google Scholar

Pham, D. N. (2005). Confucianism and the Conception of the Law in Vietnam. In Gillespie, J. and Nicholson, P., eds., The Dynamics of Vietnamese and Chinese Reform. Canberra: ANU E Press and Asia Pacific Press, pp. 76–90.Google Scholar

Phung, T. D. (2019). Hỗ Trợ Doanh Nghiệp Nhỏ và Vừa Việt Nam Phát Triển Trong Giai Đoạn Hiện Nay [Supporting the growth of small and medium enterprises in Vietnam in current times]. Tạp Chí Tài Chính. Available at: https://tapchitaichinh.vn/tai-chinh-kinh-doanh/ho-tro-doanh-nghiep-nho-va-vua-viet-nam-phat-trien-trong-giai-doan-hien-nay-314736.html (Accessed May 31, 2022).Google Scholar

Pils, E. (2016). Resisting Dignity Takings in China. Law & Social Inquiry, 41(4), 888–916.Google Scholar

Platt, M., Baey, G., Yeoh, B. S. A., Khoo, C. Y., and Lam, T.. (2017). Debt, Precarity and Gender: Male and Female Temporary Labour Migrants in Singapore. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 43(1), 119–36.Google Scholar

Porta, D., Hanninen, S., Siisiainen, M., and Silvasti, T.. (2015). The Precarization Effect. In Porta, D., Hanninen, S., Siisiainen, M., and Silvasti, T., eds., The New Social Division: Making and Unmaking Precariousness. London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 1–24.Google Scholar

Prime Minister of Vietnam. (2017). Decision 1258/QD-TTg on Issuing Plans to Implement the Campaign on “The Nation Joins Hands for Poor People – Not Leaving Anyone Behind” from 2016 to 2020. Hà Nội.Google Scholar

Ren, X. (2018). Governing the Informal: Housing Policies over Informal Settlements in China, India, and Brazil. Housing Policy Debate, 28(1), 79–93.Google Scholar

Rubin, M. (2018). At the Borderlands of Informal Practices of the State: Negotiability, Porosity and Exceptionality. Journal of Development Studies, 54(12), 2227–42.Google Scholar

Sarat, A. (1990). The Law Is All Over: Power, Resistance and the Legal Consciousness of the Welfare Poor. Yale Journal of Law and the Humanities, 2(2), 343–79.Google Scholar

Sarat, A. and Kearns, T. R.. (1995). Introduction. In Sarat, A. and Kearns, T. R., eds., Law’s Violence. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, pp. 1–22.Google Scholar

Schendel, W. and Abraham, I.. (2005). Introduction: The Making of Illicitness. In Schendel, W. and Abraham, I., eds., Illicit Flows and Criminal Things: State, Borders, and the Other Side of Globalization. Bloomington & Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, pp. 1–37.Google Scholar

Schwenkel, C. (2015). Reclaiming Rights to the Socialist City: Bureaucratic Artefacts and the Affective Appeal of Petitions. South East Asia Research, 23(2), 205–25.Google Scholar

Schwenkel, C. and Leshkowich, A. M.. (2012). Introduction: How Is Neoliberalism Good to Think Vietnam? How Is Vietnam Good to Think Neoliberalism? Positions: Asia Critique, 20(2), 379–401.Google Scholar

Sidel, M. (2008). Law and Society in Vietnam: The Transition from Socialism in Comparative Perspective. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Smith, D. J. (2007). A Culture of Corruption: Everyday Deception and Popular Discontent in Nigeria. Princeton, NJ, & Oxford: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar

Springer, S. (2013). Illegal Evictions? Overwriting Possession and Orality with Law’s Violence in Cambodia. Journal of Agrarian Change, 13(4), 520–46.Google Scholar

Standing, G. (2011). The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class. London & New York: Bloomsbury Academic.Google Scholar

Standing Committee of the National Assembly of Vietnam. (2020). Decree on the Organization of Administrative Units at the Ward and Commune Levels and the Establishment of Thu Duc City of Ho Chi Minh City. Hà Nội.Google Scholar

Su, L. H. L. (2018). Resistance, Evasion, and Inequality: Legal Consciousness of Intellectual Property Laws in Two Chinese Markets. Asian Journal of Law and Society, 5(1), 69–89.Google Scholar

Tappe, Oliver. (2019). Patterns of Precarity: Historical Trajectories of Vietnamese Labour Mobility. Trans-Regional and -National Studies of Southeast Asia, 7(1), 19–42.Google Scholar

Taylor, P. (2004). Introduction: Social Inequality in a Socialist State. In Taylor, P., ed., Social Inequality in Vietnam and the Challenges to Reform. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, pp. 1–40.Google Scholar

Thanh Niên. (2017). Vi phạm xây dựng không phép, sai phép ở TPHCM tăng cao [Violations in construction without and in variation from permits in Ho Chi Minh city increase]. Available at: https://thanhnien.vn/tai-chinh-kinh-doanh/vi-pham-xay-dung-khong-phep-sai-phep-o-tphcm-tang-cao-882011.html (Accessed April 10, 2019).Google Scholar

Thanh Niên. (2019a). Nợ bảo hiểm xã hội giảm mạnh, thấp nhất từ trước đến nay [Social insurance debts reduced drastically to the lowest level so far]. Available at: https://thanhnien.vn/thoi-su/no-bao-hiem-xa-hoi-giam-manh-thap-nhat-tu-truoc-den-nay-1043583.html (Accessed April 10, 2019).Google Scholar

Thanh Niên. (2019b). “Quan” làm sai sao nói được dân: Phải xử nghiêm “quan” làm sai [How could wrongful “mandarins” give order to the citizens: Wrongful “mandarins” must be strictly dealt with]. Available at: https://thanhnien.vn/thoi-su/quan-lam-sai-sao-noi-duoc-dan-phai-xu-nghiem-quan-lam-sai-1139651.html (Accessed July 30, 2020).Google Scholar

Thanh Niên. (2019c). Vì sao Thủ Đức thành “điểm nóng” xây dựng trái phép? “Quan” làm sai sao nói được dân! [Why does Thu Duc become the “hot spot” of illegal construction? How could wrongful “mandarins” give order to the citizens?] Available at: https://thanhnien.vn/thoi-su/vi-sao-thu-duc-thanh-diem-nong-xay-dung-trai-phep-quan-lam-sai-sao-noi-duoc-dan-1139265.html (Accessed July 30, 2020).Google Scholar

Thanh Niên. (2020). Tết buồn cho những công nhân Đồng Nai mất nhà vì xây trái phép: Vì đâu nên nỗi? [A sad Tết for workers in Đồng Nai who lost their house due to illegal construction: How come that happened?]. Available at: https://thanhnien.vn/thoi-su/tet-buon-cho-nhung-cong-nhan-dong-nai-mat-nha-vi-xay-trai-phep-vi-dau-nen-noi-1173525.html (Accessed July 30, 2020).Google Scholar

Thayer, C. A. (2009). Political Legitimacy of Vietnam’s One Party-State: Challenges and Responses. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 28(4), 47–70.Google Scholar

Tiền Phong. (2015). Vì sao công nhân phản đối Luật Bảo hiểm xã hội mới? [Why do workers protest against the new Law on Social Insurance?]. Available at: www.tienphong.vn/xa-hoi/vi-sao-cong-nhan-phan-doi-luat-bao-hiem-xa-hoi-moi-841378.tpo (Accessed November 13, 2018).Google Scholar

Tiền Phong. (2019). Đập nhà dân, chừa nhà … “quan” [Smashing the citizens’ houses, sparing the … “mandarins”]. Available at: www.tienphong.vn/xa-hoi/dap-nha-dan-chua-nha-quan-1479091.tpo (Accessed July 30, 2020).Google Scholar

Trần, A. N. (2013). Ties That Bind: Cultural Identity, Class, and Law in Vietnam’s Labor Resistance. Ithaca, NY: Cornell Southeast Asia Program Publications.Google Scholar

Tran, A. N. and Norlund, I.. (2015). Globalization, Industrialization, and Labor Markets in Vietnam. Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 20(1), 143–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Tran, T. Q. H. (2019). The Choice of Norms in Courtroom Adjudication in Vietnam: In Search of Legitimacy in a Socialist Regulatory Context. Asian Journal of Law and Society, 6(1), 159–79.Google Scholar

Trinh, K. L. (2015). The Right to Strike in Vietnam’s Private Sector. Asian Journal of Law and Society, 2(1), 115–35.Google Scholar

Tsuruga, I., da Cunha, N. M., and Nguyễn, Q. A.. (2019). Báo cáo tóm lược các phương án xây dựng hệ thống hưu trí đa tầng ở Việt Nam [Brief report on plans to develop a multitiered pension system in Vietnam]. International Labour Organization, Vietnam.Google Scholar

Tuổi Trẻ. (2014). Thực hiện cân bằng quỹ bảo hiểm xã hội [Measures to balance the social insurance fund]. Available at: https://tuoitre.vn/thuc-hien-can-bang-quy-bao-hiem-xa-hoi-607239.htm (Accessed August 23, 2019).Google Scholar

Tuổi Trẻ. (2017a). Không có nước nào lương về hưu như Việt Nam [Nowhere is the pension similar to that in Vietnam]. Available at: https://tuoitre.vn/khong-co-nuoc-nao-luong-ve-huu-nhu-viet-nam-20171101092348009.htm (Accessed May 10, 2020).Google Scholar

Tuổi Trẻ. (2017b). Lương hưu Việt Nam: Người dưới 1,3 triệu, người hơn 100 triệu [Pension in Vietnam: Some people have less than 1.3 million [dong], some more than 100 million]. Available at: https://tuoitre.vn/luong-huu-viet-nam-nguoi-duoi-1-3-trieu-nguoi-hon-100-trieu-20171031174749432.htm (Accessed May 10, 2020).Google Scholar

Tuổi Trẻ. (2017c). Vi phạm xây dựng giống như “bom nổ chậm” [Construction violations are similar to an “impending explosion”]. Available at: https://tuoitre.vn/vi-pham-xay-dung-giong-nhu-bom-no-cham-20170925103615875.htm (Accessed May 10, 2020).Google Scholar

Tuổi Trẻ. (2018). Khổ vì mua đất nông nghiệp để ở [Caught in difficulties after buying agricultural land to live on]. Available at: https://tuoitre.vn/kho-vi-mua-dat-nong-nghiep-de-o-20181014091143191.htm (Accessed May 10, 2020).Google Scholar

Van Gelder, J.-L. (2013). Paradoxes of Urban Housing Informality in the Developing World. Law & Society Review, 47(3), 493–522.Google Scholar

Vasavakul, T. (2014). Authoritarianism Reconfigured: Evolving Accountability Relations within Vietnam’s One-Party Rule. In London, J. D., Politics in Contemporary Vietnam: Party, State, and Authority Relations, London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 42–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Võ, Q. H. and Cao, H. T.. (2010). Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến dự định nghỉ việc của công chức – viên chức nhà nước [Factors affecting planned resignation of state employees and officials], Tạp chí phát triển KH&CN, 13(1), 5–16.Google Scholar

Vosko, L. (2010). Managing the Margins: Gender, Citizenship, and the International Regulation of Precarious Employment. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar

Vu, C. G. and Tran, K.. (2016). Constitutional Debate and Development on Human Rights in Vietnam. Asian Journal of Comparative Law, 11(2), 235–62.Google Scholar

Vu, T. (2005). Workers and the Socialist State: North Vietnam’s State–Labor Relations, 1945–1970. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 38(3), 329–56.Google Scholar

Wallace, C., Shmulyar, O., and Bedsir, V.. (1999). Investing in Social Capital: The Case of Small-Scale, Cross-Border Traders in Post-Communist Central Europe. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 23(4), 751–70.Google Scholar

Wells-Dang, A. (2014). Civil Society Networks in Cambodia and Vietnam: A Comparative Analysis. In Waibel, G., Ehlert, J., and Feur, H. N., Southeast Asia and the Civil Society Gaze: Scoping a Contested Concept in Cambodia and Vietnam. Oxford & New York: Routledge, pp. 61–76.Google Scholar

West, C. and Zimmerman, D. H.. (1987). Doing Gender. Gender and Society, 1(2), 125–51.Google Scholar

White, L. (1990). Subordination, Rhetorical Survival Skills, and Sunday Shoes: Notes on the Hearing of Mrs. G. Buffalo Law Review, 38(1), 1–58.Google Scholar

World Bank. n.d.(a). Inflation, Consumer Prices (Annual%) – Vietnam. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG?locations=VN (Accessed May 10, 2020).Google Scholar

World Bank. n.d.(b). Vietnam Overview. Available at: www.worldbank.org/en/country/vietnam/overview (Accessed December 1, 2020).Google Scholar

World Bank. (2019). Early Access to Pension Savings: International Experience and Lessons Learnt. Washington: The World Bank Group.Google Scholar

Wu, F., Zhang, F., and Webster, C.. (2013). Informality and the Development and Demolition of Urban Villages in the Chinese Peri-Urban Area. Urban Studies, 50(10), 1919–34.Google Scholar

Yip, N. and Tran, H. A.. (2008). Urban Housing Reform and State Capacity in Vietnam. The Pacific Review, 21(2), 189–210.Google Scholar

Young, K. M. (2020). Everyone Knows the Game: Legal Consciousness in the Hawaiian Cockfight. Law & Society Review, 48(3), 499–530.Google Scholar