Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Preface
- Acknowledgements
- Chapter 1 The IPM paradigm: concepts, strategies and tactics
- Chapter 2 Economic impacts of IPM
- Chapter 3 Economic decision rules for IPM
- Chapter 4 Decision making and economic risk in IPM
- Chapter 5 IPM as applied ecology: the biological precepts
- Chapter 6 Population dynamics and species interactions
- Chapter 7 Sampling for detection, estimation and IPM decision making
- Chapter 8 Application of aerobiology to IPM
- Chapter 9 Introduction and augmentation of biological control agents
- Chapter 10 Crop diversification strategies for pest regulation in IPM systems
- Chapter 11 Manipulation of arthropod pathogens for IPM
- Chapter 12 Integrating conservation biological control into IPM systems
- Chapter 13 Barriers to adoption of biological control agents and biological pesticides
- Chapter 14 Integrating pesticides with biotic and biological control for arthropod pest management
- Chapter 15 Pesticide resistance management
- Chapter 16 Assessing environmental risks of pesticides
- Chapter 17 Assessing pesticide risks to humans: putting science into practice
- Chapter 18 Advances in breeding for host plant resistance
- Chapter 19 Resistance management to transgenic insecticidal plants
- Chapter 20 Role of biotechnology in sustainable agriculture
- Chapter 21 Use of pheromones in IPM
- Chapter 22 Insect endocrinology and hormone-based pest control products in IPM
- Chapter 23 Eradication: strategies and tactics
- Chapter 24 Insect management with physical methods in pre- and post-harvest situations
- Chapter 25 Cotton arthropod IPM
- Chapter 26 Citrus IPM
- Chapter 27 IPM in greenhouse vegetables and ornamentals
- Chapter 28 Vector and virus IPM for seed potato production
- Chapter 29 IPM in structural habitats
- Chapter 30 Fire ant IPM
- Chapter 31 Integrated vector management for malaria
- Chapter 32 Gypsy moth IPM
- Chapter 33 IPM for invasive species
- Chapter 34 IPM information technology
- Chapter 35 Private-sector roles in advancing IPM adoption
- Chapter 36 IPM: ideals and realities in developing countries
- Chapter 37 The USA National IPM Road Map
- Chapter 38 The role of assessment and evaluation in IPM implementation
- Chapter 39 From IPM to organic and sustainable agriculture
- Chapter 40 Future of IPM: a worldwide perspective
- Index
- References
Chapter 26 - Citrus IPM
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 September 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Preface
- Acknowledgements
- Chapter 1 The IPM paradigm: concepts, strategies and tactics
- Chapter 2 Economic impacts of IPM
- Chapter 3 Economic decision rules for IPM
- Chapter 4 Decision making and economic risk in IPM
- Chapter 5 IPM as applied ecology: the biological precepts
- Chapter 6 Population dynamics and species interactions
- Chapter 7 Sampling for detection, estimation and IPM decision making
- Chapter 8 Application of aerobiology to IPM
- Chapter 9 Introduction and augmentation of biological control agents
- Chapter 10 Crop diversification strategies for pest regulation in IPM systems
- Chapter 11 Manipulation of arthropod pathogens for IPM
- Chapter 12 Integrating conservation biological control into IPM systems
- Chapter 13 Barriers to adoption of biological control agents and biological pesticides
- Chapter 14 Integrating pesticides with biotic and biological control for arthropod pest management
- Chapter 15 Pesticide resistance management
- Chapter 16 Assessing environmental risks of pesticides
- Chapter 17 Assessing pesticide risks to humans: putting science into practice
- Chapter 18 Advances in breeding for host plant resistance
- Chapter 19 Resistance management to transgenic insecticidal plants
- Chapter 20 Role of biotechnology in sustainable agriculture
- Chapter 21 Use of pheromones in IPM
- Chapter 22 Insect endocrinology and hormone-based pest control products in IPM
- Chapter 23 Eradication: strategies and tactics
- Chapter 24 Insect management with physical methods in pre- and post-harvest situations
- Chapter 25 Cotton arthropod IPM
- Chapter 26 Citrus IPM
- Chapter 27 IPM in greenhouse vegetables and ornamentals
- Chapter 28 Vector and virus IPM for seed potato production
- Chapter 29 IPM in structural habitats
- Chapter 30 Fire ant IPM
- Chapter 31 Integrated vector management for malaria
- Chapter 32 Gypsy moth IPM
- Chapter 33 IPM for invasive species
- Chapter 34 IPM information technology
- Chapter 35 Private-sector roles in advancing IPM adoption
- Chapter 36 IPM: ideals and realities in developing countries
- Chapter 37 The USA National IPM Road Map
- Chapter 38 The role of assessment and evaluation in IPM implementation
- Chapter 39 From IPM to organic and sustainable agriculture
- Chapter 40 Future of IPM: a worldwide perspective
- Index
- References
Summary
IPM programs are designed to keep plants healthy and economically productive while minimizing environmental impact. Citrus (Citrus spp.) as clonally propagated perennial crops are subject to many graft-transmissible diseases caused by viruses, viroids and systemic prokaryotes. Some of these graft-transmissible diseases can be very destructive and even threaten the continued production of citrus in a production area, whereas other diseases cause minor losses. The starting point for an IPM program for citrus is to begin with healthy plants. The concept of planting with healthy plants in citrus began almost simultaneously with the discovery that some diseases of citrus were caused by graft-transmissible pathogens (GTPs). Indicator plants grafted with parts of diseased trees subsequently show characteristic symptoms for the disease (Fawcett, 1938). The concept of a clean stock program evolved from the finding that the disease could be prevented by using graft propagations from source trees that were free of the disease. Applications of this concept led to the development of regional and national clean stock programs and certification programs. GTPs of citrus which do not have insect vectors or other natural means of spread are easily controlled by use of clean, or “pathogen-tested,” budwood, but diseases which have a natural means of spread, such as insects, are more difficult to control. However, beginning with healthy plants is even more important for the management and control of these naturally spread graft-transmissible diseases.
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- Information
- Integrated Pest ManagementConcepts, Tactics, Strategies and Case Studies, pp. 341 - 353Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2008