The first Chilean constitutional republican experience of self government is examined, that includes the Declaration of Independence, the first Constitutions and the new efforts in the construction of an idea of citizenship. The First Republic is a search for an Independent Republic (1810-1830) that gives self government. It was also characterized by the development and creation of republican institutions. One of its main moments is the Declaration of Independence and the constitutional experiments of 1818, 1822, 1823 and 1826 that show a process of political trial and error. The consolidation of the First Republic is at last possible in the 1828 Constitution. The rise of new political agents and the end of the First Republic is finally explained