Chapter 8 elaborates further on the public policies needed for “greening” economic activity and promoting better stewardship of the environment. The focus is primarily on strategies that governments might adopt to achieve economy-wide green transformation for more efficient, sustainable and inclusive development. The chapter explores what these short- and long-term policy efforts will look like, providing examples from both major economies and low- and middle-income countries. At the center is ending the underpricing of nature to unleash the economic potential of green developments for generating economy-wide innovation and prosperity, and more equitable income and wealth distribution.