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Against ‘Normal Science’

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 August 2014

J. W. N. Watkins
Affiliation:
London School of Economics
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Summary

I

A few weeks ago I was asked to reply to Professor Kuhn this afternoon. Feyerabend and Lakatos were to have given the other papers; but the first could not come and the second found that, in arranging this colloquium, he had brought into existence a many-headed monster attending to whose multiplying demands would keep him busy approximately twentyfour hours a day.

This unexpected invitation made me very happy. Kuhn enjoys a unique position in the English speaking world as a philosophically-minded historian and historically-minded philosopher of science. I felt that it would be a privilege and a pleasure to reply to his paper.

For Kuhn, however, the programme change was not so agreeable. He had expected that Feyerabend and Lakatos would write independent papers so that his own would not need to be ready until this afternoon. Now he found that I was to reply to his paper, which rather suggested that I should see it beforehand. He responded heroically, rushing bits of his paper across the Atlantic as they left his typewriter. During much of last week I felt like a reader of a cliff-hanging serial, eagerly awaiting the next instalment. Thus my own paper has been written in a rush; and this has, I fear, aggravated my tendency to wave aside details and qualifications in trying to come to grips with someone's ideas.

Type
Chapter
Information
Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge
Proceedings of the International Colloquium in the Philosophy of Science, London, 1965
, pp. 25 - 38
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1970

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References

Agassi, [1963] : Towards an Historiography of Science, 1963.Google Scholar
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Halley, [1687]: Review of Newton's Principia, Philosophical Transactions, 1687. Reprinted in I. B. Cohen (ed.): Isaac Newton's Papers and Letters on Natural Philosophy, 1958, pp. 405–11.Google Scholar
Kuhn, [1962]: The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 1962.Google Scholar
Newton, [1669]: Manuscript, reprinted in Turnbull (ed.): The Correspondence of Isaac Newton, 1, pp. 297-303.Google Scholar
Newton, [1687]: Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, 1687.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Popper, [1934] : Logik der Forschung, 1935.Google Scholar
Popper, [1957]: ‘The Aim of Science’, Ratio, 1, pp. 24-35.Google Scholar
Popper, [1963]: Conjectures and Refutations, 1963.Google Scholar
Shapere, [1964] : ‘The Structure of Scientific Revolutions’, The Philosophical Review, 73, pp. 383–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wheeler, [1956] : ‘A Septet of Sibyls : Aids in the Search for Truth’, The American Scientist, 44, PP. 360–77.Google Scholar

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