Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-03T02:10:44.594Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

5 - Applied Implications and Subversive Science

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 May 2018

Charles G. Curtin
Affiliation:
University of Montana
Timothy F. H. Allen
Affiliation:
University of Wisconsin, Madison
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Complex Ecology
Foundational Perspectives on Dynamic Approaches to Ecology and Conservation
, pp. 388 - 566
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Acheson, J. M. (1988). The Lobster Gangs of Maine. Hanover, NH: University of New England Press.Google Scholar
Allen, T. F. H. and Starr, T. B. (2017). Hierarchy (second edition). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Benessia, A. et al. (2016). The Rightful Place of Science: Science on the Verge. Tempe, AZ: Consortium for Science, Policy and Outcomes at Arizona State University.Google Scholar
Bergandi, D. (1995). Reductionist holism: an oxymoron or a philosophical chimera of Eugene Odum’s systems ecology? Laudus Vitalis: Journal of Philosophy and Life Sciences, 3, 145178.Google Scholar
Berkes, F. and Folke, C., editors (1998). Linking Social and Ecological Systems. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Brown, J. H. and Kodric-Brown, A. (1977). Turnover rates in insular biogeography: effect of immigration on extinction. Ecology, 58, 445449.Google Scholar
Brown, J. H. et al. (2011). Energetic limits to economic growth. BioScience, 61, 1926.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, V. A., Harris, J. A. and Russell, J. Y. (2010). Tackling Wicked Problems: Through the Transdisciplinary Imagination. London: Earthscan Press.Google Scholar
Buell, F. (2003). From Apocalypse to Way of Life: Environmental Crisis in the American Century. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Cain, S. A. (1938). The species-area curve. American Midland Naturalist, 19, 573581.Google Scholar
Checkland, P. B. (1985). From optimizing to learning: a development of systems thinking for the 1990s. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 36, 757767.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Choi, J. S., Frank, K. T., Petrie, P. D. and Leggett, W. C. (2005). Integrated assessment of a large marine ecosystem: a case study of the devolution of the eastern Scotian Shelf, Canada. Annual Review of Oceanography and Marine Biology, 43, 4767.Google Scholar
Clark, W. C. and Munn, R. E., editors (1986). Sustainable Development and the Biosphere. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Clark, W. C., Jones, D. D. and Holling, C. S. (1979). Lessons for ecological policy design. Ecological Modeling, 7, 153.Google Scholar
Clements, F. (1916). Plant Succession: An Analysis of the Development of Vegetation. Washington, DC: Carnegie Institute of Washington.Google Scholar
Cohen, J. E. (1971). Mathematics as metaphor: a review of “Dynamical System Theory in Biology. Vol. 1, Stability Theory and Its Applications by Robert Rosen.” Science, 172, 3984.Google Scholar
Curtin, C. G. (2015). The Science of Open Space: Theory and Practice for Conserving Large, Complex Systems. Washington, DC: Island Press.Google Scholar
Curtin, C. G. and Parker, J. P. (2014). Foundations of resilience science. Conservation Biology, 4, 912923.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diamond, J. M. (1972). Biogeographic kinetics: estimation of relaxation times for avifaunas of southwest Pacific islands. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 69, 31993203.Google Scholar
Diamond, J. M. (1975). The island dilemma: lessons of modern biogeographic studies for the design of natural reserves. Biological Conservation, 7, 129146.Google Scholar
Dullinger, S. et al. (2013). Europe’s other debt crisis caused by the long legacy of future extinctions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110, 73427347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elton, C. (1927). Animal Ecology. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Fel’dbaum, A. A. (1961). Dual control theory. Parts I and II. Automation and Remote Control, 21(9), 874880 and 21(11), 10331039 (Russian original published September 1960).Google Scholar
Folke, C. (2006). Resilience: the emergence of a perspective for social–ecological systems analyses. Global Environmental Change, 16: 253267.Google Scholar
Forman, R. T. T. (1995). Land Mosaics: The Ecology of Landscapes and Regions. Washington, DC: Island Press.Google Scholar
Forrester, J. (1971). Counterintuitive behavior of social systems. Technology Review, 73, 5268.Google Scholar
Funtowicz, S. and Ravetz, J. (1985). Three types of risk assessment: a methodological analysis. In Covello, V. T., Mumpower, J. L., Stallen, P. J. M. and Uppuluri, V. R. R. (editors), Environmental Impact Assessment, Technology Assessment, and Risk Analysis, pp. 831848. Berlin: Springer.Google Scholar
Funtowicz, S. and Ravetz, J. (1991). A new scientific methodology for global environmental issues. In Costanza, R. (editor), Ecological Economics. The Science and Management of Sustainability, pp. 137152. New York: Columbia Press.Google Scholar
Funtowicz, S. O. and Ravetz, J. R. (1992). The good, the true and the post-modern. Futures, 24, 963976.Google Scholar
Funtowicz, S. and Ravetz, J. (1993). Science for the post-normal age. Futures, 25, 739755.Google Scholar
Funtowicz, S. and Ravetz, J. (1994). The worth of a songbird: ecological economics as a post-normal science. Ecological Economics, 10, 197207.Google Scholar
Gafta, D. and Akeroyd, J. R. (2006). Nature Conservation: Concepts and Practice. New York: Springer.Google Scholar
Gates, D. M. and Schmerl, R. B., editors (2012). Perspectives of Biophysical Ecology, Volume 12. New York: Springer Science & Business Media.Google Scholar
Gell-Mann, M. (1994). The Quark and the Jaguar: Adventures in the Simple and the Complex. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Gibbons, M., Limoges, C., Nowotny, H., Schwartzman, S., Scott, P. and Trow, M. (1994). The New Production of Knowledge: The Dynamics of Science and Research in Contemporary Societies. London: SAGE.Google Scholar
Goreham, S. (2013). The Mad, Mad World of Climatism. New Lenox, IL: New Lenox Books.Google Scholar
Grinnell, J. (1917). The niche-relationships of the California thrasher. The Auk, 34, 427433.Google Scholar
Gunderson, L. H. and Holling, C. S. (2002). Panarchy: Understanding Transformations in Human and Natural Systems. Washington, DC: Island Press.Google Scholar
Gunderson, L. H., Holling, C. S. and Light, S. S. (1995). Barriers and Bridges to the Renewal of Ecosystems and Institutions. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Hardin, G. (1968). The tragedy of the commons. Science, 162, 12431248.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hays, S. P. (1989). Beauty, Health, and Permanence: Environmental Politics in the United States, 1955–1985. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Holland, J. (1995). Hidden Order: How Adaptation Builds Complexity. New York: Helix Books.Google Scholar
Holling, C. S. (1973). Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 4, 123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holling, C. S. (1986). The resilience of terrestrial ecosystems: local surprise and global change. In Clark, W. C. and Munn, R. E. (editors), Sustainable Development of the Biosphere, pp. 292317. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Holling, C. S. (2006). A journey of discovery. www.resilience.org/2561.php.Google Scholar
Holling, C. S. and Meffe, G. K. (1996). Command and control and the pathology of natural resource management. Conservation Biology, 10, 328337.Google Scholar
Homer-Dixon, T. (2006). The Upside of Down: Catastrophe, Creativity, and the Renewal of Civilization. Washington, DC: Island Press.Google Scholar
Innes, J. E. and Booher, D. E. (1999). Consensus building and complex adaptive systems: a framework for evaluating collaborative planning. Journal of the American Planning Association, 65, 412423.Google Scholar
Ison, R. and Collins, K. (2008). Public policy that does the right thing, rather than the wrong thing righter. In Analyzing Collaborative and Deliberative Forms of Governance. Crawford School of Economics and Government. Canberra: Australian National University.Google Scholar
Jones, C.G. and Lawton, J. K. (1995). Linking Species and Ecosystems. New York: Chapman Hall.Google Scholar
Kauffman, S. (1993). Origins of Order: Self-Organization and Selection in Evolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Keller, D. R. and Golley, F. B., editors (2000). The Philosophy of Ecology: From Science to Synthesis. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.Google Scholar
Koestler, A. and Smythies, J. R. (1969). Beyond Reductionism: New Perspectives in the Life Sciences. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.Google Scholar
Kuhn, T. S. (1962). Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Kuussaari, M., Bommarco, R., Heikkinen, R. K., Helm, A., Krauss, J., Lindborg, R. and Stefanescu, C. (2009). Extinction debt: a challenge for biodiversity conservation. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 24, 564571.Google Scholar
Lee, K. (1993). Compass and Gyroscope. Washington, DC: Island Press.Google Scholar
Leopold, A. (1949). A Sand County Almanac. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Levin, S. A. (1999). Fragile Dominion: Complexity and the Commons. Boulder, CO: Perseus Books.Google Scholar
Lewin, R. (1999). Complexity: Life at the Edge of Chaos. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Ludwig, D. (2001). The era of management is over. Ecosystems, 4, 758764.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ludwig, D., Jones, D. D. and Holling, C. S. (1978). Qualitative analysis of insect outbreak systems: the spruce budworm and forest. Journal of Animal Ecology, 47, 315332.Google Scholar
MacArthur, R. H. (1955). Fluctuations of animal populations and a measure of community stability. Ecology, 36, 533536.Google Scholar
MacArthur, R. H. and Wilson, E. O. (1967). The Theory of Island Biogeography. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Marsh, G. P. (1864). Man and Nature. New York: Charles Scriber and Co.Google Scholar
May, R. M. (1972). Will a large complex system be stable? Nature, 238, 413414.Google Scholar
May, R. M. (1976). Simple mathematical models with very complicated dynamics. Nature, 261, 459467.Google Scholar
Meadows, D. (2001). Dancing with systems. Whole Earth, Winter 2001.Google Scholar
Meadows, D. H., Meadows, D. L., Randers, J. and Behrens, W. W. (1972). Limits to Growth. New York: Potomac Associates.Google Scholar
Meine, C. (1988). Aldo Leopold, his Life and Work. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Merchant, C. (2002). The Columbia Guide to Environmental History. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Mwangi, E. and Ostrom, E. (2009). Top-down solutions: looking up from East Africa’s rangelands. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, 51, 3445.Google Scholar
Norberg, J. and Cumming, G. S. (2008). Complexity Theory for a Sustainable Future. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
O’Neill, R. V. (2001). Is it time to bury the ecosystem concept? (with full military honors, of course!). Ecology, 82, 2753284.Google Scholar
Ostrom, E. (1990). Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Ostrom, E. (2007). A diagnostic approach for going beyond panaceas. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104, 1518115187.Google Scholar
Ostrom, E. et al. (2002). The Drama of the Commons. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.Google Scholar
Petersen, A. C., Cath, A., Hage, M., Kunseler, E. and van der Sluijs, J. P. (2011). Post-normal science in practice at the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency. Science, Technology & Human Values, 36, 362388.Google Scholar
Pickett, S. T. A. and White, P. S. (1986). The Ecology of Natural Disturbance and Patch Dynamics. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Pilkey, O. H. and Pilkey-Jarvis, L. (2007). Useless Arithmetic: Why Environmental Scientists Can’t Predict the Future. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Polanyi, K. (1944). The Great Transformation. New York: Farrar and Rinehart.Google Scholar
Pulliam, H. R. and Danielson, B. J. (1991). Sources, sinks, and habitat selection: a landscape perspective on population dynamics. The American Naturalist, 137, S50–S66.Google Scholar
Quammen, D. (1997). The Song of the Dodo: Island Biogeography in an Age of Extinction. New York: Scribner.Google Scholar
Ravetz, J. R. (1971). Scientific Knowledge and its Social Problems. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ravetz, J. R. (2006). Post-normal science and the Complexity of transitions towards sustainability. Ecological Complexity, 3, 275284.Google Scholar
Reinert, H. and Reinert, E. S. (2006). Creative destruction in economics: Nietzsche, Sombart, and Schumpeter. In Backhaus, J. G. and Drechsler, W. (editors), Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900): Economy and Society, Volume 3. New York: Springer Science & Business Media.Google Scholar
Rittel, H. W. J. and Webber, M. M. (1973). Dilemmas in a general theory of planning. Policy Science, 4, 155169.Google Scholar
Robinson, S. K., Thompson III, K. R., Donovan, T. M. and Faaborg, J. (1995). Regional forest fragmentation and the nesting success of migratory birds. Science, 267, 19871990.Google Scholar
Sax, D. F., Stachowicz, J. J. and Gaines, S. D. (2005). Species Invasions: Insights into Ecology, Evolution and Biogeography. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.Google Scholar
Schneider, S. H., Turner, B. L. and Garriga, H. M. (1998). Imaginable surprise in global change science. Journal of Risk Research, 1, 165185.Google Scholar
Schön, D. A. (1995). The new scholarship requires a new epistemology. Change, 27(6), 2734.Google Scholar
Schumpeter, J. A. (1942). Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy. New York: Harper Brothers.Google Scholar
Sears, P. (1930). Deserts on the March. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press.Google Scholar
Senge, P. M. (1990). The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of Organizational Learning. New York: Doubleday.Google Scholar
Shackley, S. and Wynne, B. (1996). Representing uncertainty in global climate change science and policy: boundary-ordering devices and authority. Science, Technology & Human Values, 21, 275302.Google Scholar
Smith, E. (1990). Chaos in fisheries management. Maritime Anthropological Studies, 3, 113.Google Scholar
Sombart, W. (1913). Krieg und Kapitalismus. Munich: Duncker & Humblot (in German).Google Scholar
Soulé, M. E. and Wilcox, B. A. (1980). Conservation Biology: An Evolutionary-Ecological Perspective. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Press.Google Scholar
Stokes, D. E. (1997). Pasteur’s Quadrant: Basic Science and Technological Innovation. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.Google Scholar
Tainter, J. (1990). The Collapse of Complex Societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Tansley, A. G. (1935). The use and abuse of vegetational concepts and terms. Ecology, 16, 284307.Google Scholar
Thomas, W. L., Sauer, C. O., Bates, M. and Mumford, L. (1956). Man’s Role in Changing the Face of the Earth. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Tilman, D., May, R. M., Lehman, C. L. and Nowak, M. A. (1994). Habitat destruction and the extinction debt. Nature, 371, 6566.Google Scholar
Tobey, R. C. (1981). Saving the Prairies: The Life Cycle of the Founding School of American Plant Ecology, 1895–1955. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Turner, B. L. et al. (1990). The Earth as Transformed by Human Action: Global and Regional Changes in the Biosphere over the past 300 Years. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Turner, B., Skole, D., Sanderson, S., Fischer, G., Fresco, L. and Leemans, R. (1995). Land-Use and Land-Cover Change. International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme, Report 35. Stockholm.Google Scholar
Turner, D. R. and Vitousek, P. M. (1987). Nodule biomass in the nitrogen-fixing alien Myrica faya in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. Pacific Science, 41, 186190.Google Scholar
Turnpenny, J., Jones, M. and Lorenzoni, I. (2011). Special issue on Post Normal Science. Science, Technology & Human Values, 38(3).Google Scholar
Vitousek, P. M. (1986). Biological invasions and ecosystem properties: can species make a difference? In Mooney, H. A. and Drake, J. (editors), Biological Invasions of North America and Hawaii, pp. 163176. New York: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Vitousek, P. M. (1990). Biological invasions and ecosystem processes: towards an integration of population biology and ecosystem studies. Oikos, 57, 713.Google Scholar
Vitousek, P. M. (1994). Beyond global warming: ecology and global change. Ecology, 75, 18611876.Google Scholar
Vitousek, P. M., Loope, L. L. and Stone, C. P. (1987). Introduced species in Hawaii: biological effects and opportunities for ecological research. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 2, 224227.Google Scholar
Walker, B. H., Ludwig, D., Holling, C. S. and Peterman, R. M. (1981). Stability of semiarid savanna grazing systems. Journal of Ecology, 69, 473498.Google Scholar
Watt, A. S. (1947). Pattern and process in the plant community. Journal of Ecology, 35, 122.Google Scholar
Weaver, W. (1948). Science and complexity. American Scientist, 36, 536547.Google Scholar
Weinberg, A. (1972) Science and trans-science. Minerva, 10, 209222.Google Scholar
Wiens, J. A. (2009). Landscape ecology as a foundation for sustainable conservation. Landscape Ecology, 24, 10531065.Google Scholar
Wilson, J. A. (2002). Scientific uncertainty, complex systems, and the design of common-pool institutions. In Ostrom, E., et al. (editors), The Drama of the Commons, pp. 327360. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.Google Scholar
Worster, D. (1977). Nature’s Economy: A History of Ecological Ideas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Worster, D. (1990). Ecology of order and chaos. Environmental History Review, 14, 118.Google Scholar
Wu, J. and Loucks, O. L. (1995). From balance of nature to hierarchical patch dynamics: a paradigm shift in ecology. Quarterly Review of Biology, 70, 439466.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×