Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- Contributors
- Part I Clinical Syndromes – General
- Part II Clinical Syndromes – Head and Neck
- Part III Clinical Syndromes – Eye
- Part IV Clinical Syndromes – Skin and Lymph Nodes
- Part V Clinical Syndromes – Respiratory Tract
- Part VI Clinical Syndromes – Heart and Blood Vessels
- Part VII Clinical Syndromes – Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Abdomen
- Part VIII Clinical Syndromes – Genitourinary Tract
- Part IX Clinical Syndromes – Musculoskeletal System
- Part X Clinical Syndromes – Neurologic System
- Part XI The Susceptible Host
- Part XII HIV
- Part XIII Nosocomial Infection
- Part XIV Infections Related to Surgery and Trauma
- Part XV Prevention of Infection
- Part XVI Travel and Recreation
- Part XVII Bioterrorism
- Part XVIII Specific Organisms – Bacteria
- Part XIX Specific Organisms – Spirochetes
- Part XX Specific Organisms – Mycoplasma and Chlamydia
- Part XXI Specific Organisms – Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma
- Part XXII Specific Organisms – Fungi
- Part XXIII Specific Organisms – Viruses
- 180 Cytomegalovirus
- 181 Dengue and Dengue-Like Illness
- 182 Enteroviruses
- 183 Epstein–Barr Virus and Other Causes of the Mononucleosis Syndrome
- 184 Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome in the Americas
- 185 Herpes Simplex Viruses 1 and 2
- 186 Human Herpesviruses 6, 7, and 8
- 187 Influenza
- 188 Papillomavirus
- 189 Acute and Chronic Parvovirus Infection
- 190 Rabies
- 191 Varicella-Zoster Virus
- 192 Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers
- Part XXIV Specific Organisms – Parasites
- Part XXV Antimicrobial Therapy – General Considerations
- Index
188 - Papillomavirus
from Part XXIII - Specific Organisms – Viruses
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 March 2013
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- Contributors
- Part I Clinical Syndromes – General
- Part II Clinical Syndromes – Head and Neck
- Part III Clinical Syndromes – Eye
- Part IV Clinical Syndromes – Skin and Lymph Nodes
- Part V Clinical Syndromes – Respiratory Tract
- Part VI Clinical Syndromes – Heart and Blood Vessels
- Part VII Clinical Syndromes – Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Abdomen
- Part VIII Clinical Syndromes – Genitourinary Tract
- Part IX Clinical Syndromes – Musculoskeletal System
- Part X Clinical Syndromes – Neurologic System
- Part XI The Susceptible Host
- Part XII HIV
- Part XIII Nosocomial Infection
- Part XIV Infections Related to Surgery and Trauma
- Part XV Prevention of Infection
- Part XVI Travel and Recreation
- Part XVII Bioterrorism
- Part XVIII Specific Organisms – Bacteria
- Part XIX Specific Organisms – Spirochetes
- Part XX Specific Organisms – Mycoplasma and Chlamydia
- Part XXI Specific Organisms – Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma
- Part XXII Specific Organisms – Fungi
- Part XXIII Specific Organisms – Viruses
- 180 Cytomegalovirus
- 181 Dengue and Dengue-Like Illness
- 182 Enteroviruses
- 183 Epstein–Barr Virus and Other Causes of the Mononucleosis Syndrome
- 184 Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome in the Americas
- 185 Herpes Simplex Viruses 1 and 2
- 186 Human Herpesviruses 6, 7, and 8
- 187 Influenza
- 188 Papillomavirus
- 189 Acute and Chronic Parvovirus Infection
- 190 Rabies
- 191 Varicella-Zoster Virus
- 192 Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers
- Part XXIV Specific Organisms – Parasites
- Part XXV Antimicrobial Therapy – General Considerations
- Index
Summary
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) cause 10 000 cases of cancer of the cervix each year, as well as 3700 deaths annually. In addition, they are the cause of the most common sexually transmitted disease, genital warts, with an annual incidence of 6.2 million and a prevalence of 20 million infections (Figure 188.1). Because they produce persistent infection that in most cases is subclinical and because they are easily transmitted via intercourse, they infect more than 75% of sexually active people during their lifetime.
Of the more than 100 different DNA types of HPV, distinguished on the basis of relatedness of their genomes, 40 infect the genital area. These 40 genital types fall into two groups, distinguished on the basis of the types of disease that they produce. The first group, which includes the two most common HPV types, 6 and 11, causes exophytic condylomata, referred to as genital warts (Figure 188.2), as well as low-grade dysplasia of the vulva, vagina, and cervix. The second group, typified by types 16 and 18, causes highgrade dysplasia of the cervix, vagina, and vulva, which appears as white areas after the application of acetic acid (Figure 188.3). Lowgrade dysplasia is referred to as squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) grade I, moderate dysplasia as SIL grade II, and severe dysplasia as SIL grade III. Both groups of HPV viruses may produce asymptomatic infection, subclinical disease, or clinically apparent disease (Figure 188.4).
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- Information
- Clinical Infectious Disease , pp. 1295 - 1300Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2008