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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 09 January 2025
The concept of temperament (ingenium) plays an underappreciated role in Spinoza’s practical philosophy. The Latin term ingenium signifies an innate disposition of mind or character. In the TTP, Spinoza refers to the ingenia of peoples and individuals, generally translated by Edwin Curley as their “mentality” (TTP3.44; TTP4.33; TTP5.7, 27–28; TTP16.62). In the Ethics, Spinoza grounds an individual’s affects and value judgments in their underlying ingenium, rendered by Curley as “temperament” (E3p31s, E4p37s1–2, E4p70d, E5p4s). Despite the difference in translation, there is reason to see the same notion of ingenium at work throughout Spinoza’s writings.
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