Modern Japanese poetic language passed through several phases in its attempt to establish a modern style, models for which were sought in various schools of modern European poetry. It was in 1917, the major breakthrough in the development of modern Japanese poetic language occurred, brought about by Hagiwara Sakutaro. The newness of Hagiwara's verse and its distinct colloquial style were intimately related to a sense of uneasiness and bewilderment in discovering the modern subject. Another influential figure was Nishiwaki Junzaburo, who published Fukuikutaru kafu yo, the first surrealist anthology in Japan. One of Nishiwaki's students, Takiguchi Shuzo, later became the central figure in the exploration of surrealist theory in Japan. The Japanese poetic scene of the immediate postwar period, the Russo-Japanese War, can be summed up as a series of attempts to start a new page. The most influential of the postwar movements was led by the Arechi group, which published a poetic journal The Waste Land.