This chapter reviews current research related to prevention, early interventions, and treatment strategies for "food addiction." However, the paucity of directly relevant investigation resulted in the necessity to broaden the focus to include studies in the area of general addiction disorders, and those targeting compulsive overeating and chronic weight gain. Included are discussions of school-based interventions aimed at reducing caloric intake, such as taxation on sweetened-beverage consumption, and the increased availability of fruits and vegetables in cafeteria menus. Consideration is also extended to discussions about the efficacy of public health policies and regulatory agencies aimed at reducing consumption of highly caloric foods at the population level – based on evidence of their addictive properties. This approach is based on past evidence that increasing prices and decreasing ease of access has reduced use of other addictive substances such as nicotine. Applied to addictive foods, this may indicate that implementing taxes on foods such as sugary candy and soda may aid in reducing consumption. Regarding treatment, although more focused research is still needed, perhaps the most promising evidence-based strategies occur in the field of cognitive interventions, which target hedonic overeating. These approaches are mostly theory driven and mesh with an experimental-medicine approach toward intervention development. It was also concluded that future research should carefully assess possible moderating effects of prevention/intervention and treatment approaches, including individual differences in sex/gender, personality traits such as impulsivity, and varying patterns of compulsive overeating. In addition, it would behoove future researchers to include standardized control groups in order to understand better the theoretical bases on which the interventions and treatments have been developed.