Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T08:12:18.271Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 24 - Plantar Fasciitis

from Part V - Extremities

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 December 2023

Omar Viswanath
Affiliation:
Creighton University, Omaha
Ivan Urits
Affiliation:
Southcoast Brain & Spine Center, Wareham
Get access

Summary

Plantar fasciitis (PF) is a common cause of chronic foot and heel pain in active and sedentary adults. It is present in approximately 0.85% of the population and is more common in the obese, women, and those aged 45?64 years. Point tenderness at the inferior calcaneus, radiation of pain to plantar fascia on dorsiflexion of ankle and extension of toes, and thickening of the plantar fascia on imaging are strong diagnostic indications of PF. Most cases of PF can be managed with conservative therapy, including weight loss, stretching, and foot strengthening, and NSAIDs LCI, PRP, and botulinum toxin-A injections at the plantar fascia are all effective in relief of symptoms and return of functionality in the foot. Treatments such as radiofrequency ablation of local nerves and ESWT are even superior to local injections and are effective in many patients refractory to all other treatment.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Cutts, S, Obi, N, Pasapula, C, Chan, W. Plantar fasciitis. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2012;94(8):539542.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Riddle, DL, Schappert, SM. Volume of ambulatory care visits and patterns of care for patients diagnosed with plantar fasciitis: A national study of medical doctors. Foot Ankle Int. 2004;25(5):303310.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tong, KB, Furia, J. Economic burden of plantar fasciitis treatment in the United States. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 2010;39(5):227231.Google ScholarPubMed
Thompson, JV, Saini, SS, Reb, CW, Daniel, JN. Diagnosis and management of plantar fasciitis. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2014;114(12):900906.Google ScholarPubMed
Muth, CC. Plantar fasciitis. JAMA. 2017;318(4):400. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.5806.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carek, PJ, Edenfield, KM, Michaudet, C, Nicolette, GW. Foot and ankle conditions: Plantar fasciitis. FP Essent. 2018;465:1117.Google ScholarPubMed
Nahin, RL. Prevalence and pharmaceutical treatment of plantar fasciitis in United States adults. J Pain. 2018;19(8):885896.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thing, J, Maruthappu, M, Rogers, J. Diagnosis and management of plantar fasciitis in primary care. Br J Gen Pract. 2012;62(601):443444. doi: 10.3399/bjgp12X653769.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, LE, Latt, DL. Chronic plantar fasciitis is mediated by local hemodynamics: Implications for emerging therapies. North Am J Med Sci. 2015;7(1):15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnson, RE, Haas, K, Lindow, K, Shields, R. Plantar fasciitis: What is the diagnosis and treatment? Orthop Nurs. 2014;33(4):198204.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bolgla, LA, Malone, TR. Plantar fasciitis and the Windlass mechanism: A biomechanical link to clinical practice. J Athl Train. 2004;39(1):7782.Google ScholarPubMed
De Garceau, D, Dean, D, Requejo, SM, Thordarson, DB. The association between diagnosis of plantar fasciitis and Windlass test results. Foot Ankle Int. 2003;24(3):251255.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sabir, N, Demirlenk, S, Yagci, B, Karabulut, N, Cubukcu, S. Clinical utility of sonography in diagnosing plantar fasciitis. J Ultrasound Med. 2005;24(8):10411048.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Osborne, HR, Breidahl, WH, Allison, GT. Critical differences in lateral X-rays with and without a diagnosis of plantar fasciitis. J Sci Med Sport. 2006;9(3):231237.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boules, M, Batayyah, E, Froylich, D et al. Effect of surgical weight loss on plantar fasciitis and health-care use. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2018;108(6):442448.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sharma, NK, Loudon, JK. Static progressive stretch brace as a treatment of pain and functional limitations associated with plantar fasciitis: A pilot study. Foot Ankle Spec. 2010;3(3):117124.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boonchum, H, Bovonsunthonchai, S, Sinsurin, K, Kunanusornchai, W. Effect of a home-based stretching exercise on multi-segmental foot motion and clinical outcomes in patients with plantar fasciitis. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2020;20(3):411420.Google ScholarPubMed
Siriphorn, A, Eksakulkla, S. Calf stretching and plantar fascia-specific stretching for plantar fasciitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2020;24(4):222232.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kamonseki, DH, Gonçalves, GA, Yi, LC, Júnior, IL. Effect of stretching with and without muscle strengthening exercises for the foot and hip in patients with plantar fasciitis: A randomized controlled single-blind clinical trial. Man Ther. 2016;23:7682.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Digiovanni, BF, Nawoczenski, DA, Malay, DP et al. Plantar fascia-specific stretching exercise improves outcomes in patients with chronic plantar fasciitis: A prospective clinical trial with two-year follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(8):17751781.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huffer, D, Hing, W, Newton, R, Clair, M. Strength training for plantar fasciitis and the intrinsic foot musculature: A systematic review. Phys Ther Sport. 2017;24:4452.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rathleff, MS, Mølgaard, CM, Fredberg, U et al. High-load strength training improves outcome in patients with plantar fasciitis: A randomized controlled trial with 12-month follow-up. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2015;25(3):292300.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hawke, F, Burns, J, Radford, JA, du Toit, V. Custom-made foot orthoses for the treatment of foot pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;(3):CD006801. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006801.pub2.Google ScholarPubMed
Bishop, C, Thewlis, D, Hillier, S. Custom foot orthoses improve first-step pain in individuals with unilateral plantar fasciopathy: A pragmatic randomised controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2018;19(1):222. doi: 10.1186/s12891-018-2131-6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wrobel, JS, Fleischer, AE, Crews, RT, Jarrett, B, Najafi, B. A randomized controlled trial of custom foot orthoses for the treatment of plantar heel pain. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2015;105(4):281294.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goff, JD, Crawford, R. Diagnosis and treatment of plantar fasciitis. Am Fam Physician. 2011;84(6):676682.Google ScholarPubMed
Donley, BG, Moore, T, Sferra, J, Gozdanovic, J, Smith, R. The efficacy of oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication (NSAID) in the treatment of plantar fasciitis: A randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled study. Foot Ankle Int. 2007;28(1):2023.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
David, JA, Sankarapandian, V, Christopher, PR, Chatterjee, A, Macaden, AS. Injected corticosteroids for treating plantar heel pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;6(6):CD009348.Google ScholarPubMed
Tsai, WC, Hsu, CC, Chen, CP et al. Plantar fasciitis treated with local steroid injection: Comparison between sonographic and palpation guidance. J Clin Ultrasound. 2006;34(1):1216.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sellman, JR. Plantar fascia rupture associated with corticosteroid injection. Foot Ankle Int. 1994;15(7):376381.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mahindra, P, Yamin, M, Selhi, HS, Singla, S, Soni, A. Chronic plantar fasciitis: Effect of platelet-rich plasma, corticosteroid, and placebo. Orthopedics. 2016;39(2):285289.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Singh, P, Madanipour, S, Bhamra, JS, Gill, I. A systematic review and meta-analysis of platelet-rich plasma versus corticosteroid injections for plantar fasciopathy. Int Orthop. 2017;41(6):11691181.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kamel, M, Kotob, H. High frequency ultrasonographic findings in plantar fasciitis and assessment of local steroid injection. J Rheumatol. 2000;27(9):21392141.Google ScholarPubMed
Monto, RR. Platelet-rich plasma efficacy versus corticosteroid injection treatment for chronic severe plantar fasciitis. Foot Ankle Int. 2014;35(4):313318.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shetty, SH, Dhond, A, Arora, M, Deore, S. Platelet-rich plasma has better long-term results than corticosteroids or placebo for chronic plantar fasciitis: Randomized control trial. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2019;58(1):4246.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jain, K, Murphy, PN, Clough, TM. Platelet rich plasma versus corticosteroid injection for plantar fasciitis: A comparative study. Foot (Edinb). 2015;25(4):235237.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Acosta-Olivo, C, Elizondo-Rodriguez, J, Lopez-Cavazos, R et al. Plantar fasciitis: A comparison of treatment with intralesional steroids versus platelet-rich plasma a randomized, blinded study. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2017;107(6):490496.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jain, SK, Suprashant, K, Kumar, S, Yadav, A, Kearns, SR. Comparison of plantar fasciitis injected with platelet-rich plasma vs corticosteroids. Foot Ankle Int. 2018;39(7):780786.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Acosta-Olivo, C, Simental-Mendía, LE, Vilchez-Cavazos, F, Peña-Martínez, VM et al. Clinical efficacy of botulinum toxin in the treatment of plantar fasciitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2022;103(2):364371.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ahadi, T, Nik, SS, Forogh, B, Madani, SP, Raissi, GR. Comparison of the effect of ultrasound-guided injection of botulinum toxin type A and corticosteroid in the treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis: A randomized controlled trial. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2022;101(8):733737.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Díaz-Llopis, IV, Rodríguez-Ruíz, CM, Mulet-Perry, S et al. Randomized controlled study of the efficacy of the injection of botulinum toxin type A versus corticosteroids in chronic plantar fasciitis: Results at one and six months. Clin Rehabil. 2012;26(7):594606.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Abbasian, M, Baghbani, S, Barangi, S et al. Outcomes of ultrasound-guided gastrocnemius injection with botulinum toxin for chronic plantar fasciitis. Foot Ankle Int. 2020;41(1):6368.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huang, YC, Wei, SH, Wang, HK, Lieu, FK. Ultrasonographic guided botulinum toxin type A treatment for plantar fasciitis: An outcome-based investigation for treating pain and gait changes. J Rehabil Med. 2010;42(2):136140.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lou, J, Wang, S, Liu, S, Xing, G. Effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy without local anesthesia in patients with recalcitrant plantar fasciitis: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2017;96(8):529534.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roerdink, RL, Dietvorst, M, van der Zwaard, B, van der Worp, H, Zwerver, J. Complications of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in plantar fasciitis: Systematic review. Int J Surg. 2017;46:133145.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roca, B, Mendoza, MA, Roca, M. Comparison of extracorporeal shock wave therapy with botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of plantar fasciitis. Disabil Rehabil. 2016;38(21):21142121.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hocaoglu, S, Vurdem, UE, Cebicci, MA et al. Comparative effectiveness of radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy and ultrasound-guided local corticosteroid injection treatment for plantar fasciitis. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2017;107(3):192199.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sun, K, Zhou, H, Jiang, W. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy versus other therapeutic methods for chronic plantar fasciitis. Foot Ankle Surg. 2020;26(1):3338.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arslan, A, Koca, TT, Utkan, A, Sevimli, R, Akel, İ. Treatment of chronic plantar heel pain with radiofrequency neural ablation of the first branch of the lateral plantar nerve and medial calcaneal nerve branches. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2016;55(4):767771.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Erken, HY, Ayanoglu, S, Akmaz, I, Erler, K, Kiral, A. Prospective study of percutaneous radiofrequency nerve ablation for chronic plantar fasciitis. Foot Ankle Int. 2014;35(2):95103.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wu, YT, Chang, CY, Chou, YC et al. Ultrasound-guided pulsed radiofrequency stimulation of posterior tibial nerve: A potential novel intervention for recalcitrant plantar fasciitis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2017;98(5):964970.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×