Blood-sucking insects are the vectors of many of the most debilitating parasites of humans and their domesticated animals. In addition they are of considerable direct cost to the agricultural industry through losses in milk and meat yields, and through damage to hides, wool and other products. So, not surprisingly, many books of medical and veterinary entomology have been written. Most of these texts are organized taxonomically, giving details of the life cycles, bionomics, relationships to disease and economic importance of each of the insect groups in turn. I have taken a different approach. This book is topic-led and aims to discuss the biological themes common to the lives of blood-sucking insects. To do this I have concentrated on those aspects of the biology of these fascinating insects that have been clearly modified in some way to suit the blood-sucking habit. For example, I have discussed feeding and digestion in some detail because feeding on blood presents insects with special problems, but I have not discussed respiration because it is not affected in any particular way by haematophagy. To reflect this better I have made a slight adjustment to the title of the book in this second edition. Naturally there is a subjective element in the choice of topics for discussion and the weight given to each. I hope that I have not let my enthusiasm for the particular subjects get the better of me on too many occasions and that the subject material achieves an overall balance.