Cognitive-behavioral treatments (CBT) for the anxiety disorders are steeped in a tradition of learning theory and empiricism, stemming back to the beginning of the twentieth century and standing the test of time in rigorous clinical trials and experimental research. This chapter reviews the overarching model and standard components of cognitive and behavioral practice, and highlights a number of critical issues and academic debates that now face the discipline. Recent cognitive-behavioral conceptualizations build upon anxious apprehension and focus on the experience of emotion dysregulation. Treatment from the CBT perspective is multifaceted and geared towards addressing each of the three components of anxiety (cognitive, affective/somatic, and behavioral) through specific, empirically derived techniques. These techniques include psychoeducation, self-monitoring, relaxation, cognitive restructuring, and exposures. Providing CBT to individuals suffering from anxiety is a complex and continually evolving process.