This book deals with the philosophical thought of the region of Mesoamerica (southern Mexico and northern Central America), specifically during its long history prior to the arrival of the Spanish in the sixteenth century CE. Chapters on central concepts and views in Mesoamerican philosophical traditions highlight issues such as language, truth, time, personal identity, creation, being, knowledge, and ethics. While the Maya and Aztec traditions receive most focus here, other Mesoamerican traditions are discussed, including those of the Mixtec, Zapotec, and of the long distant Olmec.