This chapter outlines the recent advances in the molecular classification of ovarian cancer and the efforts for rationalised targeted therapies of molecular drivers of individual cancers with a particular emphasis on kinases and their inhibitors. It highlights the challenges that face targeting strategies, particularly at the interface between target discovery and validation that leads to the development of targeting agents. Development of small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology could provide a tool to overcome the shortcomings of some current therapeutic approaches. One of the challenges surrounding the use of siRNA for systemic therapy relates to the need for efficient and biocompatible delivery vehicles. Liposomes, in general, have been shown to be safe in a number of clinical trials using a wide variety of anti-cancer and antimicrobial drugs. Chitosan nanoparticles are highly effective for delivery of siRNA into both tumour and tumour-associated endothelial cells.