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2 results

  • 7 - The Praetorians

  • Mehran Kamrava, Georgetown University, Qatar
  • Book:
    Righteous Politics
    Published online:
    10 August 2023
    Print publication:
    17 August 2023, pp 161-192

  • Summary

    The Islamic Republic features a number of institutions of repression, including especially the IRGC and one of its units with a specific mandate to ensure domestic security, the Basij. All states are concerned about their security, both internationally and domestically. Authoritarian states pay special attention to the domestic dimensions of their security, at times so much so that their security concerns can verge on paranoia. To address these security concerns, states devise a variety of mechanisms and institutions that specialize in surveillance, intelligence gathering, identifying opponents, and, when needed, the threat or actual use of repression against adversaries. In addition to the Revolutionary Guards and the Basij, for domestic security the state also relies on the Security Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, or Nirouha-ye Amniyati-e Jomhuri-e Eslami-e Iran, NAJA.

  • A new species of spitting cobra (Naja) from north-eastern Africa (Serpentes: Elapidae)

  • Wolfgang Wüster, Donald G. Broadley
  • Journal:
    Journal of Zoology / Volume 259 / Issue 4 / April 2003
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    17 March 2003, pp. 345-359
    Print publication:
    April 2003

  • A new species of spitting cobra Naja nubiae sp. nov. is described from north-eastern Africa. The distinctiveness of the new species is confirmed by multivariate analysis of pattern and scalation data. Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences reveals the new species to be the sister taxon of N. pallida, but with considerable levels of sequence divergence relative to that species. The populations concerned had previously been assigned to N. pallida. The new species differs from N. pallida principally in having more than one dark band across the neck and under the throat, as well as a pair of spots under the throat. It occupies a disjunct range across Egypt, the Sudan, Chad, Niger and Eritrea, where it seems to occupy primarily relatively mesic habitats. Naja mossambica is more closely related to N. nigricollis than to N. pallida and the new species. A key to the African species of Naja is presented.