The effect of resettlement programmes and agricultural development projects on the tsetse population in Gambella were investigated. Adult tsetse were collected using biconical traps and moving vehicle catches. The species collected were Glossina pallidipes, G. fuscipes and G. tachinoides. G. pallidipes was the most frequently encountered species. G. morsitans which were reported to be abundant in the area (Balis and Bergeon, 1968; Hutchinson, 1971; Langridge, 1976) were not collected during the present survey.
About 155,000 ha. of land, formerly reported as tsetse infested, is found to be tsetse free. The natural vegetation is being transformed into farmlands and villages, and the wildlife is being hunted out, remaining only in such areas as Demesaye and Gog forest.
Under such circumstances tsetse hosts may change from wild mammals to man and his domestic animals and outbreaks of nagana and sleeping sickness are likely to occur throughout the region.
