Several authors have studied the biogeography of the Jurassic Belemnitida (e.g., Stevens 1967, 1973; Saks and Nal'nyaeva 1970, 1972, 1975; Mutterlose 1986; Doyle 1987), but none has discussed circum-Pacific reconstructions. Boreal and Tethyan marine realms are well established by the Belemnitina and Belemnopseina, respectively. No austral belemnite realm is recognized for the Jurassic, but endemicity at the provincial level exists in the Indo–Pacific. The Boreal fauna is less sharply delineated than in Central Europe, no doubt a function of the Pacific Ocean.
In the following pages, belemnite distributions are dealt with in four major regions. No discussion of the causes of provinciality is given here, but that may be found elsewhere: Stevens (1967, 1973), Mutterlose (1986), Doyle (1987) and Doyle and Howlett (1989).
Representative specimens are illustrated in Plates 128–132.
SOUTHWEST PACIFIC
Indonesia
Jurassic belemnites are known from the eastern Indonesian regions of Misool, Sula Islands, Roti, Timor, Jamdena, and Irianjaya (Skwarko and Yusef 1982). Early works of importance include those of Boehm (1907, 1912), Kruizinga (1920), Stolley (1929, 1935) and Stevens (1963a,b; 1964a,b). Stevens (1965) reviewed what remained of the early collections. Sula Islands belemnites were revised and described by Challinor and Skwarko (1982), and Misool belemnites by Challinor (1989b).
Dicoelites appears in the late Bajocian of Sula and is present at about middle Callovian and middle Oxfordian. Conodicoelites occurs in the middle Bathonian. Belemnopsis first appears in the late Bathonian, but is then unrecorded until latest Oxfordian, when it becomes abundant through to the late Tithonian.