The high inflation rate and the increase in the unemployment rate coupled with very low growth rates, occured as a result of the second oil crisis, was confronted the policy makers of the new administration with a dilemma. They responded with a compromise of different sorts of policies aiming at achieving a gradual reduction of the inflation and unemployment rates so that they are reduced down to equilibrium over a long enough period of time.
However, the monetary and fiscal policies adopted are not considered as a single macroeconomic instrument. The growth of real output is pursued with an expansionary public and fiscal policy, while inflation is confronted with restrained monetary policy against the private sector of the economy. Moreover, the way prices and incomes policy is adopted postpones recovering of output and profits, thus creating serious fears for a further increase of unemployment and a resurgence of inflation.