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Analysis of Heterogeneous Mitochondria Distribution in Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Porcine Embryos

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 September 2008

Zhisheng Zhong ,
Yanhong Hao ,
Rongfeng Li ,
Lee Spate ,
David Wax ,
Qing-Yuan Sun ,
Randall S. Prather  and
Heide Schatten
Zhisheng Zhong
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Yanhong Hao
Affiliation:
Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Rongfeng Li
Affiliation:
Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Lee Spate
Affiliation:
Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
David Wax
Affiliation:
Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Qing-Yuan Sun
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, P.R. China
Randall S. Prather
Affiliation:
Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Heide Schatten*
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
*
Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

We previously reported that translocation of mitochondria from the oocyte cortex to the perinuclear area indicates positive developmental potential that was reduced in porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos compared to in vitro–fertilized (IVF) embryos (Katayama, M., Zhong, Z.-S., Lai, L., Sutovsky, P., Prather, R.S. & Schatten, H. (2006). Dev Biol299, 206–220.). The present study is focused on distribution of donor cell mitochondria in intraspecies (pig oocytes; pig fetal fibroblast cells) and interspecies (pig oocytes; mouse fibroblast cells) reconstructed embryos by using either pig fibroblasts with mitochondria-stained MitoTracker CMXRos or YFP-mitochondria 3T3 cells (pPhi-Yellow-mito) as donor cells. Transmission electron microscopy was employed for ultrastructural analysis of pig oocyte and donor cell mitochondria. Our results revealed donor cell mitochondrial clusters around the donor nucleus that gradually dispersed into the ooplasm at 3 h after SCNT. Donor-derived mitochondria distributed into daughter blastomeres equally (82.8%) or unequally (17.2%) at first cleavage. Mitochondrial morphology was clearly different between donor cells and oocytes in which various complex shapes and configurations were seen. These data indicate that (1) unequal donor cell mitochondria distribution is observed in 17.2% of embryos, which may negatively influence development; and (2) complex mitochondrial morphologies are observed in IVF and SCNT embryos, which may influence mitochondrial translocation and affect development.

Keywords

somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)mitochondrial heterogeneitypleomorphic mitochondriaoocytespig cloningdevelopmentmitochondrial ultrastructure
Type
Biological Applications
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 14 , Issue 5 , October 2008 , pp. 418 - 432
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2008

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