¹ Letters and Diaries of J. H. Newman, ed. C. S. Dessain, 1970, xx. 3–13. Newman began his discussion of Simpson's Campion by arguing that historians should handle canonised saints as they would consecrated altars. But when pressed by Acton he retreated into saying that Simpson did what was not ‘expedient’ by voicing true criticisms of the actions of St Pius v with a positive ‘glee’ and when he was not forced to the point by a Protestant opponent.