Individuals with mental health problems, especially those hospitalized in mental health institutions, are particularly vulnerable to violations of their Human Rights. There are a number of special laws and regulations in different European countries and on the international level regarding the rights of people with mental health problems, however there are many instances in which their rights continue to be violated. In order to respect their Human Rights, it is necessary to study and to address the negative attitudes that the general (or even professional) public may hold toward the people with such problems.

This research aims to reveal and compare the attitudes toward mentally ill people in different countries (Romania, Czech Republic, Nigeria and Serbia). Also, within the project we will develop a workshop to address these attitudes.

The Opinion about Mental Illness Scale (OMI) for measuring attitudes was used. We used the pre-post study design to evaluate changes of attitudes because of the involvement in the intervention workshop. Students in the area of psychology, medicine or similar or general public took place in 90-minutes workshop, which was developed from the stories of people suffering from mental illnesses (e.g. schizophrenia), and their family perceptions and attitudes.

The pilot study showed a great acceptance of this kind of interventions among students. Besides, the structure of the workshop, the response of the audience, participation rate and first results of the evaluation will be presented.

Obsessive symptoms among children and adolescent age groups are increasing, an observation made by mental health professions working with this age group. Our epidemiological study is targeting secondary school students to estimate the prevalence of obsessive symptoms, obsessive compulsive disorder and to evaluate psychiatric comorbidities among students with obsessive compulsive symptoms.

The study is a cross sectional carried on 1299 secondary school students, the sample size was chosen based on an estimated OCD prevalence of 2% in literature. Equal samples were recruited from the 3 educative zones in Alexandria Governorate. Obsessive compulsive symptoms were assessed by the Arabic version of Lyeton obsessive inventory child version LOI-CV. Students scoring above 35 were subjected to the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for children MINI-KID Arabic version to assess psychiatric comorbidities. OCD patient students detected by MINI-KID were assessed by psychiatric interview to confirm fulfilling criteria of OCD according to DSM IV - TR criteria.

The sample was equally distributed according to gender with 51.7% and 48.3% of males and females respectively. The prevalence of obsessive compulsive symptoms was 15.5%, while that of obsessive compulsive disorder was 2.2%. Comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders was high for substance abuse 18.9%, Dysthymia 16.4%, social phobia 15.9%, Major depression 13.9%, Generalized anxiety disorder 12.9%.

The prevalence of obsessive compulsive symptoms is high among adolescent age group, there is high Comorbidity between obsessive symptoms and psychiatric disorders particularly substance abuse, mood disorders and non OCD Anxiety spectrum disorders.

Accelerate aging is a worldwide problem. In underdeveloped countries, it is occurring without adequate planning and is attributed due to falling mortality and fertility, which contributed to increase life expectancy. However, aging was not accompanied by improvement in living conditions and health assistance. Poor sanitation and diet, low incomes and education levels contributed to increasing the prevalence of chronic diseases in elderly.

Data obtained in other countries could not represent the national population; objective was to describe a Brazilian frailty elderly sample.

Determine cognitive impairment prevalence in Brazilian frailty elderly.

1952 frailty elderly were analyzed. Social data, tobacco and alcohol consumption were verified and mini-mental state examination was applied from February to August in 2010.

Female elderly was predominant (68.8%). They were almost married (47.5%), followed by widow (37%), single (8.1%), divorced (7.4%). White people were predominant (69.2%); black (14.6%) and brown (16.2%) were presented at the same proportion. 823 frailty elderly (64.9%) studied until 4 years; 7.7% studied between 4–8 years; 1.9% went to college and 25.6% were illiterate. Only 10.6% were smokers and 2.8% drank alcohol. The majority (79.4%) were younger than 80 years-old. Cognitive impairment prevalence were 17.2% in illiterate; 15.2% in elderly who studied until 4 years and lower, 5.3%, in the group who studied between 4–8 years.

The prevalence of cognitive impairment was dependent on years of study and we presented data obtained in a Brazilian sample. These data can be used to compare cognitive impairment in different countries.

Frailty elderly is defined as the person older than 80 years old or between 60–80 years old and who has polipathologies; polipharmacy; total or partial immobilizations; fecal or urinary incontinence; postural instability; cognitive or functional impairment; frequently hospitalizations. Since they are complex patients, the knowledge about their social-economic profile contributes to the success of health professionals’ assistance, because it directly influences on each person health.

Determine the social-economic profile of a Brazilian frailty elderly sample assisted in a public service.

The knowledge about social-economic profile can guide the assistance and health promotion campaigns.

126 frailty elderly were interviewed. A validated Brazilian questionnaire (ABIPEME) of social-economic profile was answered. Sex, civil status, age and who answered the questionnaire were also obtained.

Female elderly were predominant (67.7%). They were almost married (56.3%), followed by widow (35.7%), single (4%), divorced (4%). 46 frailty elderly (36.6%) were younger than 69 years old; 37.8% were between 70–79 years old; 22.6% were between 80–89 years old and 3.0% were older than 90 years old. 95 frailty elderly (75%) were able to answer all the questions. The majority belonged to poor class (42.2% to poor and 18.3% to very poor); 36.6% belonged to low medium class; only 3.0% belonged to medium class; nobody belonged to rich class.

The low social-economic condition of frailty elderly can contribute to chronic diseases in these population, due mainly to a poor diet, inadequate access of medicines and a low quality of life.

Health life expectation could be defined in many ways. The notion of health life can considered, for example, physical, mental or social well-being; disease consequences; functional impairment; successful aging. Functional independence in daily activities is a key aspect on frailty elderly quality of life. This independence is related with elderly social and leisure activities, which improves their physical and mental health and brings sense to their life.

Data obtained in other countries could not represent the national population; the objective was to describe a Brazilian frailty elderly sample.

Determine functional impairment prevalence in Brazilian frailty elderly.

8769 frailty elderly were examined. Social data, tobacco and alcohol consumption were verified and the functional activities questionnaire was applied from May, 2009 to August, 2010.

Female elderly was predominant (68.1%). They were almost married (47.3%), followed by widow (37.9%), single (9%), divorced (5.9%). White people were predominant (69.9%); black (14.9%) and brown (15.2%) were presented at the same proportion. Only 13.1% were smokers and 4.3% drank alcohol. The majority (78.7%) were younger than 80 years-old. Functional impairment prevalence was 9.5% in the 60–69 years old group; 18.9% in 70–79 years old group; 36.8% in 80–89 years old group and 61.3% in 90–99 years old group.

The prevalence of functional impairment increased with aging and we presented data obtained in a Brazilian sample. These data can be used to compare functional impairment in different countries and to stimulate elderly independence during their aging.

The CES-D scale is commonly used to assess depressive symptoms (DS) in large population-based studies. Missing values in items of the scale may create biases.

To explore reasons for not completing items of the CES-D scale and to perform sensitivity analysis of the prevalence of DS to assess the impact of different missing data hypotheses.

71412 women included in the French E3N cohort returned in 2005 a questionnaire containing the CES-D scale. 45% presented at least one missing value in the scale. An interview study was carried out on a random sample of 204 participants to examine the different hypotheses for the missing value mechanism. The prevalence of DS was estimated according to different methods for handling missing values: complete cases analysis, single imputation, multiple imputation under MAR (missing at random) and MNAR (missing not at random) assumptions.

The interviews showed that participants were not embarrassed to fill in questions about DS. Potential reasons of nonresponse were identified. MAR and MNAR hypotheses remained plausible and were explored.

Among complete responders, the prevalence of DS was 26.1%. After multiple imputation under MAR assumption, it was 28.6%, 29.8% and 31.7% among women presenting up to 4, to 10 and to 20 missing values, respectively. The estimates were robust after applying various scenarios of MNAR data for the sensitivity analysis.

The CES-D scale can easily be used to assess DS in large cohorts. Multiple imputation under MAR assumption allows to reliably handle missing values.

WHO has defined the social determinants of mental health (2008) as “social justice is a matter of life or death. Affects how people live, their propensity for disease and risk of premature death”. Underlies that health is not only determined by biological, but by social factors that can be divided into: Economic, Gender and Cultural.

The author proposes to do a literature review focusing on a consensus on the social determinants of mental health, and the implications on the policies of various countries.

We performed a literature review using textbooks and research papers (Medline, Pubmed, 1997–2010).

Topics about Social Determinants of Mental Health often establish, the social gradient, situations of stress, childhood development, poverty, drug dependence, conditions at work, unemployment, social support, food, transportation policies, gender and cultural determinants.

The Global Movement for Mental Health should play an important role in public health activities, focusing on global mental illness. To do this effectively, the mental health professionals need to confront global poverty, its relationship with the political and economic developments as well as the consequences for common mental illnesses.

In a public health perspective, evidence of the mechanisms of this relationship can be used to consider a variety of primary and secondary preventive strategies with regard to mental health.

Burnout syndrome is a psychological state resulting from prolonged exposure to job stressors. High rates of professional burnout syndrome have been found among health service professionals.

To assess and compare the burnout syndrome level between Intensive Care Unit and general unit nurses, and study its association with the sociodemographic.

The aim of this study was to determine that working in different units can affect on burnout syndrome.

The study was carried out using a descriptive-analytic method. 110 nurses were participated in the study from Mahabad Imam hospital in Iran. 55 nurses belong to the intensive care units, and 55 nurses belong to the general units. Two evaluation tools were used: a sociodemographic and the Maslach Burnout Inventory: includes three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. Data was analyzed using SPSS package.

The comparative analysis of the burnout dimensions shows that emotional exhaustion level and depersonalization level do not have significant differences between both groups. Reduced personal accomplishment dimension have a significantly differences between both groups. (29.64 +/- 8.53 vs 34.31 +/- 14.16) p < 0.05. The intensive care unit nurses reported their high emotional exhaustion (21.8%), high depersonalization (14.5%) and reduced personal accomplishment (41.5%). And the general unit nurses reported their high emotional exhaustion (9.1%), high depersonalization (18.2%) and reduced personal accomplishment (51.1%).

The burnout levels are moderate to high among the nursing professionals studied. The general care unit nurses are the most vulnerable to suffering high levels of reduced personal accomplishment.

As awareness of ADHD has increased throughout the world, interest has grown beyond the constellation of ADHD symptoms, including long-term effects and impact on people's lives.

To examine the consequences of childhood ADHD and the relevance of these outcomes in different world regions.

This analysis examined the publication trends of studies of long-term outcomes of ADHD over time and among world regions.

Study identification followed Cochrane guidelines. Twelve databases were searched for reports published in English 1980–2010. Limiting criteria were designed to maximize study inclusion while maintaining a high level of study rigor: the studies were to

1. (1) be peer-reviewed,

2. (2) be primary study reports,

3. (3) include a comparator group or baseline, and

4. (4) report outcome results measured for a mean of 8 years (prospective studies, range of all studies was 6 months-40 years) after the start of the study, in late adolescence, or adulthood.

The fully-defined electronic search yielded 4615 citations, which were then reviewed manually based on the titles and abstracts, yielding a final of 371 studies.

Study publication trends analysed included: publication year, country and world region of origin, outcome types, and study types. In general, the numbers of studies published per year globally has increased substantially (from 2 in 1980 to more than 40/year in 2007 and 2008) with differences observed between Europe and North America.

Analysis of publication trends can provide insight into outcomes of ADHD and the focus of specific world regions.

Supported by Shire Development Inc.

As awareness of ADHD has increased worldwide, interest has grown beyond the constellation of ADHD symptoms, to include long-term impact on people's lives and society in general.

Examine the results of studies of long-term life consequences of ADHD.

To identify areas of life affected long-term by ADHD and differences in outcomes with and without ADHD treatment.

Following Cochrane guidelines, 12 databases were searched for studies published in English (1980–2010). Limiting criteria maximized study inclusion while maintaining high study rigor: (1) peer-reviewed, (2) primary study reports, (3) including a comparator condition, and (4) reporting long-term outcomes (mean 8 years, range 6 months-40 years from study start for prospective studies; subjects in adolescence or adulthood for retrospective or cross-sectional studies). The fully-defined electronic search yielded 4615 citations. Manual review based on titles and abstracts yielded 340 studies included in this analysis of outcomes.

The majority of studies (86%, 243 of 281; studies of untreated ADHD only) showed that untreated ADHD has substantial negative long-term outcomes, encompassing nine broad-ranging areas of life: non-medicinal drug use/addictive behaviour, antisocial behaviour, academic achievement, occupational achievement, public services use, self-esteem, social function, obesity, and driving outcomes. In contrast, most studies including ADHD pharmacotherapy and/or non-pharmacotherapy (94%, 46 of 49) showed that compared with baseline or untreated ADHD, long-term outcomes improved or stabilized with treatment of ADHD.

ADHD has notable negative long-term consequences, and this negative impact may be reduced with treatment of ADHD. Supported by Shire Development Inc.

The aim of the study was to assess the experiences of discrimination as reported by people with mental health problems and to explore the impact of hospitalisation.

306 people with mental health problems provided sociodemographic data and data on discrimination using the discrimination and stigma scale version 12 (DISC-12) with the domains negative experienced discrimination, anticipated discrimination, overcoming stigma and discrimination, and positive experienced discrimination. Logistic regression analysis was used to test the impact of hospitalisation on discrimination, controlled for age, gender, education, employment, diagnosis and having been prescribed medication.

Hospitalisation had a major impact on negative discrimination: People were more likely to be treated unfairly in making or keeping friends, in marriage or divorce, by people in their neighbourhood, in social life, by mental health staff and in terms of privacy, if they had been hospitalised. They were also more likely to be avoided or shunned by people who knew about the mental health problem. People with a history of hospitalisation also reported more anticipated discrimination: They had stopped themselves more often from having a close personal relationship and concealed their mental health problem from others more often than those without a history of hospitalisation. However, people who had been hospitalised also experienced more positive discrimination in terms of being treated more positively in getting welfare benefits or disability pensions and in housing.

Findings suggest that treatment in hospital contributed to a higher extent to experienced discrimination than treatment in the community.

Assessment of the effectiveness of the project SP: production of a change in quality of life; development of purposeful relationships out of families and health services; development of Mental Health Service recipients’ awareness of being not only a user of the health service but also a resourceful person; change of method and approach within relationship between Mental Health and community and public services.

At the beginning and at the end of the integration courses (autumn/winter 2010 and after 6–8 months), both individuals and collectives, every Mental Health Service recipient was asked to fill in a form with socio-demographic characteristics and the WHOQOL-bref. A social network diagram was subsequently drawn.

At the end of the research (September 2010) joining courses directed to the development of social relationship is forecast to improve the quality of life of the recipients, to increment purposeful relationships and to strengthen empowerment of persons with mental disease by promoting a different project of life no more illness-based but resource-based.

The study will provide evidences about the performance of the project with regard to the promotion of the social integration of citizens with mental disease in contexts, to the empowerment and to the promotion of processes of social.

The education and training of doctors specialising in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (CAP) varies substantially across Europe. There is a paucity of information available about training quality. This prompted an initial training survey led by Dr E Barrett (2010) which was expanded upon by the CAP working group in the 2010 EFPT international forum in Dubrovnik to create ‘country reports’ for 2010–2011.

The objectives of this study were to collect information relating to key aspects of CAP training programmes in Europe in a systematic way in order to start a ‘Training Database’ that can be held centrally by the EFPT. Information will be added to the database every year following EFPT annual international meetings.

We aim to better understand the training structures in CAP across europe to help inform best practice standards for training.

A pro-forma word document was emailed to all EFPT CAP contacts: there were 20 contacts emailed.

So far we have a response rate of over 60% and we are continuing to collect and collate relevant data. This survey highlighted a large variation in CAP training across Europe. It represents the basis for systematic data collection on an international level, and will help focus on areas where CAP training could be improved.

This survey highlights a large variation in CAP training across Europe. It represents the basis for systematic data collection on an international level, and will help focus on areas where CAP training could be improved.

Unemployment is associated with various psychosocial strain factors. Previous studies show correlations between unemployment and impaired mental health. Present examinations on this set of problems mainly focused on younger unemployed, while specific psychosocial strains of senior unemployed persons were scarcely presented.

Investigation on psychiatric services for senior long term unemployed persons

To examine the exigency and feasibility of specific mental health interventions for senior long term unemployed persons

Senior long term unemployed participants in a vocational reintegration program underwent psychiatric examination and counseling. Placement officers recommended participation by choice to their clients and diagnostic examinations including clinical interviews and questionnaires were performed. Clients then received either direct treatment by the project staff, e.g. focal short-term therapy, or were placed in appropriate treatments. Numbers of clients who consented and who refused participation, dropout rates, psychiatric diagnoses and treatment placements were recorded.

Attendance in the program was recommended to 161 clients to the date of this report. 136 clients consented with participation and 90 were included into examination. 21% discontinued participation in the course of examination. Of the unemployed persons surveyed, 96% received a psychiatric diagnosis and 80% multiple psychiatric diagnoses. 7% were placed to inpatient-treatment and 31% to ambulatory treatment.

Psychiatric services were highly requested and senior unemployed persons are specifically affected by mental disorders that presumably interfere with vocational reintegration. According to this, vocational reintegration programs should be flanked by psychiatric services to give consideration to the specific psychosocial strains of unemployed persons.

In the context of psychiatric reformation, the long-term mentally ill have moved from institutionalized care to outpatient-based mental health services and community-based rehabilitation settings.

Quality of Life (QoL) constitutes a critical outcome of mental health programs and services and is a multidimensional subjective construct.

Exploring the perceived QoL of long-term psychiatric residents and, identifying possible associations between sociodemographic variables, psychiatric history, cognitive function (MMSE), physical comorbidity and type of residential care.

104 patients residing for over six months, to community based rehabilitation settings subjected to the PHPO (5 sheltered apartments, 7 hostels, 2 boarding houses) were encountered. QoL of participants was assessed using the self-fulfilling, 36 item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) at a given point of time.

The majority of the residents expressed good levels of satisfaction in all subscales of the SF-36, with mean values of Physical Component Summary (PCS): 34.90 ± 13.92 (range: 0–50) and Mental Component Summary (MCS): 67.89 ± 20.09 (range: 25-100). Statistical significant differences were recorded concerning the PCS and age (p = 0.000), MMSE scores (p = 0.000), educational level (p = 0.017), marital status (p = 0.049) and type of residential home (p = 0.012). MCS was statistically significant associated with age (p = 0.032), MMSE scores (p = 0.007), socioeconomic status (p = 0.008) and type of residential home, too (p = 0.040). No differences were found concerning psychiatric diagnosis or physical comorbidity.

Community care models provide subjective positive life satisfactions to the majority of the chronically mentally ill. Thus, besides the care giver's management, independent variables play an important role to perceived QoL.