The problem of establishing oscillation and non-oscillation criteria for elliptic equations has recently been considered by several authors. Extensive bibliographies may be found in the books by C. A. Swanson, [7], and by K. Kreith, [3].

Most of the interest has so far centered on equations of second order with some results also established for fourth order equations. Non-oscillation theorems for higher order equations have recently been established by the author, [1], and by Noussair and Yoshida, [5]. In particular, both in [1] and [5], Kneser-type theorems were established for classes of higher order elliptic equations.

It is shown that there exists an inner function $I$ defined on the unit ball ${{\text{B}}^{n}}$ of ${{\mathbb{C}}^{n}}$ such that each function holomorphic on ${{\text{B}}^{n}}$ and bounded by 1 can be approximated by “non-Euclidean translates” of $I$.

In this paper, under certain conditions on the orthogonal distribution T0, we give a characterization of real hypersurfaces of type A in a complex space form Mn(c), c ≠ 0.

We examine the ranks of operators in semi-finite ${{C}^{*}}$-algebras as measured by their densely defined lower semicontinuous traces. We first prove that a unital simple ${{C}^{*}}$-algebra whose extreme tracial boundary is nonempty and finite contains positive operators of every possible rank, independent of the property of strict comparison. We then turn to nonunital simple algebras and establish criteria that imply that the Cuntz semigroup is recovered functorially from the Murray–von Neumann semigroup and the space of densely defined lower semicontinuous traces. Finally, we prove that these criteria are satisfied by not-necessarily-unital approximately subhomogeneous algebras of slow dimension growth. Combined with results of the first author, this shows that slow dimension growth coincides with $Z$-stability for approximately subhomogeneous algebras.

The paper is dealing with determination of the integral ${{\int }_{\gamma }}\,f$ along the fractal arc $\gamma $ on the complex plane by terms of polynomial approximations of the function $f$. We obtain inequalities for polynomials and conditions of integrability for functions from the Hölder, Besov and Slobodetskii spaces.

We give an infinite family of congruent number elliptic curves each with rank at least three.

Let $b$ be an integer with $b\,>\,1$. In this note, we prove that the number of non-zero digits in the base $b$ representation of $n!$ grows at least as fast as a constant, depending on $b$, times $\log \,n$.

The topological classification of smooth real cubic surfaces is recalled and compared to the classification in terms of the number of real lines and of real tritangent planes, as obtained by $\text{L}$. Schläfli in 1858. Using this, explicit examples of surfaces of every possible type are given.

We determine the Lie superalgebras that are graded by the root systems of the basic classical simple Lie superalgebras of type $C\left( n \right),D\left( m,n \right),D\left( 2,1;\alpha \right)\left( \alpha \in \mathbb{F}\backslash \left\{ 0,-1 \right\} \right),F(4)$, and $G(3)$.

We extend the Picard's theorem to ordinary differential equation of generalized order α, 0 ≤ α ≤ l, and prove a global existence and uniqueness theorem by using the Banach contraction principle.

Recently H. Marubayashi [1,2] and S. Singh [10,11,12] generalized some results of torsion abelian groups for modules over some restricted rings, like bounded Dedekind prime rings, bounded hereditary Noetherian prime rings. Singh [12] introduced the concept of h-purity for a module MR satisfying the following conditions:

(I) Every finitely generated submodule of every homomorphic image of M is a direct sum of uniserial modules.

A seven-parameter extension of Askey and Wilson's four parameter q-beta integral is written in a symmetric form as the sum of multiples of two very-well-poised balanced basic hypergeometric 10Φ9 series. Two special cases are considered in which the evaluation of the integral gives single terms by the q-Dixon formula in one case and by a special case of the Verma-Jain formula in the other. An orthogonal polynomial system is obtained in the first case and a system of biorthogonal rational function is obtained in the second. It is also shown that the biorthogonal system represents a generalization of Rogers’ q-ultraspherical polynomials.

We continue to investigate branching systems of directed graphs and their connections with graph algebras. We give a sufficient condition under which the representation induced from a branching system of a directed graph is faithful and construct a large class of branching systems that satisfy this condition. We finish the paper by providing a proof of the converse of the Cuntz–Krieger uniqueness theorem for graph algebras by means of branching systems.

The local Hopf Bifurcation theorem is extended to implicit differential equations in Rn, of the form ẋ = f(x,ẋ, α), which are not solvable for the variable ẋ. The proof uses the S1 -degree of convex-valued mappings. An example of an implicit differential equation in R3 to which the presented theorem applies is provided.

Chern and Hamilton considered the integral of the Webster scalar curvature as a functional on the set of CR-structures on a compact 3-dimensional contact manifold. Critical points of this functional can be viewed as Riemannian metrics associated to the contact structure for which the characteristic vector field generates a 1-parameter group of isometries i.e. K-contact metrics. Tanno defined a higher dimensional generalization of the Webster scalar curvature, computed the critical point condition of the corresponding integral functional and found that it is not the K-contact condition. In this paper two other generalizations are given and the critical point conditions of the corresponding integral functionals are found. For the second of these, this is the K-contact condition, suggesting that it may be the proper generalization of the Webster scalar curvature.

We showed in [1] that the Eulerian family of cuboids with integral edges and face diagonals did not have integral inner diagonals. We now show that the derived family does not have integral inner diagonals except possibly when the generators are divisible by 705180. In this case there appears to be no inherent reason why the diagonals cannot be integral.

Does there exist a circulant conference matrix of order > 2? When is there a symmetric Hadamard matrix with constant diagonal? How many pairwise disjoint, amicable weighing matrices of order n can there be? These are questions concerning which the trace function gives a great deal of insight. We offer easy proofs of the known solutions to the first two, the first being new, and develop new results regarding the latter question. It is shown that there are 2t disjoint amicable weighing matrices of order 2tp, where p is odd, and that this is an upper bound for t ≤ 1. An even stronger bound is obtained for certain cases.

Let $c\,=\,\left( {{c}_{1}},\ldots ,{{c}_{n}} \right)$ be such that ${{c}_{1}}\,\ge \,\cdots \,\ge \,{{c}_{n}}$. The $c$-numerical range of an $n\,\times \,n$ matrix $A$ is defined by

$${{W}_{c}}\left( A \right)\,=\,\left\{ \sum\limits_{j=1}^{n}{{{c}_{j}}\left( A{{x}_{j}},\,{{x}_{j}} \right)\,:\,\left\{ {{x}_{1}},\ldots ,{{x}_{n}} \right\}\,\text{an}\,\text{orthonormal basis for }{{\mathbf{C}}^{n}}} \right\}\,,$$

and the $c$-numerical radius of $A$ is defined by ${{r}_{c}}\left( A \right)\,=\,\max \left\{ \left| z \right|\,:\,z\,\in \,{{W}_{c}}\left( A \right) \right\}$. We determine the structure of those linear operators $\phi$ on algebras of block triangular matrices, satisfying

$${{W}_{c}}\left( \phi \left( A \right) \right)={{W}_{c}}\left( A \right)\text{for}\,\,\text{all}\,\,A\,\text{or}\,\,{{r}_{c}}\left( \phi \left( A \right) \right)={{r}_{c}}\left( A \right)\text{for}\,\,\text{all}\,A.$$

We show that, for a finite group G and a prime p, the following facts are equivalent: (i) the p-localization homomorphism l: G —> Gp induces p-localization on integral homology; (ii) the higher homotopy groups of the Bousfield-Kan Zp-completion of a K(G, 1) vanish; (iii) the group G is p-nilpotent.

The Hurwitz zeta function ζ(s, a) is defined by the series

for 0 < a ≤ 1 and σ = Re(s) > 1, and can be continued analytically to the whole complex plane except for a simple pole at s = 1 with residue 1. The integral functions C(s, a) and S(s, a) are defined in terms of the Hurwitz zeta function as follows:

Using integral representations of C(s, a) and S(s, a), we evaluate explicitly a class of improper integrals. For example if 0 < a < 1 we show that