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FROM MAINE TO MAITLAND VIA AMERICA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

David M. Rabban
David M. Rabban
Affiliation:
Dahr Jamail, Randall Hage Jamail and Robert Lee Jamail Regents Chair in Law, University of Texas School of Law.
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The Cambridge Law Journal , Volume 68 , Issue 2 , July 2009 , pp. 410 - 435
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Copyright © Cambridge Law Journal and Contributors 2009

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References

1 F. Pollock and F.W. Maitland, The History of English Law Before the Time of Edward I, 2nd ed., (Cambridge 1899), p. vi (note by Pollock).

2 H. Adams, Book Review, “Maine's Early History of Institutions” (April 1875) North American Review 432.

3 Ibid., at p. 433.

4 H. Maine, Ancient Law (London 1861), p. 79.

5 Maine, Ancient Law, p. 99.

6 Maine, Ancient Law, p. 100 (emphasis in original).

7 S.F.C. Milsom, “F.W. Maitland” (1982) 66 Proceedings of the British Academy 265, 281.

8 J.H. Baker, “Why the History of English Law Has Not Been Finished” [2000] C.L.J. 62, 64.

9 Letter from Henry Adams to Henry Maine (10 February 1875), in H.D. Cater, Henry Adams and His Friends (Boston 1947), p. 63.

10 H. Adams, The Education of Henry Adams (Boston 1918), p. 303.

11 E. Samuels, The Young Henry Adams (Cambridge, Massachusetts 1948), p. 215.

12 H. Adams, Book Review, “Stubbs's Constitutional History of England” (July 1874) North American Review 233.

13 H. Adams, Book Review, “Maine's Village Communities” (January 1872) North American Review 196, 198.

14 H. Adams, Book Review, “Sohm's Procedure de la Lex Salica” (April 1874) North American Review 416, 417.

15 Ibid., at p. 425.

16 Adams, “Maine's Village Communities”, at pp. 198–99.

17 Adams, “Maine's Early History of Institutions”, at p. 438.

18 Ibid., at p. 433.

19 Ibid., at p. 437.

20 Ibid., at p. 433.

21 Ibid., at p. 438.

22 Adams, “Maine's Village Communities”, at p. 198.

23 Adams, Book Review, “Coulanges's Ancient City” (April 1874) North American Review 390 at p. 391.

24 Ibid., at p. 392.

25 Ibid., at pp. 395–96.

26 Ibid., at pp. 396–97.

27 Adams, “Maine's Early History of Institutions”, at p. 437.

28 Adams, “Coulanges's Ancient City”, at p. 397.

29 Adams, “Stubbs's Constitutional History of England”, at pp. 234–35.

30 Adams, “Maine's Early History of Institutions”, at p. 437.

31 Letter from Henry Adams to Lewis Henry Morgan (29 April 1876), in Cater, Henry Adams and His Friends, at p. 77; Letter from Henry Adams to Lewis Henry Morgan (4 May 1876), in Cater, at p. 78; Letter from Henry Adams to Lewis Henry Morgan (21 May 1876), in Cater, at p. 79; Letter from Henry Adams to Lewis Henry Morgan (16 October 1876), in Cater, at p. 80.

32 Adams, “Maine's Early History of Institutions”, at p. 434.

33 Samuels, The Young Henry Adams, at pp. 245, 341 n. 4.

34 Letter from Henry Adams to Charles Milnes Gaskell (14 June 1876), in W.C. Ford (ed.), Letters of Henry Adams (1858–1891) (Boston 1930), at p. 288.

35 Cater, Henry Adams and his Friends, at p. xxxix.

36 Essays in Anglo-Saxon Law (Boston 1876) (1905 ed.), frontispiece.

37 See Letter from Henry Adams to Henry Cabot Lodge (23 February 1876), in Letters of Henry Adams, at p. 281; letter from Henry Adams to Henry Cabot Lodge (25 June 1876), in Letters of Henry Adams, at pp. 290–91; letter from Henry Adams to Henry Cabot Lodge (30 June 1876), in Letters of Henry Adams, at p. 293.

38 Letter from Henry Adams to Charles Milnes Gaskell (8 September 1876), in Letters of Henry Adams, at p. 300.

39 Letter from Henry Adams to Charles Milnes Gaskell (14 June 1876), in Letters of Henry Adams, at p. 288.

40 Letter from Henry Adams to Charles Milnes Gaskell (8 September 1876), in Letters of Henry Adams, at p. 300.

41 P. Wormald, The Making of English Law: King Alfred to the Twelfth Century (Oxford 1999), p. 13.

42 Adams, “The Anglo Saxon Courts of Law”, in Essays in Anglo-Saxon Law, p. 1.

43 Ibid., at pp. 1–2.

44 Lodge, “The Anglo-Saxon Land Law”, in Essays in Anglo-Saxon Law, 55 at p. 56.

45 Ibid., at p. 74 n. 3.

46 Ibid., at p. 74; see also p. 69.

47 Young, “The Anglo-Saxon Family Law”, in Essays in Anglo-Saxon Law, 121 at p. 148.

48 Ibid., at p. 149.

49 Ibid., at p. 150.

50 Ibid., at p. 149.

51 Ibid., at p. 152.

52 Ibid., at pp. 151–52.

53 Ibid., at p. 152.

54 Ibid., at p. 152 n. 2.

55 Samuels, The Young Henry Adams, p. 255; H.B. Adams, Methods of Historical Study (Baltimore 1884), p. 88.

56 Letter from Henry Maine to Henry Adams (26 December 1876) (Henry Adams Papers, Lamont Library, Harvard University).

57 Letter from Henry Adams to Charles Milnes Gaskell (25 November 1877), in Letters of Henry Adams, p. 302.

58 E. Emerton, “History”, in S.E. Morison (ed.), The Development of Harvard University Since the Inauguration of President Eliot, 1869–1929 (Cambridge, Massachusetts 1930), pp. 156–57; J.A. Garraty, Henry Cabot Lodge, A Biography (New York 1953), pp. 51–53.

59 “Death of Professor Young”, Harvard Crimson, 5 March 1888.

60 Bournemann, Dictionary of American Biography, Vol. 21, Supplement One, pp. 487–88 (1944).

61 M.W. Bigelow, Placita Anglo-Normannica (Boston 1881), p. xi.

62 Ibid., at p. iii.

63 Ibid., at pp. xlix–l, and see generally at pp. xlvi–lviii (“sources of materials used; also authorities cited”).

64 M.W. Bigelow, History of Procedure in England (Boston 1880), pp. 103–31.

65 Ibid., at p. 131.

66 Ibid., at p. v.

67 See, e.g., Nation, 30 October 1879, at pp. 298–99; 13 American Law Review, at pp. 737–38 (1879); Athenaeum, 19 July 1879, at pp. 74–75; Academy, 26 March 1881, at pp. 219–20; Notes and Queries, 28 June 1879, at pp. 519–20.

68 Bigelow, History of Procedure in England, at p. 331.

69 Ibid., at p. 334.

70 Ibid., at pp. 172–73.

71 Ibid., at p. 335.

72 Ibid., at p. 334.

73 Ibid., at pp. 186–90.

74 Ibid., at p. 336–37.

75 E.A. Harriman, “Bigelow, Melville M.” (1921) 1 Boston University Law Review 157 at p. 159Google Scholar.

76 Ibid., at p. 158.

77 Letter from Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. to Arthur Sedgwick (12 July 1879), in Oliver Wendell Holmes Papers, Harvard Law School Library, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Frederick, Maryland: University Publications of America, Microfilm, Reel 37, 702.

78 M.D. Howe, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes: The Proving Years 1870–1882 (Cambridge, Massachusetts 1963) p. 147 n. 28 (Holmes, biographer identifies the unsigned review in 11 American Law Review 327Google Scholar, January 1877, as written by Holmes).

79 E.N. Little, “The Early Reading of Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes” (1954) 8 Harvard Library Bulletin 163 at p. 194; Holmes, The Black Book (privately printed ca. 1936) 23–29.

80 Letter from Henry Adams to Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. (5 December 1876), Holmes Papers, Reel 27, 672–75.

81 O.W. Holmes, Jr., The Common Law (Boston 1881), pp. 5–6.

82 Ibid., at pp. 138–39.

83 Ibid., at p. 198.

84 Ibid., at p. 208.

85 Ibid., at p. 72.

86 Ibid., at p. 232.

87 Ibid., at p. 201.

88 Ibid., at p. 205.

89 Ibid., at p. 274.

90 Ibid., at p. 270.

91 Ibid., at p. 33; see also pp. 107–108.

92 See M.D. Howe, Introduction to Holmes, The Common Law (Cambridge, Massachusetts 1963), at p. xi; G. Gilmore, The Ages of American Law (New Haven 1977) pp. 52, 128; R.W. Gordon, “Holmes', Common Law as Legal and Social Science” (1982) 10 Hofstra Law Review 719Google Scholar.

93 Hook, J., “A Brief Life of James Bradley Thayer” (1993) 88 Northwestern Law Review 1, 5Google Scholar.

94 J.B. Thayer, A Preliminary Treatise on Evidence at the Common Law (Boston 1898), 1.

95 Ibid., at p. 267.

96 Ibid., at pp. 3, 50

97 Ibid., at pp. 3, 50.

98 Ibid., at p. 50.

99 Ibid., at p. 55.

100 Letter from Melville Madison Bigelow to James Bradley Thayer (5 February 1892), Thayer Papers, Harvard Law School Library, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Box 18, Folder 1.

101 Thayer, Preliminary Treatise, at p. 24.

102 Ibid., at p. 266 n. 1.

103 Ibid., at p. 267 n. 1.

104 Ibid., at p. 268 n. 1.

105 J.B. Ames, Lectures in Legal History (Cambridge, Massachusetts 1913) pp. v–vi.

106 Letter from Henry Adams to Henry Cabot Lodge (2 January 1873), in Letters of Henry Adams, at p. 237.

107 Ames, Lectures on Legal History, at p. 34.

108 Athenaeum, 18 July 1879, at p. 74.

109 M.W. Bigelow, “A Scientific School of Legal Thought” (1905) 17 The Green Bag 1.

110 Thayer, Preliminary Treatise, at p. 47.

111 Ibid., at p. 508.

112 Ibid., at p. 49.

113 Little, “The Early Reading of Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes”, at pp. 169, 178.

114 Ibid., at pp. 184, 189.

115 Howe, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes: The Proving Years 1870–1882, at pp. 100–105.

116 S.N. Novick (ed.), The Collected Works of Justice Holmes (Chicago 1995), vol. 2, pp. 5, 88–90, 409–15.

117 Ibid., at pp. 88–89.

118 Letter from James Fitzjames Stephens to Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. (17 November 1872), Holmes Papers, Reel 37, 884 at 886.

119 Nation, 30 June 1881, Holmes Papers, Reel 55, 387.

120 M.W. Reimann, “Holmes's Common Law and German Legal Science,”, in R.W. Gordon (ed.), The Legacy of Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. (Stanford 1992) 72, 252, n. 65.

121 Mark DeWolfe Howe doubted that these similar chapters were simply coincidental. Howe, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes: The Proving Years 1870–1882, at p. 149 n. 31. He claimed that Holmes examined the English common law through the spectacles Maine had used for observing ancient Roman law. Howe, Introduction to Holmes, The Common Law, at p. xiv.

122 Letter from Harold Laski to Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. (15 May 1922), in Howe Holmes-Laski Letters (Cambridge, Massachusetts 1953), vol. 1, p. 427.

123 Letter from Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. to Harold Laski (June 1, 1922), in Howe, Holmes-Laski Letters, vol. 1, pp. 429–30. In his biography of Holmes, G. Edward White read this denial as evidence of Holmes's disagreeable tendency to deprecate others while asserting his own originality. G.E. White, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes: Law and the Inner Self (New York 1993) pp. 115, 146, 194.

124 Letter from Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. to Frederick Pollock (4 March 1888), in Howe, Holmes-Pollock Letters (Cambridge, Massachusetts 1941) vol. 1, p. 30 at p. 31.

125 Academy, 26 March 1881, at p. 219. William Stubbs, the eminent English constitutional historian, made a similar point in thanking Bigelow for sending him a copy of Placita Anglo-Normannica. “It is very pleasant”, Stubbs wrote, “to find that on your side of the Atlantic there is so much interest felt and so much good work done in a department of history which at present in England is a little neglected for more exciting political questions”. Letter from William Stubbs to Melville M. Bigelow (12 June 1879) (Melville W. Bigelow Papers, Muger Memorial Library, Boston University, Box 2).

126 51 Saturday Review 758 (1881), unsigned but ascribed to Pollock in White, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes: Law and the Inner Self, at p. 188.

127 (1897) 13 L.Q.R 208 at p. 209.

128 3 Law Journal (3 December 1898) 589, in James Bradley Thayer Papers, Harvard Law School Library, Box 17, Folder 3.

129 Letter from Frederick Pollock to James Barr Ames (23 June 1888), James Barr Ames Papers, Harvard Law School Library, Box 1, Folder 22.

130 H.A.L. Fisher, Frederick William Maitland: A Biographical Sketch (Cambridge 1910) p. 26.

131 Pollock and Maitland, The History of English Law Before the Time of Edward I, vol. 1, p. xxxvii. The other four were Brunner, Lieberman, Vinogradoff, and Stephen.

132 Ibid., vol. 2, at 604 n. 1. In a letter attached to the copy of The History of English Law he sent Thayer, Maitland wrote: “Long as it is, it would have been much longer but for your announced intention of republishing three excellent papers that appeared in the Harvard Law Review. With my share of the gift goes my homage and fealty.” Letter from Frederic Maitland to James Bradley Thayer (20 March 1895), in Thayer Papers.

133 Ibid., vol. 2 at p. 598 n. 1, p. 601 n. 4, p. 606 n. 1, p. 629 n. 3, p. 632 n. 5, p. 634 n. 3, p. 637 n. 3, p. 638 n. 3, p. 650 n. 4, p. 652 n. 3, p. 654 n. 1, p. 654 n. 4, p. 665 n. 1.

134 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 598 n. 2.

135 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 601 n. 4.

136 Ibid., vol. 1, at p. 158 nn. 2, 4; p. 159 n. 2.

137 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 223 n. 4.

138 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 496 n. 3.

139 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 579 n. 4.

140 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 602 nn. 2–3, p. 603 n. 3.

141 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 59 n. 2.

142 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 78 n. 3.

143 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 474 n. 5.

144 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 596 n. 5.

145 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 156 n. 1, p. 172 nn. 1, 5.

146 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 336 n. 1.

147 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 172 n. 1.

148 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 45–46.

149 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 214 n. 2.

150 Ibid., vol. 2, at pp. 531–32, p. 532 n. 2

151 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 219 n. 1.

152 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 214 n. 2.

153 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 527 n. 5.

154 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 498 n. 7.

155 Ibid., vol. 2, at p. 168 n. 2. For other citations to these articles, see ibid., at p. 166 n. 1, p. 166 n. 3, p. 167 n. 2, p. 172 n. 3, p. 175 n. 5.

156 F.W. Maitland, Bracton's Note Book (London 1887), pp. vii–viii. “I know that if I find any readers at all”, Maitland wrote Thayer, “at least half of them will live on your side of the Atlantic”. Letter from Frederic Maitland to James Bradley Thayer (3 October 1886), in Thayer Papers, Box 18, Folder 14.

157 F.W. Maitland, “Why the History of English Law is not Written”, in 1 H.A.L. Fisher, The Collected Papers of Frederic William Maitland (Cambridge 1911) p. 480 at p. 485.

158 Letter from Frederic Maitland to Bigelow, Melville M. (31 October 1885), in “The Maitland-Bigelow Letters” (1957) 37 Boston University Law Review 285 at p. 287Google Scholar.

159 Letter from Frederic Maitland to Melville M. Bigelow (13 May 1887), in ibid., at p. 287.

160 Letter from Frederic Maitland to Melville W. Bigelow (24 February 1889), in ibid., at pp. 294–95.

161 Letter from Frederic Maitland to James Bradley Thayer (18 February 1889), in Thayer Papers, Box 18, Folder 14.

162 Letter from Frederic Maitland to Melville W. Bigelow (29 February 1889), in “The Maitland-Bigelow Letters”, at p. 295.

163 Letter from Frederic Maitland to Melville W. Bigelow (16 February 1890), in ibid., at p. 299.

164 Letter from Frederic Maitland to Melville W. Bigelow (19 April 1891), in ibid., at p. 300.

165 Letter from Frederic Maitland to Melville W. Bigelow (30 March 1895), in ibid., at p. 302.

166 Letter from Frederic Maitland to Melville W. Bigelow (5 June 1889), in ibid., at p. 295.

167 See generally “The Maitland-Bigelow Letters”.

168 (1895) 1 American Historical Review 112.

169 Letter from Frederic Maitland to Melville W. Bigelow (3 November 1895) in “The Maitland-Bigelow Letters” at p. 304; see also Maitland to Bigelow, 29 July 1895, ibid., at p. 302.

170 1 American Historical Review (October 1895) 113.

171 Letter from James Bradley Thayer to Frederic Maitland (30 December 1887) in Maitland Papers, Cambridge University Library, Add 7006.

172 Nation 22 March 1888, at pp. 241–42.

173 Thayer Papers, Box 12, Folders 1–4.

174 Inventory to Thayer's Papers 5, Thayer Papers.

175 Nation 22 March 1888, 241, 243.

176 Letter from Frederic Maitland to James Bradley Thayer (June 1888), Thayer Papers, Box 18, Folder 14.

177 Letter from Frederic Maitland to James Bradley Thayer (15 September 1888), Thayer Papers, Box 18, Folder 14.

178 Letter from Frederic Maitland to James Bradley Thayer (21 April 1889), Thayer Papers, Box 18, Folder 14.

179 Maitland, F.W., “The History of the Register of Original Writs (1889) 3 Harvard Law Review 97, 167, 212CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

180 H.D. Hazeltine, “Gossip About Legal History: Unpublished Letters of Maitland and Ames” (1924) 2 C.L.J. 1.

181 Letter from James Bradley Thayer to Frederic Maitland (30 December 1887), in Maitland Papers, Add 7006.

182 Letter from Frederic Maitland to James Barr Ames (30 January 1888), reprinted in Hazeltine, “Gossip About Legal History: Unpublished Letters of Maitland and Ames” (1924) 2 C.L.J. at pp. 4–5.

183 Letter from James Barr Ames to Frederic Maitland (24 March 1888), Maitland Papers, Add 7006.

184 Letter from Frederic Maitland to James Barr Ames (6 May 1888), reprinted in Hazeltine, “Gossip About Legal History: Unpublished Letters of Maitland and Ames” (1924) 2 C.L.J. at p. 7.

185 Hazeltine, “Gossip About Legal History: Unpublished Letters Of Maitland and Ames” (1924) 2 C.L.J. at pp. 9–18.

186 Letter from Frederic Maitland to H.A.L. Fisher (22 September 1906): Bodleian Library, Oxford MS Fisher 143, Folder 129.

187 Thayer, , “The Teaching of English Law at Universities” (1895) 9 Harvard Law Review 169 at pp. 175–76CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

188 Ibid., at p. 178.

189 Ibid., at p. 178.

190 Ibid., at p. 183.

191 For England, see J.W. Burrow, Evolution & Society (Cambridge 1966), pp. 276–77; J.W. Burrow and S. Collini, “The Clue to the Maze: The Appeal of the Comparative Method,” in S. Collini, D. Winch, and J.W. Burrow, That Noble Science of Politics: A Study in Nineteenth-Century Intellectual History (Cambridge 1983), pp. 245–46. For the United States, see J. Higham, “The Historical Profession,” in J. Higham, History (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 1965), pp. 108–09; P. Novick, That Noble Dream (Cambridge 1988), pp. 69–70.

192 Pound, R., Book Review, “Vinogradoff, Outlines of History” (1922) 35 Harvard Law Review 774CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

193 R. Pound, Interpretations of Legal History (Cambridge 1923), p. 91.