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51856 results in International relations and international organisations

Page 580 of 2593

  • Article 53 - Duration of Labour

  • from Section III - Labour of prisoners of war
  • Compiled by International Committee of the Red Cross
  • Book:
    Commentary on the Third Geneva Convention
    Published online:
    21 August 2021
    Print publication:
    09 September 2021, pp 1015-1019

  • Summary

    The length of working hours is an important part of the labour regime ofprisoners of war as the main purpose of having them work is to maintain themin a good state of health. Article 53 aims to ensure that the duration ofdaily labour is not excessive and obliges the Detaining Power to grantprisoners a period of rest daily and for a full day once weekly, coupledwith eight consecutive days of rest for those who have worked for a year. Italso touches on methods of labour such as piecework.

  • Article 108 - Execution of Judicial Penalties: Premises and EssentialSafeguards

  • from III - Judicial Proceedings
  • Compiled by International Committee of the Red Cross
  • Book:
    Commentary on the Third Geneva Convention
    Published online:
    21 August 2021
    Print publication:
    09 September 2021, pp 1529-1529

  • Summary

    Article 108 contains rules on the treatment of prisoners of war whohave been sentenced once judicial proceedings have definitivelyconcluded. It requires that they serve their sentences in the sameestablishments and under the same conditions as members of the armedforces of the Detaining Power, while providing that these conditionsmust conform to the requirements of health and humanity. The articlefurther lays down certain safeguards that must be afforded toconvicted prisoners of war who are sentenced to a period ofdeprivation of liberty/imprisonment. It also contains an explicitrule relating to the protection of women prisoners of war in suchcircumstances: they must be confined in separate quarters and underthe immediate supervision of women.

  • Article 85 - Offences Committed Before Capture

  • from I - General Provisions
  • Compiled by International Committee of the Red Cross
  • Book:
    Commentary on the Third Geneva Convention
    Published online:
    21 August 2021
    Print publication:
    09 September 2021, pp 1310-1321

  • Summary

    Article 85 belongs to the general provisions of the chapter onpenal and disciplinary sanctions. According to the article, ifprisoners of war are prosecuted for acts committed prior to capture,they retain the benefits of the Convention, even upon conviction.This constitutes a deliberate reversal of the practice establishedduring the war crimes trials held at the end of the Second WorldWar, where a captured combatant accused of having committed a warcrime was considered to have forfeited the right to prisoner-of-warstatus and to the benefits of the 1929 Geneva Convention onPrisoners of War, including its judicial guarantees.

  • Article 64 - Prisoners’ Accounts

  • from Section IV - Financial resources of prisoners of war
  • Compiled by International Committee of the Red Cross
  • Book:
    Commentary on the Third Geneva Convention
    Published online:
    21 August 2021
    Print publication:
    09 September 2021, pp 1099-1103

  • Summary

    Article 64 obliges the Detaining Power to hold a separate account for eachprisoner of war showing at a minimum the details enumerated in subparagraphs(1) and (2). It is a necessary supplement not only to Articles 58–61 and 63but also to Article 18(4) and (5). The provision gives the Detaining Power,the prisoners of war and, where applicable, the Protecting Power and thePower on which the prisoners depend the necessary information on thefinancial situation of each prisoner.

Page 580 of 2593