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51856 results in International relations and international organisations

Page 571 of 2593

  • Preamble

  • Compiled by International Committee of the Red Cross
  • Book:
    Commentary on the Third Geneva Convention
    Published online:
    21 August 2021
    Print publication:
    09 September 2021, pp 39-44

  • Summary

    The preamble to the Third Convention is very brief. It consists merely of anintroductory formula that links the title of the Convention with its operativeparts, but does not state, as is usual with preambles, the motivations behind theoperative text. Apart from a reference to the governments represented at the 1949Diplomatic Conference, it notes only that the Conference’s purpose was to revise the1929 Geneva Convention on Prisoners of War. A commentary on this rather perfunctorytext might therefore seem unnecessary. However, the Conference discussed severalmore detailed draft preambles. While these were ultimately not adopted, importantelements of them have found expression in the dispositive provisions of the GenevaConventions, justifying a discussion here of this introductory sentence and itshistorical background.

  • Article 88 - Execution of Penalties

  • from I - General Provisions
  • Compiled by International Committee of the Red Cross
  • Book:
    Commentary on the Third Geneva Convention
    Published online:
    21 August 2021
    Print publication:
    09 September 2021, pp 1350-1350

  • Summary

    Article 88 contains general rules applicable to the treatment ofprisoners of war facing disciplinary or judicial punishment. Itshould be read together with Article 87, which is also general inscope and which states that the Detaining Power may only impose apenalty on prisoners of war if such penalty may also be imposed onmembers of its own armed forces for the same act. Article 87 furtherprohibits certain types of punishments, even if they exist formembers of the Detaining Power’s armed forces. Article 88 must alsobe read together with Articles 97 and 98 (applicable to disciplinarypunishments) and Article 108 (applicable to judicialpunishments).

  • Article 116 - Costs of Repatriation

  • from Section I - Direct repatriation and accommodation in neutral countries
  • Compiled by International Committee of the Red Cross
  • Book:
    Commentary on the Third Geneva Convention
    Published online:
    21 August 2021
    Print publication:
    09 September 2021, pp 1612-1614

  • Summary

    Article 116 deals with the question of who bears the costs of repatriationof prisoners of war or their transport to a neutral country duringhostilities. In principle, the Detaining Power is obliged to cover the costsup to its ‘frontiers’, i.e. its international borders. From this point, itis the Power on which the prisoners depend that is responsible for thefurther costs of repatriation or transfer to the neutral country.

Page 571 of 2593