Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of Illustrations
- Map
- Acknowledgements and Editorial Note
- List of Contributors
- Chapter One The Educated Traveller’s Guide
- Chapter Two Pope Leo I the Great (ca. 400–461, r. 440–61 CE) at the Basilica di S. Pietro and the Basilica dei Santi Giovanni e Paolo
- Chapter Three Saint Dominic de Guzmán (ca. 1170–1221 CE ) at the Basilicas of S. Marco al Campidoglio, San Sisto Vecchio, and Santa Sabina
- Chapter Four John Keats (1795–1821 CE ) and Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792–1822 CE ) at the Keats-Shelley House and the Cimitero Acattolico
- Chapter Five Julius Caesar (100–44 BCE ) at the Teatro di Pompeo, Rostra, Tempio del Divo Giulio, and Basilica Giulia
- Chapter Six Empress Livia (58 BCE –29 CE ) on the Palatino
- Chapter Seven Emperor Hadrian (76–138 CE ) at Castel Sant’Angelo, the Pantheon, and the Tempio di Venere e Roma
- Chapter Eight Pope Clement I of Rome (ca. 35–99 or 101, r. 88–99 or 101 CE ) at the Basilica di San Clemente
- Chapter Nine Emperor Constantine (ca. 277–337, r. 324–37 CE) at the Arco di Costantino, the Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano, and the Basilica dei Santi Quattro Coronati
- Chapter Ten Pope Paul III (1468–1549, r. 1534–49 CE ), Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475–1564), and the Campidoglio
- Chapter Eleven St. Thomas Aquinas (1225–74 CE ) at Santa Sabina, the Angelicum, and the Basilica di Santa Maria Sopra Minerva
- Chapter Twelve Maria Clementina Sobieska (1702–35 CE) at the Basilica di S. Pietro, Palazzo Muti, and the Basilica dei XII Santi Apostoli
- Chapter Thirteen Pope Urban VIII (1568–1644, r. 1623–44 CE ) at the Basilica di S. Pietro, Fontana del Tritone, and Palazzo Barberini
- Chapter Fourteen John Henry Newman (1801–90 CE ) at the Palazzo di Propaganda Fide, Basilica di Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, and the Chiesa di S. Giorgio in Velabro
- Chapter Fifteen Philip Neri (1515–95 CE) at the Catacombe di S. Sebastiano, the Chiesa di San Girolamo della Carità, the Basilica di San Giovanni dei Fiorentini, and the Chiesa Nuova
- Chapter Sixteen Pope Julius II (1443–1513, r. 1503–13 CE) at the Basilica di San Pietro, the Musei Vaticani, and Basilica di San Pietro in Vincoli
- Chapter Seventeen St. Peter (ca. 10–64 CE ) and St. Paul (5–67 CE ) at the Basilica di San Pietro, the Basilica di San Paolo Fuori le Mura, and the Abbazia delle Tre Fontane
- Chapter Eighteen Raphael Sanzio (1483–1520 CE ), Tommaso “Fedra” Inghirami (1470–1516 CE ), and Pope Julius II (1443–1513, r. 1503–13 CE ) at the Stanza della Segnatura (1508–11 CE )
- Chapter Nineteen Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475–1564 CE )at the Cappella Sistina
- Appendix A Concordance of Place Names
- Appendix B Timeline of the People and Places Mentioned in this Volume
- Index
Chapter Seven - Emperor Hadrian (76–138 CE ) at Castel Sant’Angelo, the Pantheon, and the Tempio di Venere e Roma
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 20 November 2020
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of Illustrations
- Map
- Acknowledgements and Editorial Note
- List of Contributors
- Chapter One The Educated Traveller’s Guide
- Chapter Two Pope Leo I the Great (ca. 400–461, r. 440–61 CE) at the Basilica di S. Pietro and the Basilica dei Santi Giovanni e Paolo
- Chapter Three Saint Dominic de Guzmán (ca. 1170–1221 CE ) at the Basilicas of S. Marco al Campidoglio, San Sisto Vecchio, and Santa Sabina
- Chapter Four John Keats (1795–1821 CE ) and Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792–1822 CE ) at the Keats-Shelley House and the Cimitero Acattolico
- Chapter Five Julius Caesar (100–44 BCE ) at the Teatro di Pompeo, Rostra, Tempio del Divo Giulio, and Basilica Giulia
- Chapter Six Empress Livia (58 BCE –29 CE ) on the Palatino
- Chapter Seven Emperor Hadrian (76–138 CE ) at Castel Sant’Angelo, the Pantheon, and the Tempio di Venere e Roma
- Chapter Eight Pope Clement I of Rome (ca. 35–99 or 101, r. 88–99 or 101 CE ) at the Basilica di San Clemente
- Chapter Nine Emperor Constantine (ca. 277–337, r. 324–37 CE) at the Arco di Costantino, the Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano, and the Basilica dei Santi Quattro Coronati
- Chapter Ten Pope Paul III (1468–1549, r. 1534–49 CE ), Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475–1564), and the Campidoglio
- Chapter Eleven St. Thomas Aquinas (1225–74 CE ) at Santa Sabina, the Angelicum, and the Basilica di Santa Maria Sopra Minerva
- Chapter Twelve Maria Clementina Sobieska (1702–35 CE) at the Basilica di S. Pietro, Palazzo Muti, and the Basilica dei XII Santi Apostoli
- Chapter Thirteen Pope Urban VIII (1568–1644, r. 1623–44 CE ) at the Basilica di S. Pietro, Fontana del Tritone, and Palazzo Barberini
- Chapter Fourteen John Henry Newman (1801–90 CE ) at the Palazzo di Propaganda Fide, Basilica di Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, and the Chiesa di S. Giorgio in Velabro
- Chapter Fifteen Philip Neri (1515–95 CE) at the Catacombe di S. Sebastiano, the Chiesa di San Girolamo della Carità, the Basilica di San Giovanni dei Fiorentini, and the Chiesa Nuova
- Chapter Sixteen Pope Julius II (1443–1513, r. 1503–13 CE) at the Basilica di San Pietro, the Musei Vaticani, and Basilica di San Pietro in Vincoli
- Chapter Seventeen St. Peter (ca. 10–64 CE ) and St. Paul (5–67 CE ) at the Basilica di San Pietro, the Basilica di San Paolo Fuori le Mura, and the Abbazia delle Tre Fontane
- Chapter Eighteen Raphael Sanzio (1483–1520 CE ), Tommaso “Fedra” Inghirami (1470–1516 CE ), and Pope Julius II (1443–1513, r. 1503–13 CE ) at the Stanza della Segnatura (1508–11 CE )
- Chapter Nineteen Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475–1564 CE )at the Cappella Sistina
- Appendix A Concordance of Place Names
- Appendix B Timeline of the People and Places Mentioned in this Volume
- Index
Summary
An Emperor of the People and For the People
Hadrian was a complex man who inherited a complex empire. Upon becoming emperor in 117, he faced a series of both short-term and long-term challenges to successful rule. In the shorter term, memories of the civil wars that arose after the death of Nero (r. 54–68) were still fresh in his subject's minds, and there was still considerable antipathy felt by the upper orders at what they had perceived to be their domination by the victors in those wars—the Flavian dynasty, consisting of emperors Vespasian (r. 69–79), Titus (r. 79–81) and Domitian (r. 89–96). As a result, after Domitian's death, the Senate hastily named one of its own number, the elderly Nerva (r. 96–98), as a corrective to the military rule of the Flavians. Nerva, perhaps forced by his own Praetorian Guard, soon named the general Trajan (r. 98–117) as his successor. Trajan recognized the tension between the Senate and the army and, after consolidating his power on the German frontier, he set out to win the hearts of the Senate while expanding the empire's borders in the East. For this, the Senate named him the optimus princeps (“best prince”). Hadrian's prospects for a successful reign therefore depended upon his ability to rule with authority, yet without alienating the Roman upper classes as the Flavians had done. A long-term challenge faced him as well, concerning the peculiar way imperial power itself had been structured and exercised for over a century prior to his reign. It was Octavian Augustus (r. 27 BCE–14 CE) who created Rome's system of rule after the collapse of the Roman Republic and his imposition of what we today call the Roman Empire. Governing the empire required retaining power over four basic institutions of Roman society and politics: the army; the magistrates in general and above all the Senate; the people as a whole and, more specifically, the tribunes who represented their interests; and various powerbrokers of provinces. No emperor after Augustus had been quite as successful in dominating these four constituencies and thereby retaining the political right to be Rome's princeps (“first citizen”) and imperator (emperor) as he had been.
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- Information
- People and Places of the Roman PastThe Educated Traveller's Guide, pp. 69 - 82Publisher: Amsterdam University PressPrint publication year: 2019