Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Introduction
- 1 Inspecting Great Britain: German Psychiatrists' Views of British Asylums in the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century
- 2 Permeating National Boundaries: European and American Influences on the Emergence of “Medico-Pedagogy” in Late Victorian and Edwardian Britain
- 3 Organizing Psychiatric Research in Munich (1903–1925): A Psychiatric Zoon Politicon between State Bureaucracy and American Philanthropy
- 4 Germany and the Making of “English” Psychiatry: The Maudsley Hospital, 1908–1939
- 5 Patterns in Transmitting German Psychiatry to the United States: Smith Ely Jelliffe and the Impact of World War I
- 6 “Beyond the Clinical Frontiers”: The American Mental Hygiene Movement, 1910–1945
- 7 Mental Hygiene in Britain during the First Half of the Twentieth Century: The Limits of International Influence
- 8 Psychiatry in Munich and Yale, ca. 1920–1935: Mutual Perceptions and Relations, and the Case of Eugen Kahn (1887–1973)
- 9 Explorations of Scottish, German, and American Psychiatry: The Work of Helen Boyle and Isabel Hutton in the Treatment of Noncertifiable Mental Disorders in England, 1899–1939
- 10 Welsh Psychiatry during the Interwar Years, and the Impact of American and German Inspirations and Resources
- 11 Alien Psychiatrists: The British Assimilation of Psychiatric Refugees, 1930–1950
- Selected Bibliography
- List of Contributors
- Index
11 - Alien Psychiatrists: The British Assimilation of Psychiatric Refugees, 1930–1950
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 September 2012
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Introduction
- 1 Inspecting Great Britain: German Psychiatrists' Views of British Asylums in the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century
- 2 Permeating National Boundaries: European and American Influences on the Emergence of “Medico-Pedagogy” in Late Victorian and Edwardian Britain
- 3 Organizing Psychiatric Research in Munich (1903–1925): A Psychiatric Zoon Politicon between State Bureaucracy and American Philanthropy
- 4 Germany and the Making of “English” Psychiatry: The Maudsley Hospital, 1908–1939
- 5 Patterns in Transmitting German Psychiatry to the United States: Smith Ely Jelliffe and the Impact of World War I
- 6 “Beyond the Clinical Frontiers”: The American Mental Hygiene Movement, 1910–1945
- 7 Mental Hygiene in Britain during the First Half of the Twentieth Century: The Limits of International Influence
- 8 Psychiatry in Munich and Yale, ca. 1920–1935: Mutual Perceptions and Relations, and the Case of Eugen Kahn (1887–1973)
- 9 Explorations of Scottish, German, and American Psychiatry: The Work of Helen Boyle and Isabel Hutton in the Treatment of Noncertifiable Mental Disorders in England, 1899–1939
- 10 Welsh Psychiatry during the Interwar Years, and the Impact of American and German Inspirations and Resources
- 11 Alien Psychiatrists: The British Assimilation of Psychiatric Refugees, 1930–1950
- Selected Bibliography
- List of Contributors
- Index
Summary
Between 1930 and the immediate postwar years, approximately 5,200 medical refugees (defined as including persons in all health care occupations) came to, or through, Great Britain as a result of National Socialism and the Second World War. Psychiatrists and psychoanalysts were two of the most innovative groups of medical refugees. They transformed Britain from a receiving center of pioneering continental approaches to a major international center of psychiatry and psychoanalysis. The refugee influx came on top of intensifying international interchanges in psychiatry and psychoanalysis, as Britain opened up to both American and Central European influences. Psychiatry and psychoanalysis were becoming part of mainstream scientific medicine internationally. Their aims were the active treatment and prevention of anxiety states, neuroses, and psychoses. Psychiatrists saw these mental disorders as no different from any other illness, and psychotherapy was increasingly accepted by mainstream medicine.
Transferring Skills
The refugees can be seen as agents of transfer of Central European models of classification, etiology, and therapy. In psychoanalysis the transfer of personnel, concepts, and practices from the major centers of Vienna, Berlin, and Budapest to London signified the establishment of a new center of research for this discipline—and also the intensification of previously existing, long-term tranfers from Central Europe. The Austrian-born Melanie Klein established herself in London in 1926, where she developed her ideas of child analysis and received support from Ernest Jones, the key organizer of psychoanalysis in Britain.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- International Relations in PsychiatryBritain, Germany, and the United States to World War II, pp. 218 - 236Publisher: Boydell & BrewerPrint publication year: 2010